4 functions of behavior - ANSWER-attention, escape, tangible, alone
Social Positive Reinforcement SR+ is also known as - ANSWER-attention
Automatic
... [Show More] Positive reinforcement provides what? - ANSWER-sensory stimulation
A behavior is assumed to be maintained by __________ _________ only after social reinforcers have been ruled out - ANSWER-automatic reinforcement
Behaviors that directly terminate aversive stimulation are therefore maintained by ________ _________ that is an automatic outcome of the response - ANSWER-negative reinforcement
Automatic ________ reinforcement terminates _________ stimuli - ANSWER-negative; aversive
_________ ________ _________ can account for behaviors that are either appropriate or harmful - ANSWER-Automatic negative reinforcement
________ enables hypotheses about the relations among specific types of environmental events and behaviors - ANSWER-FBA
FBA's are designed to obtain information about the ________ (________) a behavior serves for a person - ANSWER-purposes; functions
What is used to identify the type and source of reinforcement for challenging behaviors as the basis for intervention to decrease the occurrences of those behaviors? - ANSWER-FBA
3 strategic approaches of an FBA - ANSWER-Alter antecedent variables, alter consequent variables, teach alternative behaviors
What is the overarching term for the type of assessment used to hypothesize the relations among environmental events and behaviors? - ANSWER-FBA
3 methods of an FBA - ANSWER-Functional (experimental) analysis, descriptive assessments, indirect assessment
What is the ONLY method of an FBA that allows practitioners to confirm hypotheses regarding functional relations between problem behavior and environmental events?
-indirect assessments
-descriptive assessment
-Functional (experimental) analysis - ANSWER-Functional (experimental) analysis
What method is being used when antecedents and consequences representing those in the person's natural environment are arranged so that their separate effects on problem behavior can be observed and measured? - ANSWER-Functional analysis
functional analysis is also known as ______ - ANSWER-Analog
In an FA, the _________ and ________ similar to those occurring in the natural routines are presented in a _______ manner, but the analysis is not conducted in the context of naturally occurring routines - ANSWER-antecedents; consequences; systematic
4 conditions presented in a FA - ANSWER-3 test conditions and 1 control condition
3 test conditions presented in an FA - ANSWER-attention, escape, alone
What is happening in the control condition of an FA - ANSWER-No demands placed and reinforcement is freely available
Each test condition of an FA contains a ________ ________ and a potential source of ________ for problem behavior - ANSWER-motivating operation; reinforcement
problem behavior is expected to be ______ in the "play" condition (aka the control condition) - ANSWER-Low
Limitations of FA's include - ANSWER-strengthening undesired behaviors, limited acceptability, some behaviors may not be appropriate for an FA, naturally occurring variables go undetected, time and effort
The primary advantage of an FA is its ability yield a ________ ________ of the variables that influence the occurrence of a problem behavior - ANSWER-clear demonstration
Variations of FA procedures include
1) __________ __________ ________
2) Conducting FA in _______ ______
3)_________-_______ ________ contingency anaylsis (aka IISCA)
4) ________-________ FA
5) FA of ________ - ANSWER-brief functional analysis; natural setting; interview-informed synthesized; latency based FA; precursors
in a ______ ______ ______ only one ot two 5-10 minute sessions are conducted for each condition - ANSWER-brief functional analysis
When should a brief FA be used? - ANSWER-time restraint or severity of problem behavior
A _______ _______ is when the practitioner first makes the putative reinforcer contingent on one target behavior and then on an appropriate replacement behavior. - ANSWER-contingency reversal
Advantage of a brief functional analysis - ANSWER-reveals a function clearly in fewer sessions than a full FA
a ________ _______ FA consists of a series of trials interspersed among classroom activities - ANSWER-trial based
What variation is best suited for ongoing activited? - ANSWER-trial based FA
In the test condition of the IISCA, _________ contingencies are implemented simultaneously when the problem behavior occurs. in the control contingency, those same reinforcers are presented ____________ and ___________ - ANSWER-multiple; non contingently; continuously
What variation of an FA is best suited when problem behavior is not observed in a typical FA condition and when the behavior analyst suspects multiple contingencies may be maintaining problem behavior? - ANSWER-IISCA
In a _______ ________ FA, each session is terminated ass soon as a problem behavior occurs - ANSWER-latency based
What variation of FA should be used when problem behavior is so severe that it is not possible to conduct an assessment that requires the repeated occurrences of the problem behavior? - ANSWER-Latency based FA
This FA reliably identifies the "lead up" to the problem behavior - ANSWER-FA of precursor
What variation of an FA should be used when even 1 occurrence of problem behavior is so severe that evoking it poses unacceptable risk? - ANSWER-FA of precursor
Which assessment is done in the naturally occurring environment and directly observes the behavior? - ANSWER-Descriptive FBA
3 variations of a descriptive FBA - ANSWER-ABC continuous recording, ABC narrative recording, and scatterplots
Descriptive FBA's are used to identify - ANSWER-events correlated with the target behavior
with ______ _______ _______, an observer records occurrences of the targeted problem behaviors and selected environmental events in a natural routine during a period of time - ANSWER-ABC continuous recording
In ABC continuous recording, the _______ _______ events (antecedent and consequence) are recorded whenever they occur REGARDLESS of whether problem behavior occurred with it. This allows practitioners to understand events that occur in close ________ ______ to the target behavior - ANSWER-targeted environmental; temporal proximity
________ _______ is the liklihood that a target problem behavior will occur in a given circumstance - ANSWER-Conditional probabilty
In ABC narrative recording only data is collected when ______ ______ occurs - ANSWER-problem behavior
narrative recording is ______ _____ _____ that ABC continuous recording - ANSWER-less time consuming
_________ ________ is a procedure for recording the extent to which a target behavior occurs more often at particular times than others - ANSWER-scatter plot recording
the goal of a behavioral interview is to obtain clear and objective information about the problem behaviors, ___________, and ________ - ANSWER-antecedents; consequences
behavior rating scales designed for FAs ask the informants to estimate the ________ to which behavior occurs under specified conditions using a ________ scale - ANSWER-extent; likert
FBA can best be viewed as a 4-step process
1) gather information with _______ and _________ assessments
2) interpret information from indirect and descriptive assessments and formulate __________ about the _______ of problem behavior
3) test hypotheses using _______ _____
4) develop ________ options based on the ________ of the problem behavior - ANSWER-indirect; descriptive; hypotheses; purpose; functional analysis; intervention; function
When testing hypotheses, there should ALWAYS be a ________ condition - ANSWER-control
an FBA does NOT _______ which interventions will be effective in treating problem behavior [Show Less]