Chapter 08: Drugs Affecting the Renal/Urinary and Cardiovascular Problems
Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE
... [Show More] CHOICE
1. Which body system works with the renal/urinary system to maintain fluid balance and
remove waste products from the body?
a. Biliary system
b. Cardiovascular system
c. Central nervous system
d. Gastrointestinal system
ANS: B
The renal/urinary system works together with the cardiovascular system to maintain
adequate circulation to all parts of the body. The interactions between these two systems
help maintain fluid balance, delivery of nutrients, and removal of waste products from cells,
tissues, and organs. Most drugs that affect one system have an effect on the functioning of
the other system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p.126
2. Which category of diuretic drugs exerts its mechanism of action in the collecting duct?
a. Loop diuretics
b. Thiazide diuretics
c. Potassium-sparing diuretics
d. Thiazide-like sulfonamide diuretics
ANS: C
Loop diuretics work in the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle. Thiazide diuretics and
thiazide-like diuretics work at the end of the ascending loop of Henle and the beginning of
the distal convoluted tubule. Only the potassium-sparing diuretics work at the collecting
duct.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p.126
3. How do thiazide and thiazide-like diuretic drugs reduce high blood pressure?
a. Reducing blood volume and relaxing vascular smooth muscle
b. Increasing potassium excretion and slowing heart contractions
c. Releasing sodium from cellular storage sites and preventing heart block
d. Reducing the thirst response and increasing the amount of urine the bladder can
hold
ANS: A
Blood pressure is maintained by fluid volume in circulation, the force of heart contractions,
and the constriction of blood vessels that provide resistance. All diuretics help lower blood
pressure by reducing the amount of fluid (volume) in the blood. Thiazide and thiazide-like
diuretics also relax blood vessel smooth muscle, which decrease vascular resistance to blood
flow. The reduced volume and decreased resistance result in lower blood pressure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p.126
4. Which precaution is most important for the LPN/LVN to teach a patient newly prescribed to
take 10 mg of amiloride (Midamor) orally daily?
a. “Avoid the use of salt substitutes.”
b. “Avoid aspirin and [Show Less]