Discipline of Nursing Final Exam 68 Questions with Verified Answers
Which of the following could eventually change the historical status of nursing as
... [Show More] a female-dominated profession?
a. More men graduating from baccalaureate and higher degree programs
b. The proportion of men in nursing beginning to increase
c. More male graduates of basic nursing programs entering the workplace
d. Salary compensation increasing to attract more men - CORRECT ANSWER C
The racial and ethnic composition of the nursing profession will change to more accurately reflect the population as a whole when
a.
the increased numbers of racial and ethnic minorities enrolled in educational programs graduate and begin to practice.
b.
the number of Asians or Native Hawaiian-Pacific Islanders begins to increase.
c.
the percentage of African-American and Hispanic nurses decreases more than the percentage of white nurses.
d.
the nonwhite portion of the general population decreases. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Which of the following is a correct statement about the registered nurse (RN) population?
a.
The racial/ethnic composition of RNs closely resembles that of the general population.
b.
The number of men entering nursing has decreased steadily over the last decade.
c.
The rate of aging of RNs has slowed for the first time in the past 30 years.
d.
The majority of employed RNs working full time must work a second position. - CORRECT ANSWER C
Which of the following best describes trends in nursing education?
a.
Numbers of RNs with bachelor's and higher degrees are increasing.
b.
Numbers of RNs with associate degrees are decreasing.
c.
Foreign-born nurses practicing in the United States are seen as less knowledgeable because of their lesser educational preparation.
d.
Numbers of RNs with diploma educations are increasing. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Despite the variety of work settings available to the RN, data indicate that the primary work site for RNs is
a.
ambulatory care settings.
b.
community health settings.
c.
long-term care facilities.
d.
acute care hospitals. - CORRECT ANSWER D
One important advantage of clinical ladder programs for hospital-based RNs is that they
a.
allow career advancement for nurses who choose to remain at the bedside.
b.
encourage nurses to move into management positions in which they can influence patient care on a broader scale.
c.
encourage RNs to become politically active and guide the profession of nursing.
d.
provide training to staff nurses so they can move seamlessly across departments. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Which of the following statements is correct about community health nursing (CHN)?
a.
Prevention and community education are the cornerstones of CHN.
b.
Nursing care is rapidly moving from the home setting to the institutional setting.
c.
High-tech care such as ventilators and total parenteral nutrition cannot be handled in the home.
d.
Assessment skills are less important in CHN because patients are not acutely ill. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Which of the following is most essential for the nurse entrepreneur to be successful?
a.
Ability to take direction well
b.
Excellent time-management skills
c.
Avoidance of risks
d.
A college degree in business - CORRECT ANSWER B
The major benefit of serving as a military nurse is
a.
broader responsibilities and scope of practice than civilian nurses.
b.
working with entirely baccalaureate-prepared peers on active duty.
c.
serving as an officer on active duty or in the reserves.
d.
the financial support to seek advanced degrees. - CORRECT ANSWER D
Which of the following statements explains why the school nurse of today is truly a community health nurse?
a.
The school nurse may be called on to care for a student's family members in underserved areas.
b.
The school nurse's primary responsibility is centered on the well child.
c.
The school nurse's primary responsibility is to maintain immunization records.
d.
The school nurse must be certified in CHN. - CORRECT ANSWER A
What has been found about the outcomes of patients cared for in hospitals with a higher percentage of BSN-prepared nurses as compared to patients in hospitals with a lower percentage of BSN-prepared nurses?
a.
Patient outcomes are more dependent on nurse-patient ratios.
b.
Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses.
c.
Outcomes were similar in both types of hospitals.
d.
Medical patients had better outcomes, but surgical patients fared the same. - CORRECT ANSWER B
Faith community nursing (FCN) was founded on which of the following premises?
a.
Nurses' faith beliefs do not play a part in healing.
b.
The spiritual aspect takes precedence over the physical body in healing.
c.
Spiritual health is central to a person's well-being.
d.
Faith community nurses must receive formal training as a minister or clergy. - CORRECT ANSWER C
One important advantage of the evolution of nursing informatics is that
a.
it allows any RN to become a certified informatics nurse.
b.
informatics nurses are best able to design systems with the needs and skills of nurses who use them in mind.
c.
informatics nurses will reduce the need for direct caregivers to document care.
d.
benefits of informatics advancements include improved patient safety and increased variability of care. - CORRECT ANSWER B
Which of the following nursing roles is not considered an advanced practice role?
a.
Certified nurse-midwife (CNM)
b.
Community health nurse
c.
Certified nurse practitioner (CNP)
d.
Clinical nurse specialist (CNS) - CORRECT ANSWER B
NPs are advanced practice nurses who
a.
are required to have physician collaboration or supervision.
b.
function under a set of universal advanced practitioner laws.
c.
cannot receive direct reimbursement for their services.
d.
can diagnose and treat common and chronic conditions. - CORRECT ANSWER D
The clinical nurse leader (CNL) is a recently proposed role. The responsibilities of the person in this role include which of the following?
a.
Oversee and manage care delivery in specific settings.
b.
Manage and streamline operations in multiple nursing units.
c.
Replace the outdated CNS role.
d.
Provide daily care to a specific subset of patients with similar needs. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Hospice and palliative care nursing is a rapidly developing specialty in nursing. Which facts have contributed to this growth? (Select all that apply.)
a.
End-of-life care is largely the responsibility of nurses.
b.
End-of-life needs are expected to increase with the aging population.
c.
Nursing curricula have prepared nurses to deal effectively with dying patients and their families.
d.
Palliative care is a new focus of advanced practice nurses.
e.
Hospice and palliative care nurses work in a variety of settings. - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,E
CNSs may (Select all that apply.)
a.
manage an inpatient nursing unit.
b.
develop educational programs for nursing staff.
c.
conduct practice outcomes research.
d.
prescribe medications for common illnesses.
e.
attend or assist in the delivery of low-risk newborns. - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C
Which early nursing leader founded the first training school for nurses that would later become a model for early nursing education?
a.
Dorothea Dix
b.
Florence Nightingale
c.
Clara Barton
d.
Mary Ann Bickerdyke - CORRECT ANSWER B
Who was the first educated African-American professional nurse?
a.
Linda Richards
b.
Phoebe Pember
c.
Sojourner Truth
d.
Mary Eliza Mahoney - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: D
Feedback
A
Linda Richards was the first trained nurse in the United States.
B
Phoebe Pember was one of the first women placed in charge of a hospital.
C
Sojourner Truth was a famous abolitionist who served as a nurse for the Union forces in the Civil War.
D
Mary Eliza Mahoney was the first African-American professional nurse; she was educated at the New England Hospital for Women and Children
To which early nursing leader is attributed the founding of the American Red Cross?
a.
Clara Barton
b.
Dorothea Dix
c.
Florence Nightingale
d.
Lavinia Lloyd Dock - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
Founding the American Red Cross is attributed to Clara Barton.
B
Dorothea Dix was superintendent of women nurses of the Union Army.
C
Florence Nightingale was an English pioneer in nursing.
D
Lavinia Lloyd Dock was influential in forming the National League for Nursing (NLN).
What were some of the application requirements of nursing education programs in the 1900s?
a.
Male, intelligent, strong
b.
Female, sensitive, subservient
c.
Female, docile, from poor background
d.
Male, high breeding, independent - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: B
Feedback
A
Men were not thought to be sensitive enough for nursing.
B
Sensitivity, breeding, intelligence, ladylike behavior, and submission to authority were highly desired personal traits for nursing students.
C
High breeding was desirable for nursing education program applicants.
D
Men were not desired nursing education program applicants.
Which of the following statements best describes how the Chicago World's Fair of 1893 became a pivotal point in the history of nursing education in the United States?
a.
Florence Nightingale's work on sanitation and its relationship to mortality rates was finally recognized.
b.
The organization today known as the NLN was formed to address issues in nursing education.
c.
The American Nurses Association (ANA) was formed to oversee nursing education in the United States.
d.
The International Council of Nurses (ICN) was formed to enhance collaboration between practicing nurses and educators. - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: B
Feedback
A
Florence Nightingale's paper was on scientific training of nurses.
B
Several influential nursing leaders met at the Chicago World's Fair and started the National League for Nursing Education—the precursor to the NLN.
C
The NLN, not the ANA, was formed to oversee nursing education in the United States.
D
The ICN was not founded until 1899 and is not involved in U.S. education of nurses.
Which early nursing organization is credited with first recommending state registration for nurses?
a.
ICN
b.
NLN
c.
ANA
d.
National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
The ICN was formed to unite all nursing organizations. The topic of the first meeting was registration for nurses by each country and state.
B
The NLN was formed to oversee nursing education in the United States.
C
The ANA was formed to enhance collaboration between practicing nurses and educators.
D
The National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses was formed to develop leadership among African-American nurses.
Which of the following nursing leaders, because of her work in the Henry Street Settlement, is considered the founder of public health nursing?
a.
Margaret Sanger
b.
Clara Barton
c.
Lillian Wald
d.
Lavinia Lloyd Dock - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: C
Feedback
A
Margaret Sanger is known for her work on birth control with immigrant women from the Lower East Side of New York City.
B
Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
C
Lillian Wald founded the Henry Street Settlement, the first formalized public health nursing project.
D
Lavinia Lloyd Dock was instrumental in the formation of the NLN.
Despite the caring efforts of early public health nurses in the Henry Street Settlement, racial disparity left many people underserved. Which of the following African-American public health nurses was instrumental in providing excellent nursing care to underserved families despite these social challenges?
a.
Jessie Sleet Scales
b.
Margaret Sanger
c.
Lavinia Lloyd Dock
d.
Anita M. McGee - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
Jessie Sleet Scales established the Stillman House, a part of the Henry Street Settlement that provided care to African Americans.
B
Margaret Sanger worked to provide immigrant women on the Lower East Side of New York City with birth control information.
C
Lavinia Lloyd Dock founded the NLN.
D
Anita M. McGee was a physician appointed as head of the Hospital Corps, who recruited nurses for the Spanish-American War of 1898.
Which one of the following events occurring during the first decade of the 20th century brought sweeping changes to nursing?
a.
It was required that all practicing nurses be licensed.
b.
Permissive licensing laws allowed registered nurses (RNs) to practice without a license if they registered with the state.
c.
All states required a standardized licensing examination.
d.
Nurses had to pass a licensing examination to use the title RN. - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: D
Feedback
A
Practicing nurses did not have to be licensed but could not use the title RN.
B
Permissive licensing laws required all nurses using the title RN to be licensed.
C
Licensing examinations were not standardized until 1950.
D
Licensure laws were passed that required all people using the title of RN to be licensed.
What was the most significant impact on the profession of nursing made by Mary Breckenridge in her role as a frontier nurse?
a.
She demonstrated that nurses could provide primary care in rural settings.
b.
She demonstrated that female nurses could protect themselves in unsettled rural environments.
c.
She demonstrated that nurses were capable of teaching new mothers to care for babies.
d.
She demonstrated that nurses could provide care to many clients despite geographic boundaries. - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
Mary Breckenridge established frontier nursing services. She provided primary care to women and babies and demonstrated that nurses could provide primary care.
B
Safety was not the primary impact of the success of frontier nursing.
C
Although she was a nurse-midwife, this was not the most significant impact.
D
Demonstrating that nurses could provide care to many clients despite geographic boundaries was not the most significant impact made by Mary Breckenridge.
Which of the following trends in health care delivery that began in the second half of the 20th century continues today?
a.
Widespread use of team nursing to address the nursing shortage
b.
Massive movement of nurses out of acute care and into home care
c.
Advent of primary care to replace specialized care
d.
Provision of care to the poor, elderly, and disabled through Medicare and Medicaid - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: D
Feedback
A
Team nursing is rarely used today.
B
More nurses work in acute care today than in home care.
C
After World War II, specialization became popular.
D
Two amendments to the Social Security Act in 1965 designed to ensure access to health care for elderly, poor, and disabled Americans were the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid.
A recent trend in nursing has been an increase in the number of men and women with degrees in other fields or other careers applying to nursing programs. What is the single most important reason for this trend?
a.
Nursing as a career has gained increased status and prestige.
b.
Nursing salaries have outpaced many other fields.
c.
A nursing career provides both job security and meaningful employment.
d.
Working conditions in nursing have improved. - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: C
Feedback
A
While true, nursing's increased status and prestige is not a significant factor in the trend of people choosing it as a second career.
B
Salary is not a major factor.
C
The current appeal to men and women with degrees in other fields is that nursing can provide job opportunities, economic security, and the opportunity to help others.
D
Working conditions are not identified as a reason for choosing a second career in nursing.
What specialty of nursing was considered well suited for men at a time when other areas were excluding men from practicing?
a.
Obstetric nursing
b.
Pediatric nursing
c.
Psychiatric nursing
d.
Nurse educator - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: C
Feedback
A
Obstetric nursing was not considered an appropriate area for men in nursing.
B
Pediatric nursing was not considered an appropriate area for men in nursing.
C
Psychiatric nursing was considered well suited for men because it required physical stamina and strength.
D
Education was not a specialty considered well suited for men in nursing.
When surveyed, what is the primary reason given by men for entering nursing?
a.
To make a difference
b.
High salaries
c.
Flexible schedules
d.
Opportunity for travel - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
Men who want to make a difference in peoples' lives find nursing an appealing career choice
B
Economic and job security are important factors for men entering nursing, but more significant is the opportunity to make a difference in peoples' lives.
C
Flexible schedules, where provided, are an attractive incentive for employment, but that is not as significant as being able to make a difference in peoples' lives.
D
Opportunity for travel is available for travel and military nurses, otherwise it is not an important aspect of nursing as a career.
What was the purpose of the Hill-Burton Act?
a.
It established funding for the construction of hospitals.
b.
It provided women in the service with military rank.
c.
It established and funded the Frontier Nursing Service.
d.
It created the Cadet Nurse Corps - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
The 1946 Hill-Burton Act provided funding for the construction of hospitals.
B
Congress passed a bill in 1920 that allowed women to hold military rank.
C
The Frontier Nursing Service, originally known as the Kentucky Committee for Mothers and Babies, was established by Mary Breckinridge.
D
The Cadet Nurse Corps was an alliance between military and collegiate nursing programs to train nurses and was funded by Congress.
When surveyed, which profession was chosen by the general public as highest in honesty and ethics?
a.
Physician
b.
Pharmacist
c.
Nurse
d.
Attorney - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: C
Feedback
A
Physicians were not ranked over nurses.
B
Pharmacists were not ranked over nurses.
C
Gallup polls from 1999 to 2010 rated nursing as the top profession in honesty and ethics.
D
Attorneys were not ranked over nurses in honesty and ethics.
In 2002 which major American corporation partnered with nursing to design a media campaign to promote the image of nursing?
a.
Johnson & Johnson
b.
Baxter
c.
Microsoft
d.
Wal-Mart - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
In 2003 Johnson & Johnson began a $20 million campaign—Campaign for Nursing's Future—to enhance the image of nursing, to recruit new nurses and educators, and to retain nurses.
B
Baxter did not launch a media campaign to promote the image of nursing.
C
Microsoft did not launch a media campaign to promote the image of nursing.
D
Wal-Mart did not launch a media campaign to promote the image of nursing.
In which practice area was the first clinical nurse specialist (CNS) role developed?
a.
Mother-baby
b.
Psychiatric nursing
c.
Intensive care nursing
d.
Emergency nursing - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: B
Feedback
A
The first CNS role was developed in psychiatric nursing in the 1960s.
B
The first CNS role was developed in psychiatric nursing in the 1960s.
C
The first CNS role was developed in psychiatric nursing in the 1960s.
D
The first CNS role was developed in psychiatric nursing in the 1960s.
A shift in population growth is expected to place stress on nursing resources. Which age-group is expected to experience the greatest population growth in the next decade?
a.
Older than 85 years of age
b.
75 to 85 years of age
c.
35 to 65 years of age
d.
18 to 35 years of age - CORRECT ANSWER ANS: A
Feedback
A
People older than 85 years, known as the "very old," represent the fastest-growing segment of the total population.
B
Although the 75 to 85 age-group is growing, it is not the fastest-growing segment of the population.
C
The group of individuals 35 to 65 years of age is not expected to grow as dramatically as is the group termed "very old."
D
The 18 to 35 age-group is not expected to be the fastest-growing segment of the population in the next decade.
Which of the following was an unsuccessful attempt by the American Medical Association (AMA) to alleviate the nursing shortage of the time?
a.
Creation of the nurse manager position
b.
Creation of the registered care technician
c.
Recruitment of RNs from English-speaking countries
d.
Redistribution of qualified nurses to certain geographic locations - CORRECT ANSWER B
The first trained nurse in the United States graduated in 1873 and later became the supervisor of the Boston Training School. Who was this nurse?
a.
Mary Ann Bickerdyke
b.
Dorothea Dix
c.
Linda Richards
d.
Sallie Thompkins - CORRECT ANSWER C
During the Great Depression, staffing of hospitals changed with an impact lasting to the current day. What was this change?
a.
The employment of graduate nurses in hospitals
b.
The need for increased private duty nurses and rural health nurses decreased the number of nurses seeking employment in hospitals
c.
The opening of more schools of nursing in hospitals
d.
The increased number of collegiate schools of nursing, which allowed hospitals to increase the educational requirements for the staff - CORRECT ANSWER A
What was the most important influence of war on nursing?
a.
It allowed for the development of hospitals.
b.
Nurses were able to perform medical procedures during war.
c.
Improved medical care increased soldiers' survival rates.
d.
It provided for the creation of new technology to make work easier. - CORRECT ANSWER B
Florence Nightingale is often credited as being the first nurse researcher. This designation is based on
a.
her methods of reorganizing British hospitals.
b.
her use of data on the morbidity and mortality of soldiers in hospitals in Scutari.
c.
demonstration that trained nurses provided better nursing care.
d.
publication of Notes on Nursing, the first scholarly nursing publication. - CORRECT ANSWER B
The nursing profession is responsible for improving its own image. The most effective avenue for changing the image of nursing is to
a.
write letters expressing concerns to those responsible for negative images on television and in films.
b.
have nurses as consultants to the media to ensure that the media producers have accurate information about nursing.
c.
have nurses appear and behave professionally and explain what nurses do in each patient interaction.
d.
support the Johnson & Johnson campaign by distributing their information about nursing to students interested in nursing. - CORRECT ANSWER C
The diversity of the population entering the health care system is a challenge for nurses because
a.
the portion of minorities in nursing is greater than the portion of minorities in the general population.
b.
educators are culturally competent leaders for nurses and students.
c.
lessons about culture and cultural differences are not part of progressive education programs.
d.
ethnic minority nurses do not yet meet the same proportions in the profession as in the general population. - CORRECT ANSWER D
Biomedical technology involves the use of complex machines or devices in patient care situations. Because of the highly technological environment in which nurses work, it is important that nurses
a.
assume total responsibility for monitoring data generated by these devices.
b.
use human touch and words of reassurance frequently to convey caring.
c.
maintain the device's safety by assuring routine assessment by physicians.
d.
be careful not to frighten the patient and family with information about the device. - CORRECT ANSWER B
Margaret Sanger, as a nurse and activist, worked on the Lower East Side of New York City in the early 1900s with immigrant women. What was the focus of her work?
a.
Sanitation to prevent disease transmission
b.
Health education for children
c.
Providing nursing care to underserved African-American families
d.
Safe contraception and family planning for women - CORRECT ANSWER D
Nursing practices during the Civil War advanced the cause of professional nursing. The move toward formal education and training was supported by (Select all that apply.)
a.
endorsement by the Catholic nursing orders (Sisters of Charity, Sisters of Mercy, and Sisters of the Holy Cross).
b.
a proposal by Dr. Samuel Gross in 1869 that large hospitals develop training schools for nurses.
c.
reports of inadequate conditions in hospitals reported by social reformers after the Civil War.
d.
lobbying by the United States Sanitary Commission for the creation of nursing schools.
e.
the appointment of Dorothea Dix as Superintendent of Women Nurses of the (Union) Army. - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D,E
Historically, one solution that attempted to correct the shortage of RNs was to increase the supply of nurses. Means of increasing the supply of nurses included (Select all that apply.)
a.
implementation of team nursing.
b.
use of "traveling nurses."
c.
development of associate degree programs.
d.
importation of nurses from English-speaking countries.
e.
use of registered care technicians. - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D
Provisions of the Affordable Care Act include (Select all that apply.)
a.
lifetime limits of catastrophic care insurance will cover.
b.
children up to age 26 being allowed to stay on parents' insurance.
c.
disallowing denial of coverage for children and teens' preexisting conditions.
d.
the right to appeal coverage decisions.
e.
recommended preventative services without out-of-pocket cost to consumers. - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D,E
Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?
a.
Ministry
b.
Teaching
c.
Social work
d.
Engineering - CORRECT ANSWER A
Which of the following characteristics of a profession were listed in Flexner's work on professions?
a.
Activities of professions are more physically than intellectually oriented.
b.
Activities of professions are based on their own body of knowledge.
c.
Beliefs of professions are more theoretical than practical.
d.
Beliefs and traditions are handed down from generation to generation. - CORRECT ANSWER B
Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?
a.
Members have autonomy.
b.
Members are trained on the job.
c.
Members are motivated primarily by financial reward.
d.
The group lacks a code of ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Which of the following best describes the difference between an occupation and a profession?
a.
A profession requires a duty to serve.
b.
A profession is defined by members' average income.
c.
In a profession, action is based on intuition.
d.
In a profession, knowledge is handed down from generation to generation. - CORRECT ANSWER A
According to the nurse's Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is
a.
autonomy.
b.
accountability.
c.
evidence-based practice.
d.
altruism. - CORRECT ANSWER B
The document that provides professional standards and a framework for professional decision making that ensures decisions are made with the highest integrity is the
a.
Nurse Practice Act.
b.
Code of Ethics.
c.
Nursing's Social Policy Statement.
d.
bylaws of the American Nurses Association (ANA). - CORRECT ANSWER B
A component that separates occupations from professions is commitment. Which of the following is the best way that nurses can show commitment to each other?
a.
Reporting substandard practice by unlicensed personnel
b.
Reading the professional literature
c.
Mentoring nursing students and novice nurses
d.
Making a financial donation to a professional organization - CORRECT ANSWER C
The nursing profession has experienced barriers to professionalism. Which of the following is the primary current barrier to nursing's professionalism?
a.
Too many men in nursing
b.
Unquestioning obedience to doctors
c.
Limitations placed on practice by state legislators
d.
Variability of educational backgrounds of nurses - CORRECT ANSWER D
The process of professionalization of an occupation typically follows a pattern of developmental stages. One of the stages is collective identity. Which of the following is an example of collective identity?
a.
Legal right to practice profession to protect unique skills from outsiders
b.
Apprenticeship programs to develop skills
c.
A loose association of practitioners
d.
Definition of the profession's mission related to full-time work - CORRECT ANSWER A
Preparation is a component that separates occupations from professions. Which of the following is the best way that a nurse demonstrates preparation for the profession?
a.
Improves nursing practice through the use of trial and error methods
b.
Focuses on the skills needed for the practice setting
c.
Articulates the values of caring and compassion in patient-centered care
d.
Utilizes textbooks from college to support practice 5 years after graduation - CORRECT ANSWER C
A barrier to professionalism attributed to nursing's roots in altruism is illustrated when a nurse
a.
questions a medication order written by the physician.
b.
takes the time to listen to a patient's fears about surgery.
c.
needs to seek approval from charge nurse to give a PRN medication.
d.
feels guilty for expecting to be paid well for work. - CORRECT ANSWER D
A major challenge to full autonomy for nurses is/are
a.
state nurse practice acts.
b.
lobbyists for the American Medical Association (AMA) and hospital associations.
c.
the status of nurses in hospital hierarchy.
d.
the view of physicians as the gatekeepers in health care. - CORRECT ANSWER B
One of the characteristics of a profession identified by Kelly was "there is an organization (association) that encourages and supports high standards of practice." Which of the following illustrates a concern for nursing meeting this characteristic?
a.
The ANA has existed for more than 100 years.
b.
Nursing specialty organizations have greater power to influence practice than a more general nursing organization.
c.
The membership of the ANA is less than 10% of all nurses.
d.
The purpose of the ANA does not address the economic and general welfare of nurses. - CORRECT ANSWER C
Scholars have defined "profession" through the years. Which of the following were identified as common major characteristics according to scholars? (Select all that apply.)
a.
It is based on a body of knowledge that can be learned.
b.
It has a service orientation.
c.
Practice is in a single recognized setting.
d.
Professionals control their own practice and settings.
e.
Skills can be learned in a variety of settings, including through job training. - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D
An important aspect of professionalism is collegiality. Which of the following demonstrates collegiality? (Select all that apply.)
a.
Assisting a nurse researcher with data collection related to measuring stress levels in hospitalized children
b.
Reporting a nursing assistant to the nurse manager when heart rate was not recorded in a patient chart
c.
Participating in weekly patient care conferences with physicians, social workers, and other therapists
d.
Sharing with another nurse that you heard the nurse manager is dating the new physical therapist on the unit
e.
Serving as a preceptor to a nurse completing a refresher course to reactivate her nursing license. - CORRECT ANSWER A,C,E
In 1900, the primary reason for hospital-based nursing education programs was to
a.
educate nurses to care for patients in hospitals.
b.
provide educational opportunities for women.
c.
staff the hospitals that operated the education programs.
d.
provide standardized preparation for nurses. - CORRECT ANSWER C
Which of the following nursing leaders is credited with being one of the earliest nursing educators in the world?
a.
Isabel Hampton Robb
b.
Mary Adelaide Nutting
c.
Melinda Anne Richards
d.
Annie W. Goodrich - CORRECT ANSWER B
The Goldmark Report focused on what aspect of nursing?
a.
Consistency in length of nursing education programs
b.
Consistency in theory content across diploma programs
c.
Desirability of establishing schools of nursing within academic settings
d.
Increasing numbers of physicians teaching in nursing programs - CORRECT ANSWER C
Which American university opened the first nursing school as a separate department within the university?
a.
Harvard
b.
Teachers College
c.
Columbia
d.
Yale - CORRECT ANSWER D [Show Less]