1. A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old toddler who is hospitalized and confined to a room with contact precautions in
place. Which of the following toys
... [Show More] should the nurse recommend in order to meet the developmental needs of the
client?
A. Large building blocks
Rationale: Large building blocks are age-appropriate toys for a 12-month-old toddler.
B. Hanging crib toys
Rationale: A crib gym is not an age-appropriate toy for a 12-month-old toddler. The ability to stand places
the toddler at risk of strangling from the strings of the toys.
C. Modeling clay
Rationale: Modeling clay is not an age-appropriate toy for a 12-month-old toddler due to the risk of the child
ingesting it.
D. Crayons and a coloring book
Rationale: Crayons and a coloring book are not age-appropriate toys for a 12-month-old client.
2. A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old toddler who has been hospitalized for 10 days. After the toddler's mother
leaves the room, the nurse observes the toddler sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking her thumb. When
the nurse approaches the crib, the toddler turns away from the nurse. The nurse should understand that these
behaviors indicate which of the following developmental reactions?
A. An anxiety reaction
Rationale: Hospitalization is stressful, regardless of the age of the client. However, for an 18-month-old
toddler, separation from parents adds to that stress. The toddler's behavior indicates an anxiety
reaction to the stress of hospitalization. Separation anxiety initially causes demonstrations of
protest. Remaining sad and quiet when a parent leaves indicates the second response to
separation anxiety, which is despair.
B. Regression
Rationale: The toddler's behavior is age-appropriate.
C. Resentment toward the mother
Rationale: This reaction is not age-appropriate.
D. Developing autonomy
Rationale: An 18-month-old toddler might be beginning to develop autonomy. However, remaining sad and
quiet without protesting when a parent leaves is an unusual behavior for a toddler and is not
related to developing autonomy.
3. A nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a toddler. The nurse should recognize that this stage is
characterized by which of the following?
A. Imaginary playmates
Rationale: At 4 to 5 years of age, children have imaginary playmates.
B. Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt
Rationale: The stage of initiative versus guilt is typical of the preschool-age child.
C. Demonstrations of sexual curiosity
Rationale: Sexual curiosity is typical of the preschool-age child.
D. Negative behaviors characterized by the need for autonomy
Rationale: Assertion of autonomy is seen in toddlers as they begin their language and social development.
4. A nurse has accepted a position on a pediatric unit and is learning about psychosocial development. Place
Erikson's stages of psychosocial development in order from birth to adolescence. (Move the steps into the box on
the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.)
E. Trust vs. mistrust
A. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
D. Initiative vs. guilt
B. Industry vs. inferiority
C. Identity vs. role confusion
5. A nurse is collecting data from a child who is descending stairs by placing both feet on each step and holding on to
the railing. The nurse should understand that these actions are developmentally appropriate at which of the
following ages?
A. 3 years
Rationale: At age 3, children can typically ascend stairs using alternating feet but still descend by placing
both feet on each step.
B. 4 years
Rationale: By age 4, children can descend stairs using alternating feet and holding the railing.
C. 5 years
Rationale: By age 5, children's balance improves but they continue hold the railing when ascending and
descending stairs. [Show Less]