CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT TEST BANK WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
1. Which of the following
... [Show More] behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections among
clients? The nurse:
1) disinfects dirtyhands withantibacterialsoap.
2) allows alcohol-basedrubtodryfor 10 seconds.
3) washes hands onlyafter leavingeachroom.
4) usescold water for medicalasepsis.
2. What is the most frequentcauseof thespread of infectionamong institutionalized
patients?
1) Airborne microbes from otherpatients
2) Contact withcontaminatedequipment
3) Hands ofhealthcare workers
4) Exposurefrom familymembers
3. Whichof the following nursing activities is ofhighestpriority for maintaining medicalasepsis?
1) Washinghands
2) Donninggloves
3) Applyingsteriledrapes
4) Wearingagown
4. A patient infected witha virus but whodoes nothaveanyoutwardsignof thedisease is
considered a:
1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4) carrier.
5. A patient is admitted tothe hospital with tuberculosis. Whichprecautions must the nurseinstitute
whencaring for this patient?
1) Droplet transmission
2) Airbornetransmission
3) Directcontact
4) Indirectcontact
6. A patient becomes infected withoralcandidiasis (thrush) while receivingintravenous
antibiotics totreatasystemicinfection. Whichtype of infection has thepatientdeveloped?
1) Endogenousnosocomial
2) Exogenousnosocomial
3) Latent
4) Primary
7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2days. His
condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of infection is the
patient most likelyexperiencing?
1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4) Convalescence
8.Thenurseassists asurgeon withcentralvenous catheter insertion. Which action is
necessaryto help maintainsterile technique?
1) Closingthepatients door tolimitroom traffic whilepreparingthesterile field
2) Usingcleanproceduregloves tohandlesterileequipment
3) Placingthe nonsterilesyringes containingflushsolutiononthesterile field
4) Remaining 6 inches awayfrom thesterile fieldduringtheprocedure
9. A patientdevelops localized heat anderythema over anarea on the lower leg. Thesefindings
are indicative of whichsecondarydefense against infection?
1) Phagocytosis
2) Complementcascade
3) Inflammation
4) Immunity
10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receivingan
antibiotic. Whichantibody isprimarilyresponsible for this patients response?
1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
4) IgM
11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of
immunoglobulin G?
1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active
12. A patientasks thenurse why there isno vaccine available for thecommoncold. Which
responsebythe nurse is correct?
1) Thevirus mutates toorapidlytodevelop a vaccine.
2) Vaccines aredeveloped onlyfor veryserious illnesses.
3) Researchersarefocusingefforts onan HIV vaccine.
4) Thevirus for thecommoncold has notbeenidentified.
1 3. A patient whohas a temperature of 101F (38.3C) most likelyrequires:
1) acetaminophen(Tylenol).
2) increasedfluids.
3) bedrest.
4) tepidbath.
14. Why is a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-based product as a skin
protectant? It:
1) Prevents microorganisms from adheringtotheskin.
2) Facilitates theabsorption of latex proteins throughtheskin.
3) Decreases theriskof latex allergies.
4) Prevents theskinfrom dryingandchaffing.
15. For which range of time mustanurse washher hands before working in theoperatingroom?
1) 1 to2 minutes
2) 2to4 minutes
3) 2to 6 minutes
4) 6 to10 minutes
16. How should thenursedisposeof thebreakfast tray ofa patient whorequires airborne
isolation?
1) Placethetrayinaspecially marked trashcan insidethepatients room.
Placethetrayinaspecial isolationbagheldbyasecond healthcare worker at the
2) patients door.
Returnthe traywithanote todietaryservices soitcanbecleaned andreused for the
3) next meal.
Carrythe traytoan isolationtrashreceptacle located in thedirtyutilityroom and
4) disposeof it there.
17 . How muchliquidsoapshouldthenurseuseforeffective hand washing? At least:
1)
2 mL
2)
3 mL
3)
6 mL
4)
7 mL
18. Toassureeffectiveness, whenshould the nursestop rubbingantiseptic handsolution
over allsurfaces of the hands?
1) Whenfingers feelsticky
2) After 5 to10 seconds
3) Whenleavingtheclients room
4) Oncefingers andhands feeldry
19. A patient is admitted tothe hospital forchemotherapy andhas a low white blood cellcount.
Whichprecautionshould thestaff take withthis patient?
1) Contact
2) Protective
3) Droplet
4) Airborne
20. While donning sterile gloves, the nurse notices the edges of the glove package are slightly
yellow. The yellow area is over 1 inchaway from the gloves and onlyappears tobe ontheoutside of the
glovepackage. What is thebestaction for thenursetotake at this point?
1) Continueusingthegloves insidethepackagebecausethepackage is intact.
2) Removegloves from sterile fieldanduseanew pair ofsterilegloves.
3) Throw allsupplies awaythat weretobeusedandbeginagain.
4) Usethegloves and makesurethe yellow edges of thepackagedonot touchtheclient.
21. The nurse is removingpersonalprotective equipment (PPE). Which item shouldberemoved
first?
1) Gown
2) Gloves
3) Faceshield
4) Haircovering
22. A nurse is splashed in the face bybody fluidduringa procedure. Prioritize thenursesactions,
listingthe most important one first.
A. Contactemployee health
B. Completeanincident report
C. Washtheexposed area
D. Report toanothernursethatsheis leavingtheimmediatearea.1)
1, 2, 3, 4
2) 2, 3, 4, 1
3) 3, 4, 1, 2
4) 4, 1, 2, 3
Multiple Response
Identifyoneor morechoices thatbestcomplete thestatementoranswer thequestion.
1. In whichsituation wouldusingstandardprecautions beadequate? Selectall thatapply.
1) Whileinterviewingaclient withaproductivecough
2) Whilehelpingaclient toperform his ownhygienecare
3) Whileaidingaclient toambulateaftersurgery
4) Whileinsertingaperipheral intravenous catheter
2. Whichof the followingprotect(s) thebodyagainst infection? Selectall thatapply.
1) Eatingahealthywell-balanceddiet
2) Beinganolderadult oraninfant
3) Leisureactivities threetimes a week
4) Exercisingfor 30 minutes 5 days a week
3. The nurse is teaching a group ofnewlyhired nursing assistive personnel (NAP)aboutproper
hand washing. The nurse will know that the teaching was effective if the NAP demonstrate what?
Select all that apply. The NAP:
1) usesapaper towel toturn off thefaucet.
2) holds fingertips abovethe wrists whilerinsingoff thesoap.
3) removesallrings and watchbefore washinghands.
4) cleansunderneatheachfingernail.
4. Alcohol-based solutions for hand hygiene can be used to combat which types of
organisms? Selectall thatapply.
1) Virus
2) Bacterialspores
3) Yeast
4) Mold
5. A patient with tuberculosis is scheduled for computed tomography (CT). How should thenurse
proceed? Select all that apply.
1) Questiontheorderbecausethepatient mustremain inisolation.
2) Placean N-95 respirator maskonthepatientand transport him tothetest.
3) Placeasurgical maskonthepatientand transport him to CT lab.
4) Notifythecomputed tomographydepartmentaboutprecautions prior totransport.
True/False
Indicate whether thestatement is trueor false.
1. Bacteriaare necessaryforhumanhealthand well-being.
Chapter 1. Disease prevention
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: 3
Patients acquire infection by contact with other patients, family members, and healthcare equipment. But
most infectionamongpatients isspreadthroughthehandsofhealthcare workers.Hand washing
interrupts thetransmissionandshould bedonebeforeand after allcontact with
patients, regardless of the diagnosis. When the hands are soiled, healthcare staff should use
antibacterialsoap with warm water to removedirtanddebris from theskinsurface. Whennovisible
dirt is present,an alcohol-based rubshouldbe applied andallowed to dry for 10 to15seconds.
2. ANS: 3
Patients are exposed to microbes by contact (direct contact, airborne, or otherwise) with other patients,
familymembers,andcontaminated healthcareequipment. Someof thesearepathogenic(cause illness)
and some are nonpathogenic (do not cause illness). But most microbes causing infectionamongpatients
arespread bydirectcontact onthehands ofhealthcare workers.
3. ANS: 1
Scrupulous hand washing is the most important part of medical asepsis. Donning gloves, applying
steriledrapes beforeprocedures,and wearingaprotectivegown maybeneeded toensure asepsis,
but they are not the mostimportant aspect because microbes causing most healthcare-related
infections aretransmittedbylackofor ineffective hand washing.
4. ANS:4 [Show Less]