EDR 610 Quiz 1 – Question and Answers
QUESTION 1
1. Standardized social studies test scores have been very, very low for several years in a local
... [Show More] parish. Ms. Bolden, the superintendent, has identified the outdated curriculum being used as a major cause for these low scores. She must recommend to the Board of Education a new curriculum (i.e., textbook series, instructional approach and strategies, supplemental materials including related technology, etc.) for parish-wide adoption. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate knowledge base upon which she should rely for choosing a specific curriculum for adoption?
2. a. Authority
b. Tradition
c. Personal experience
* d. Research
1 points
QUESTION 2
1. A valuable source of information characterized by the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data is
2. a. personal experience.
b. common sense.
* c. research.
d. tradition.
1 points
QUESTION 3
1. Which of the following characteristics distinguish research from other sources of knowledge?
2. a. The replicability of findings
b. The refutability of knowledge claims
c. The control for errors and bias
d. A commitment to analyze and critique investigations
*e. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 4
1. Why is scientific inquiry important in education?
2. * a. It helps to explain phenomena and our understanding of the relationships that underlie these phenomena.
b. It enables us to obtain accurate descriptions about behavior, events, and/or people.
c. It enables us to make predictions based on objective and valid information.
d. All of the above.
1 points
QUESTION 5
1. What is theory?
2. a. A method of inquiry that enables us to describe natural phenomena
b. A set of propositions that explains relationships among observed phenomena
c. A source of knowledge that is used to make educational decisions
d. A systematic process of collecting and analyzing data
1 points
QUESTION 6
1. Which of the following is a critically important characteristic of the six steps of the research 7 process identified by McMillan?
2. *a. The credibility of the overall result builds on the trustworthiness of each preceding step.
b. The review of the literature is superfluous to most research questions.
c. Mistakes in any individual step of the process can be compensated by actions taken in other steps.
d. Each step is independent of the other steps.
1 points
QUESTION 7
1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of quantitative research?
2. a. The emphasis is on numbers and statistical analyses.
*b. The data is presented in narrative form.
c. The research design is highly structured.
d. The experiment involves the manipulation of variables.
1 points
QUESTION 8
1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of qualitative research?
2. a. The data is presented in narrative form.
b. The researcher is involved in the study for a long period of time.
c. The research design is unstructured and emerges over time.
* d. The researcher conducts the study in a highly controlled, manipulated environment.
1 points
QUESTION 9
1. Which of the following characteristics most clearly differentiates experimental research designs from other types of quantitative designs? The researcher
2. a. applies the findings from basic research to a practical problem in the classroom.
b. assesses the relationship between two or more phenomena.
*c. investigates the causal relationship between two variables by manipulating one of them.
d. makes judgments about two or more alternatives.
1 points
QUESTION 10
1. Which of the following is a common characteristic of true experimental, quasi experimental, and single subject research designs?
2. * a. All of these designs examine causal relationships.
b. Each design examines the differences between groups.
c. Each design provides simple information describing something of interest to the researcher.
d. All of these designs are qualitative in nature.
1 points
QUESTION 11
1. Which of the following types of research is non-interactive in nature?
2. *a. Quantitative
b. Qualitative
* c. Analytical
d. Mixed-method
1 points
QUESTION 12
1. Which type of research best describes the following study? A researcher used a mid-term social studies exam to identify six students who performed exceptionally well or exceptionally poorly. Once identified, each student was interviewed to understand the nature of their preparation for the exam.
2. a. Quantitative
b. Qualitative
c. Analytical
*d. Mixed-method
1 points
QUESTION 13
1. Which of the following designs attempts to describe and interpret a cultural or social group system?
2. a. Grounded theory
b. Phenomenology
c. Descriptive
* d. Ethnography
1 points
QUESTION 14
1. From the following questions, identify the one that could be answered by doing evaluation research.
2. a. How do teacher aides apportion their time in the classroom?
*b. Was the new reading program being used in our school this year effective in increasing the reading scores of the fourth-grade students?
c. What is the relationship between self-concept and academic achievement?
d. Will the use of manipulatives enhance the retention of math concepts in fifth-grade students?
1 points
QUESTION 15
1. Which of the following components of a research report provides an explanation of the analysis of the data?
2. a. Abstract
b. Conclusion
*c. Results
d. Discussion
1 points
QUESTION 16
1. Which of the following BEST exemplifies a research problem as defined in the text?
2. a. I am curious about leadership styles.
b. Do electronic portfolios help students?
*c. Does instruction using mastery learning strategies have an effect on the academic development of graduate students in educational research classes?
d. The purpose of this study is to examine instructional strategies for graduate research students.
1 points
QUESTION 17
1. Which of the following is the BEST example of a statement of a research problem as defined in
the text?
2. a. The purpose of this research is to study social integration of minority students.
*b. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of computer-assisted instruction on the achievement of nine learning-disabled students.
c. This research will look at the relationship between school size and SAT scores.
d. What is the relationship between higher-order questioning and retention learning?
1 points
QUESTION 18
1. Which of the following is a researchable problem?
2. a. Should we use electronic portfolios to assess student's development as teachers?
b. Can students be taught to reflect?
c. *Do teachers' assessment strategies relate to students' knowledge of key concepts in chemistry classes?
d. Is the teaching of "abstinence" a justifiable approach to sex education?
1 points
QUESTION 19
1. Based on the author's discussion of the nature of research problems, which of the following is the LEAST appropriate research problem?
2. a. Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade students?
b. Would it be a good decision to ban competitive games from elementary schools?
c. Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized math tests scores?
d. What is the relationship between teacher's sense of self-efficacy and the quality of their instruction?
1 points
QUESTION 20
1. Which of the following represents a legitimate source of a research problem?
2. a. A teacher's personal experience using alternative assessments and her perceptions of their effectiveness
b. Brain-based research
c. Contradictory research results when investigating the effectiveness of using online tests in high school classes
* d. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 21
1. Which of the following BEST characterizes the difference between quantitative and qualitative problems.
2. a. Quantitative problems involve many, many variables while qualitative problems involve only one.
b. Quantitative problems are stated as questions while qualitative problems are stated as hypotheses.
c. Quantitative problems are researchable while qualitative problems are not.
* d. Quantitative problems involve variables while qualitative problems address issues.
e. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 22
1. Which of the following statements is MOST aligned with a researcher studying a qualitative problem?
2. a. The research problem identifies specific variables and discusses the relationships between these variables.
b. The research investigates cause and effect relationships.
*c. The research design emerges as the study progresses.
d. The researcher is a detached, objective observer.
1 points
QUESTION 23
1. Which of the following statements is MOST aligned with a researcher using QUANTITATIVE methods?
2. a. Research results are described in narrative form.
b. Research strives to understand phenomena from the participant's perspectives.
*c. Research designs emerge over the course of time.
*d. Research designs are chosen to manipulate the variables of interest and control for extraneous variables.
1 points
QUESTION 24
1. Which of the following would NOT be identified in a good quantitative research problem?
2. a. The specific research design being used
b. Each of the variables being studied as well as the relationships between them
c. The subjects being studied
d. The emergent nature of the research design
1 points
QUESTION 25
1. Which term is used to describe a phenomena that has many values?
2. a. Abstraction
b. Educational concept
c. Scientific construct
* d. Variable
1 points
QUESTION 26
1. The following are definitions of the term "tantrum." Identify the constitutive definition.
2. *a. A fit of bad temper
b. The number of times the student tips his desk over
c. The number of times a student throws items around the room
d. The frequency of violent acts toward other students
1 points
QUESTION 27
1. Which of the following is the BEST definition of the term operational definition?
2. a. It defines a concept with other concepts.
b. It is the same as a dictionary definition.
*c. It defines variables in terms of observable behavior.
d. It is precise.
1 points
QUESTION 28
1. Which of the following italicized variables can be described as a dependent variable?
2. a. In a recent study it was found that high school GPA was a better predictor of college performance than SAT scores.
*b. The data from the study showed that the timeout procedure was not effective in reducing the student's kicking behavior.
c. The researcher studied the effect of students' socioeconomic status on academic achievement.
d. The teacher was able to increase the number of books read by the students in her class by offering a prize to students who read four books in one month.
1 points
QUESTION 29
1. A variable that might interfere with the results of a study is called
2. a. A confounding variable.
b. A dependent variable.
c. An independent variable.
d. A predictor variable.
1 points
QUESTION 30
1. Which of the following variables can be described as continuous?
2. a. Males/females
b. Republican/Democrat/Independent
*c. Skilled or unskilled workers
* d. Vocabulary level
1 points
QUESTION 31
1. Which of the following research problems meets all of the criteria discussed in the text to evaluate a quantitative research problem?
2. a. Can we legislate change?
b. This study examined the effects of using formative quizzes on graduate students' research skills.
c. How do you make a Power Point slide show?
d. Why is this school failing its students?
1 points
QUESTION 32
1. Which of the following is a legitimate reason for using a hypothesis rather than a research question?
2. a. The hypothesis provides greater focus.
b. The hypothesis provides for the testing of the relationship.
c. The hypothesis implies how the study will be organized and structured.
d. The hypothesis allows the researcher to confirm or not confirm the relationships being studied.
e. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 33
1. The following statement is an example of which type of hypothesis? There is a negative relationship between birth rate and socio-economic status.
2. a. Null
b. Deductive
c. Research
d. Inductive
1 points
QUESTION 34
1. Which of the following is a research hypothesis rather than a statistical hypothesis?
2. * a. There is a positive relationship between self-concept and math achievement.
*b. The class using the web-based resources will show higher levels of content mastery than the class that does not use them.
c. The mean exam scores of the group using the self assessment quizzes will be significantly higher than the mean scores for the group not using them.
*d. Leadership styles of administrators are related to measures of school climate.
1 points
QUESTION 35
1. Which of the following is a poor example of a hypothesis?
2. *a. What is the relationship between test anxiety and performance?
b. Positive reinforcement is an ineffective method of changing behavior.
c. Test anxiety and performance are being studied.
* d. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 36
1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a qualitative research problem?
2. a. It is open-ended.
b. It is evolving.
c. It is process oriented.
d. It identifies specific variables to be studied.
1 points
QUESTION 37
1. Which of the following is the BETTER qualitative research problem?
2. a. What is the relationship between students' attitudes and their performance?
b. *How does Ms. Wilkins get her students to accept the high standards she holds for them?
c. What is going on at Kennedy High School?
d. How am I going to prove holding higher standards is an effective tool for learning?
1 points
QUESTION 38
1. What is the purpose of the standards and guidelines for ethics in educational research?
*a. To determine the correct behavior for specific research situations
* b. To determine who is at fault when the ethics of a researcher are questioned
c. To provide guidelines for sound decision making and the behavior of educational researchers
* d. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 39
1. Which of the following is true about the ethical guidelines for the use of deception in a research study?
a. Deception has the potential to cause psychological harm and is therefore never acceptable.
* b. If deception is used, the participants should be debriefed immediately following data collection.
c. It is acceptable, and usually necessary, to use deception to disguise the purpose of the study.
d. If deception is used, there should be financial compensation awarded to the participants.
1 points
QUESTION 40
1. Which of the following should be included in a research study consent document?
a. A statement that the subject may leave the study at any time.
b. A description of the benefits to participants in the study.
c. A description of the purpose of the study
d. All of the above
1 points
QUESTION 41
1. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research recommends that child consent, known as child assent, be established in a research study that involves children. Which of the following statements is true about child assent?
a. It is only required if parents are not available to give permission
b. It is required at the age of twelve and older.
c. It is required at the age of seven and older.
d. It is only required for research that can cause potential harm.
1 points
QUESTION 42
1. When is a full review by an institutional review board required?
a. Any time a study result will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
b. Any time a study involves children.
* c. Any time a study involves greater than minimal risk.
d. Any time a study involves the use of publicly available data. [Show Less]