CSO EXAM 2024 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
Ageusia - ANSWER Loss or absence of the sense of taste
Allogenic marrow transplantation - ANSWER Transfer of
... [Show More] marrow from donor to another
person who is not genetically identical
Antineoplastic agents - ANSWER Chemical agents (cytotoxics, immuniologic preparations,
hormones) or meds used to prevent the development, maturation or spread of neoplastic
cells
antioxidants - ANSWER molecules (ie. vitamins) that blcok action of activated oxygen
molecules (free radicals) that can demage cells
antologous marrow transplantation - ANSWER transfer of marrow from the pt's own tissue
(from hematopietic stem cells)
cancer cachexia - ANSWER wt loss, anorexia, wasting, immunosuppression, altered BMR,
abnormalitis in fluid & energy metabolism, lessening of the body's fat & muscle stores that
accompanies advanced CA even with adequate nutrition.
carcinogen - ANSWER an agent (physical, chemical, or viral) that induces CA
carcinogenesis - ANSWER the origin or development of CA, a multistage, biological process
that proceeds on a continuum but is often described in stages of initiation, promotion and
progression
cytokines - ANSWER protein mediators produced by inflammatory cells in response to
exogenous stimuli, produce metabolic changes & wating
dysgeusia - ANSWER impaired taste
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - ANSWER a dz caused by the immune response of
histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an
immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting
against the pt (host) tissues
evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total
bowel rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat &
acideity, gastric irritants --> regular diet
- usually 3 onths after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)
hypogeusia - ANSWER decreased taste acuity
initiation - ANSWER the initial stage of tumorigenesis, involving transformation of cellular
DNA
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER mass of CA cells that invades surrounding tissues or spreads
to distant areas of body
metastasis - ANSWER growth of malignant tissue that spreads to surrounding tissue or
organs
myelosuppression - ANSWER suppression of bone marrow cell production
neutropenia - ANSWER a reduction of WBC (neutrophils) that can be caused by chemo or
XRT, results in increased susceptibility to life-threatening infections
pancytopenia - ANSWER a reduction in all cellular elements of the blood
phytochemicals - ANSWER nonutritive compounds in plants though to influence the process
of tumorigenesis
progression - ANSWER the phase in which tumor cells aggregate, grow autonomously and
form benign tumors that eventually lead to malignant phenotype with the capacity for tissue
invasion & mets
Promotion - ANSWER The stage of tumorigenesis in which initiated cells are activated by a
promoting agent to multiply and form a discrete tumor
radiation-induced enteritis - ANSWER a condition of inflammation that can occur after XRT
to the GI tract & that leads to diarrhea & malabsorption
staging - ANSWER a classification system known as TNM that is used to identify the "extent"
of the tumor: its size, the degree of growth & spread; T - size of tumor, N- degree of spread to
lymph nodes; M- presence of mets
Tumor necrosis factor - ANSWER (cachectin, interluckin-1, interleukin-6, interferon-y); a
hormone-like protein that releases fat from fat stores, reduces the concentration of enzymes
required for the production and storage of fat & induces a stage of anorexia
veno-occlusive disease (VOD) - ANSWER - transplant related complication
- a symptomatic occlusion of the small hepatic venules caused by hepatotoxins & XRT; may
resolve after removal of the offending agent or may progress to portal HTN & liver failure
- 1-3 wks post transplant
-hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, hepatic failure, encephalopathy & multi-organ failure
Xerostomia - ANSWER mouth dryness
Halal diet - ANSWER Muslim. Designating any object or an action which is permissible to use
or engage in, according to Islamic law.
No Rare meat, ETOH, or any intoxicant, Pork and its by-products such as bacon and lard
Kosher diet - ANSWER Jewish dietary laws. There are three categories of Kosher food -
Meat, Dairy and Parve (or Pareve).
Rules:
No Mixing meat with milk, Pork, Shellfish, Bloody meat
Pesah (Passover) - prohibition on eating leavened bread or derivatives
Macrobiotic diet - ANSWER Avoid animal products including dairy, eggs, coffee, sugar,
poultry, and processed foods.
No "nightshade vegetables" including potato, peppers and eggplant
Diet may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
50-60% from whole grains, 25-30% from veg, remaining from beans, seaweed, soups
Seventh-Day Adventist: - ANSWER Lacto-ovo vegetarian diet
Avoid: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, seafood, coffee, tea and alcohol
Diet may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter -Day Saints (Mormons) - ANSWER No alcohol, coffee or
tea
Anticipatory nausea and vomiting - ANSWER occurs prior to the beginning of a new cycle of
chemotherapy. This occurs after the patient has experienced N&V from an earlier
chemotherapy treatment.
Acute nausea and vomiting - ANSWER occurs during the first 24-hours after chemotherapy. [Show Less]