DAANCE Module 1-
Basic Sciences
neurons do what - ANSWER conduct nerve impulses
what is the synapse - ANSWER junction between two neurons
what makes
... [Show More] up the central nervous system - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
what three parts make up the brain - ANSWER cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla
oblongata
what makes up the peripheral nervous system - ANSWER sensory nerves and motor
nerves
How many cranial nerves are there - ANSWER 12
what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - ANSWER 5
what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - ANSWER supplies sensation to the teeth
and jaw
what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - ANSWER sympathetic
nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
what nervous system "speeds things up" - ANSWER sympathetic
what nervous system "slows things down" - ANSWER parasympathetic
what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - ANSWER sympathetic
nervous system
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - ANSWER
vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate
what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - ANSWER
sympathetic
vasomotor is controlled by the - ANSWER sympathetic nervous system
the vasomotor does what - ANSWER controls the diameter of the blood vessels
baroreceptors regulate what function - ANSWER blood pressure with positional
changes
the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve what -
ANSWER two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs
Alpha effect is what (only one alpha) - ANSWER vasoconstriction
Beta effect is what( two beta categories) - ANSWER seen in bigger organs, heart and
lungs
Beta 1 activity is where - ANSWER heart related functions- such as increased heart
rate and strength of contraction
Beta 2 activity is where - ANSWER pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs)
Parasympathetic stimulation causes what - ANSWER increased activity of digestive
tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal secretions. (atropine or Robinul
can counteract stimulations)
Automaticity - ANSWER heart pumps on its own
Heart has four chamber- what are they - ANSWER left atrium, right atrium, left
ventricle, right ventricle
Where does the left atrium receive blood from - ANSWER from the lungs, via the
pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood
Where does the right atrium receive blood from - ANSWER from the peripheral (body's)
circulation and is oxygen poor
the ventricles receive blood from where - ANSWER the atria
Ventricle anatomy - ANSWER thicker walls
larger chambers
left ventricle is the thickest m.
Where does the right ventricle send blood - ANSWER deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Where does the left ventricle send blood - ANSWER oxygenated blood to the body/
peripheral circulation
What are the three sources the right atrium receives blood - ANSWER above: superior
vena cava
below: inferior vena cava
inside the heart m.: coronary sinus
the blood in veins are considered what - ANSWER oxygen poor
blood vessels leading AWAY from the heart are - ANSWER arteries
blood vessels leading TO the heart are - ANSWER veins
Flow of Blood through the heart - ANSWER 1. right atrium fills with blood
2. contracts- tricuspid valve
3. right ventricle fills with blood
4. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve
5. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs
6. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium
7. contracts-mitral valve
8. left ventricle fills with blood
9. Contracts- forces blood through aortic valve into aorta and then the peripheral
circulation.
closure of the four valves prevents back flow. if valve is damaged then this will be a -
ANSWER heart murmur or mitral valve prolapse
most heart problems are because of - ANSWER faulty or reduced coronary circulationthe hearts own circulatory system
reduced oxygen supply weakens the heart this condition is called - ANSWER ischemia
what results from ischemia - ANSWER angina pectoris- chest pain
poor circulation can also cause - ANSWER myocardium infarction
arteries can either ________ or _________ - ANSWER vasodilation or vasoconstriction
diastolic phase is during what part of the blood flow - ANSWER when the ventricles are
relaxed
diastolic pressure measures what - ANSWER the pressure in the arteries during the
relaxation of the ventricles
systolic phase is what part of the blood flow - ANSWER when the ventricles contract
systolic pressure measures what - ANSWER the pressure in the arteries duri [Show Less]