CRRN Test 1|1266 Questions with Verified Answers
Which act allows children with disabilities appropriate education, transition services, assistive
... [Show More] technology, and rehab counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
What is a SMALL number of people with complementary skills who are equally commited to a common purpose, goals, and working approach known as? - CORRECT ANSWER real team
Participants in health care have combined widely shared human beliefs about health and illness into four major ethical principles. What obligation requires health care providers to help people in need? - CORRECT ANSWER beneficence
What is nonmaleficence? - CORRECT ANSWER the duty to do no harm
What is the process of aligning and developing the capacity of a team to create the results its members desire? - CORRECT ANSWER team learning
Which of the following is a barrier to independent living for the C4 spinal cord injured patient? - CORRECT ANSWER availability of affordable, accessible housing
Which method of paying health care providers shifts part of the financial risk to hospitals by paying a fixed amount based on admission diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER prospective payment
Which christian sect maintains Saturday as the holy day? - CORRECT ANSWER seventh day adventist
What would be the BEST approach for the rehab nurse with a new interest in political activism? - CORRECT ANSWER identify one issue of interest and act on it
What is included in the American with Disabilities Act of 1990? - CORRECT ANSWER mandates 24 hour relay services by telephone companies so that individuals with telecommunication devices for the deaf could communicate with those who do not have those devices
Which team model is UNCOMMON in rehab practice? - CORRECT ANSWER medical
Which tool should be used in the nursing assessment of pressure ulcer risk? - CORRECT ANSWER Braden Scale
Rebound occurs when an individual spends insufficient time in certain stages of sleep. For which of the following stages is rebound an IMPORTANT concept? - CORRECT ANSWER stage 4
Rebound occurs: - CORRECT ANSWER when an individual is deprived of Stage 4 sleep
Which statement is incorporated in Orem's self care theory? - CORRECT ANSWER investigation/decision making where the pt. has control and input regarding activity
Which nursing theorist views the person as a biological, symbolic, and social unit? - CORRECT ANSWER Dorothea Orem
Which spinal cord injury syndrome causes paralysis and loss of position sense on the same side as the injury and loss of pain and temperature sensations on the opposite side? - CORRECT ANSWER Brown-Sequard syndrome
What are the two PRIMARY goals of the interdisciplinary team in pediatric rehabilitation? - CORRECT ANSWER provision of care and self-maintenance
Which level of wellness views rehabilitation activities and the monitoring of health care processes to prevent complications or further illness, injury or disability? - CORRECT ANSWER tertiary prevention
How does an independent living program support an individual with a disability? - CORRECT ANSWER allows pts. to remain in their own dwellings while offering support services
Which techique allows the user to determine the volume of pts. required for a progam to be financially self-sufficient? - CORRECT ANSWER break-even analysis
When comparing one facility's selected outcomes with those of another facility's outstanding outcomes this is considered which process? - CORRECT ANSWER benchmarking
Which strategy, when implemented prior to discharge, promotes communication, defines the roles of each party, clearly outlines expected outcomes, defines the limitations of care, and establishes home health care agency liability? - CORRECT ANSWER health contract
Which of the following defines impairment? - CORRECT ANSWER the residual limitation that results from disease, injury, or a congenital defect
Define handicap - CORRECT ANSWER the interaction of a person with a disability with the environment
Define disability - CORRECT ANSWER the inability to perform some key life function
Define functional limitation - CORRECT ANSWER the loss of the ability to perform self-care tasks and is the result of an impairment
Patients with which diagnoses would be likely to have restrictive lung disease? - CORRECT ANSWER high level spinal cord injury
Which theory did Bandura deveklop to guide the assessment of the individual's ability to promote health and reduce risk? - CORRECT ANSWER self-efficacy
What is the role of an interdisciplinary team? - CORRECT ANSWER reach a common goal thru team meetings and go beyoud their respective disciplines
What types of drugs would be MOST likely to cause male ejaculation and impotence problems? - CORRECT ANSWER antihypertensives, antispasmodics, calcium channel blockers, tranquilizers, anticonvulsants, alcohol, and analgesics
Which nursing theorist views health as a value-laden term imposed by society? - CORRECT ANSWER Martha Rogers
The major focus of King's nursing theory is: - CORRECT ANSWER goal attainment through interaction
Which ethical principle is exemplified by the rehab nurse who spends numerous hours in the preparation of a teaching plan for the pt, and future family caregivers? - CORRECT ANSWER fidelity
What is an IMPORTANT condition that must be present for a team to be successful? - CORRECT ANSWER a commitment to a common purpose and specific goals
Which member of the rehab team has the PRIMARY responsibility for assisting pts. in gaining skills for community reentry? - CORRECT ANSWER recreational therapist
In which rehabilitaitonteam model is communication more vertical than lateral, with the leader controlling team conference? - CORRECT ANSWER multidisciplinary model
Self-efficacy is an important concept in relation to changing health behaviors. Which statement BEST describes self-efficacy? - CORRECT ANSWER the degree of confidence a person has about his or her ability to perform a specific activity
One lump sum payment made to the provider for each patient's treatment during a month or year is referred to as: - CORRECT ANSWER capitation payment
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is an expansion of which previous law? - CORRECT ANSWER The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Who is responsible for developing, implementing, documenting and evaluating the treatment plan? - CORRECT ANSWER interdisciplinary team
Which initiative was developed by Medicare to reimburse physicians under the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989? - CORRECT ANSWER resource-based relative value reimbursement
Which attribute or trait is a characteristic of a change-resilient person? - CORRECT ANSWER self-discipline
What is the ideal time to involve the external case manager? - CORRECT ANSWER onset of the disability
When faced with an ethical dilemma what must the rehab nurse do FIRST? - CORRECT ANSWER assess her own personal values
Which ascending spinal cord tracts is responsible for transmitting pain and temperature sensations? - CORRECT ANSWER the lateral spinothalamic tract
Complete injury without preservation of sensation or motor function in S4-5. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA-A
Incomplete injury with preservation of sensation throughout the cord, including S4-5. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA-B
Incomplete injury with motor function intact below the level of the lesion, though the muscle strength is a grade 2 or lower, functional gain may not be significant due to weakness. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA-C
Incomplete injury with motor function intact below the level of the lesion, muscle strength is a grade 3 or higher, functional gains are usually significant. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA-D
Normal motor and sensory function. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA-E
Spontaneous Eye Opening - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Eyes open to verbal command - CORRECT ANSWER 3
Eyes open to pain - CORRECT ANSWER 2
No response (Eye Opening) - CORRECT ANSWER 1
Oriented, converses (Verbal Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 5
Disoriented/Confused, converses (Verbal Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Uses inappropriate words (Verbal Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 3
Makes incomprehensible sounds (Verbal Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 2
No response (Verbal Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 1
Obeys Verbal Commands (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 6
To localized pain (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 5
Flexes and withdraws from pain (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Flexes abnormally (Decorticate Posturing) (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 3
Extends abnormally (Decerebrate Posturing) (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 2
No motor response (Flaccid Coma) (Motor Response) - CORRECT ANSWER 1
What is the purpose of the Glascow Coma Scale? - CORRECT ANSWER to access for LOC
What areas does the Glascow Coma Scale test? - CORRECT ANSWER eye response, motor response, and verbal response
A comatose client would receive what score? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 or less
Pupil response - CORRECT ANSWER pupils < or = 8 is coma;
Full consciousness receives what score? - CORRECT ANSWER 15
Awake, alert, atentive, can follow commands - CORRECT ANSWER full consciousness
Drowsy state, Pt can awaken, but not completely to stimulation, may also follow commands but his responses may be slow and inattentive - CORRECT ANSWER Lethargy
Pt is difficult to arouse and needs constant stimulus to follow commands; may verbally respond to stimuli with a few words but drifts back to sleep when stimulus is removed - CORRECT ANSWER Obtundation
Pt arouses to vigorus and continuous stimulation which is typically painful in nature; may moan briefly but does not follow commands; only response may be withdrawal from the painful stimulus - CORRECT ANSWER Stupor
Does not respond to continuous or painful stimulus; no movement except for reflex actions and does not verbalize. - CORRECT ANSWER Coma
Mild brain injury - CORRECT ANSWER loss of concious <30min
GCS 13-15
negative neuroimaging
moderate brain injury - CORRECT ANSWER GCS 9-12
abn CT
coma lasting <24hrs
severe brain injury - CORRECT ANSWER LOC >days, months, years
GCS<8
permanent residul deficits
vegetative state - CORRECT ANSWER no distinct evidence of conscious awareness of self/environ
eyes open spontaneously, SW, no intentional, purposeful, reproducible reponses to stimuli
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Three interlocking circles: person, body and disease
Person Body and Disease in Halls theory - CORRECT ANSWER Person is core, body is care, and disease is cure
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Who asserted that only wholly professional nursing care would hasten recovery?
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Who's view of health asserts that people behave according to feelings rather than knowledge?
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Who defined rehabilitation as the process of learning to live within limitations?
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Who asserted that setting goals for clients that do not reflect the clent's own goals is countertherapeutic?
Lydia Hall - CORRECT ANSWER Who assets that nurses should focus teaching and learning on the client?
Lydia Hall's theory - CORRECT ANSWER Aspects of Nursing are Core, Care and Cure
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER Systems Framework Theory is the personal, interpersonal and social systems
Keystone to Imogene King's theory - CORRECT ANSWER Mutuality achieved through perceptional congruence
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER views the person as an open system
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER states that a person has intrinsic worth
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER defines health as a dynamic life cycle
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER sees nursing as an interactive endeavor in which nurse and client share information in the nursing situation
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER states that the goal of nursing is to help individuals maintain their health so they can function in their roles
Imogene King - CORRECT ANSWER believes that goal setting is not a one time event but rather an ongoing process
Dorothea Orem - CORRECT ANSWER Self Care AGency, Self Care Demands make up the Self Care Theory
Dorothea Orem - CORRECT ANSWER Views health as a state of wholeness or integrity
Dorothea Orem - CORRECT ANSWER Theorist who states that when self care demands exceed self care agency, nursing may intervene
Dorothea Orem - CORRECT ANSWER Defines people outside the healthcare system upon whom the client may depend to meet self care demands as "dependent care agents"
Dorothea Orem - CORRECT ANSWER Theorist that state that nurses form a supportive-educational system during rehabilation
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER Science of Unitary Human Beings theory that focuses on people and their worlds in a pandimensional universe.
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER views human beings as wholes not parts
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER States that humans and environment are energy fields that are intertwined and irreducible
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER Defines integrality as the concept that humans and the environment are intertwined and irreducible
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER views nursing as "knowing rather than doing"
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER considers nursing to be an abstract body of knowledge
Martha Rogers - CORRECT ANSWER describes nursing as a learned profession with the goal of promoting health and well being
Margaret Newman - CORRECT ANSWER Theorist whose theory focuses on community and family centered rehabiliation nursing
Margaret Newman - CORRECT ANSWER views the meaning of life and health in terms of an evolving process of expanding consciousness
Margaret Newman - CORRECT ANSWER States that the pattern of the whole contains the individual as an open system, the family as an open system and the community as an open system...all systems are interacting with one another
Margaret Newman - CORRECT ANSWER believes that changes in the health status of an individual or family result in changes in the pattern as related to the whole community
Neal theory of Home Health Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER Theory that states "In the practice of community centered care, nurses proceed through a three stage process toward autonomy in the role
Stage One of Neals Home Health Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Dependence on others for help with clinical and logistical aspects of community centered care
Stage Two of Neals Home Health Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Nurses in this stage are moderately independant but still need help with office procedures, reimbursement issues and factors that restrict their autonomy
Stage Three of Neal's Home Health Theory - CORRECT ANSWER AFter approximately two years, the nurse moves into this stage and feels autonomous with regard to logistical and clinical aspects of community centered nursing
Neal - CORRECT ANSWER Theorist who believes the ability to adapt is necessary to move through stages
Bandura's Learning Theory of Self Efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling.
Dorothea Orem's view of the person - CORRECT ANSWER a biological, symbolic and social unit
Collaborative model - CORRECT ANSWER Model for provision of services that is assumed in all rehab models
Betty Neuman - CORRECT ANSWER developed a health care systems model in which the person is viewed as an open system in interaction with the environment
Jacqueline Fawcett - CORRECT ANSWER identified four central concepts that provide the foundation for nursing theories: person, environment, health and nursing
Marjory Gordon - CORRECT ANSWER developed a data collection system comprised of 10 functional health patterns necessary for assessment of a patients life experiences
Sister Calista Roy - CORRECT ANSWER drew her theory from the adaptation theory
physics - CORRECT ANSWER What Martha Rogers theory is based on
Defines health as a value laden term imposed by society - CORRECT ANSWER Martha Rogers "definition" of health
Dynamic life experiences and adjustment to stress - CORRECT ANSWER Imogene King's definition of health
Levine's Conservation Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Teaches patient ways to limit energy expenditure during activities of daily living and assisting them in planning rest breaks
Olfactory - CORRECT ANSWER 1 or I smell
Optic - CORRECT ANSWER 2 or II vision
Oculomotor - CORRECT ANSWER 3 or III eye movement eyes moving in and out, constricting pupils, accommodating for light
Trochlear - CORRECT ANSWER 4 or IV eye movement down and outward.
Trigeminal - CORRECT ANSWER 5 or IV chewing, sensations of the face, scalp and teeth
Abducens - CORRECT ANSWER 6 or VI outward eye movements
Facial - CORRECT ANSWER 7 or VII facial expression, taste, salivation, crying
Acoustic - CORRECT ANSWER 8 or VIII hearing and equilibrium
Glossopharyngeal - CORRECT ANSWER 9 or IX secretes saliva, swallowing, controls gag reflex, sensation in the throat, and taste
Vagus - CORRECT ANSWER 10 or X swallowing, voice production, heart rate, rate of peristalsis, sensation in throat, thoracic and abdominal viscera
Spinal Accessory - CORRECT ANSWER 11 or XI shoulder and head movement
Hypoglossaal - CORRECT ANSWER 12 or XII tongue movement
The chief nurse manager role is to provide - CORRECT ANSWER leadership through a vision of the potential capabilities of the unit
The most successful leaders are - CORRECT ANSWER emotionally intelligent which means they are driven by qualities such as empathy, self - awareness, self-control, the desire to achieve, and social adeptness.
The nurse manager is responsible for - CORRECT ANSWER promoting and disseminating information about the values and objectives of the nurses.
The team nursing approach for patient care delivery - CORRECT ANSWER involves an RN being responsible for a large group of patients and other personnel
Primary nursing delivery model - CORRECT ANSWER RNs are utilized to care for a smaller group of patients
Nurse managers respsonsibilities include - CORRECT ANSWER maintaining standards of practice, competency, care, accreditation, operating budgets, staff developement, human resources
Revenue is related to the following - CORRECT ANSWER average daily census, Functional independence measure (FIM) of typical patients which determines the case mix group (CMG), Length of stay, number of discharges
Expenses include - CORRECT ANSWER salaries, fringe benefits, staffing requirements, supplies, rental equipment
Capital requirements include - CORRECT ANSWER equipment, furniture, construction
The basis of nursing staff development is - CORRECT ANSWER further education
Quality is defined as - CORRECT ANSWER maintenance of the highest and finest standards
The National Quality Forum (NQF) states the major areas of concern in the health care setting are - CORRECT ANSWER medical errors, overtreatment, undertreatment.
Three of the main regulatory bodies for health care quality are - CORRECT ANSWER Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS), The Joint Commission (TJC), Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP)
CARF accredits which type of programs? - CORRECT ANSWER rehab programs
Name 4 standardized tools for measurement of quality - CORRECT ANSWER Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Minimum Data Set (MDS),
Medicare Outcomes Trust health status questionnaires, Rating scales, Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS)
Name the 5 crucial types of quality measurements according to the National Quality Measures Clearinghouse - CORRECT ANSWER Access, evaluation of effect, ability to provide suitiable care such as nurse to patient ratio, health care process, patient experience
The National Database for Nursing Quality Indicators include - CORRECT ANSWER hospital acquired pressure ulcers, safely administered medications, prevention of hospital acquired infections, rate of falls
A lack of accidental injuries as a result of medical errors or avoidable adverse events - CORRECT ANSWER Patient Safety
Active error - CORRECT ANSWER executed by nurse or other health care provider whose consequences are immediately observable.
Latent error - CORRECT ANSWER are those that have consequences observable only over time, such as admin policies, inadequate staff, poor equipment
Nolan and Nolan described 6 roles of the rehab nurse - CORRECT ANSWER 1. assessment of patient's physical condition and delivery of needed care 2. Teach and counsel patient 3. be sensitive to and understand patient moods and coping mechanisms 4. Understand family dynamics, 5. deal with issues related to sexuality6. health care liason role and knowledge in health care delivery systems.
Homebound status means - CORRECT ANSWER the patient is unable to easily leave home alone or with assistance,requires skilled care at home and has no other readily accessible options to address these needs.
Home plans must be established and reviewed by a physician every _____ days - CORRECT ANSWER 60
Reimbursement for homecare is primarily paid through - CORRECT ANSWER Medicare Part A
Home health agencies are accredited through which agencies - CORRECT ANSWER Community Health Accreditation Program or Home Care Accreditation Program (associated with Joint Commission)
The definition of case management as defined by the Case Management Society of America is - CORRECT ANSWER a colloborative process of assessment, planning, facilitation, and advocacy for options and services that meet an individual's health needs through communication and available resources to promote quality cost -effective outcomes.
A process of cost containment in which non-medical administrators such as insurance companies dictate the provision of services and medications - CORRECT ANSWER Managed care
Discharge planning should begin - CORRECT ANSWER as soon as the patient is admitted
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates - CORRECT ANSWER accessible public transportation and bans potential employers from asking questions about disability.
A closely knit group of patients sharing support services is a - CORRECT ANSWER residential facility
Which spinal cord level must be intact for sexual response in either male or female? - CORRECT ANSWER S2 to S4
Which part of the brain is responsible for maintenance of arousal? - CORRECT ANSWER Brainstem, paricularly the hypothalmic-pituitary axis
Female puberty begins at what age? - CORRECT ANSWER 8 to11
Male puberty begins at what age? - CORRECT ANSWER 9 - 15
Which drug classes can suppress desire and sexual function? - CORRECT ANSWER SSRI's, tranquilzers, tricyclic antidepressants, diuretics, antihistamines, narcotics, street drugs, horrmones, H2 antagonists
Which sexual position is best for arthritic hip joints? - CORRECT ANSWER Side lying with supportive pillows
Which sexual position is best for spasticity due to spinal cord injuries? - CORRECT ANSWER Bottom position due to lack of control
Which sexual position is best for people at risk for MI? - CORRECT ANSWER Bottom position and heart rate should be monitored for about a quarter hour after intercourse
PLISSIT sexual counseling acronym stands for - CORRECT ANSWER P = permission, LI = discussion and limited information SS = specific suggestions, IT = intenstive therapy if needed
The process of dealing with difficult problems or situations is - CORRECT ANSWER Coping
True or False: Many of the factors that impace the coping process are related to the person's sense of self and her abilities. - CORRECT ANSWER True
The expectation of a favorable outcome. - CORRECT ANSWER Optimism
Faith in improvement - CORRECT ANSWER Hope
Inherent ability to withstand adversity - CORRECT ANSWER Hardiness
Capacity for speedy recovery - CORRECT ANSWER Resilience
In assessing an individual's coping effectiveness, the nurse should ask about the person's - CORRECT ANSWER previous lifestyle
What 2 coping styles indicate nursing interventions are needed? - CORRECT ANSWER ineffective and defensive
Nursing interventions for ineffective coping should include: - CORRECT ANSWER providing support that enhances the ability to cope, make decisions, control anger, build self esteem and enlarge support system
Nursing interventions for defensive coping should include: - CORRECT ANSWER interventions related to self-awareness, fostering relationships.
The periodic recurrence of permanent, pervasive sadness or other grief related feelings associated with a significant loss. - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic sorrow
Caregivers who deliver care skillfully and supportively are considered what type of caregiver? - CORRECT ANSWER Engaged
Caregivers who provide care only when necessary and encourage the patient to participate in decisions are considered what type of caregiver? - CORRECT ANSWER Conflicted
Caregivers who make the person being cared for primarily responsible for his own care and decisions are what type of care giver? - CORRECT ANSWER Distanced
The method of helping the patient to adapt to stressors, changes, or threats to his lifestyle - CORRECT ANSWER Coping enhancement
Examples of methods to assist in coping enhancement include - CORRECT ANSWER didactic exercises, feedback, counseling, boundary setting, detail planning, recognition of coping sabotage
The process of making it easier for a person to develop a positive outlook - CORRECT ANSWER Hope instillation
The development of a mutually beneficial relationship between the patient who has trouble relating and health care workers - CORRECT ANSWER Complex relationship building - goal to establish rapport
The enrichment of the patient's life through interactions with family, friends, and society - CORRECT ANSWER Support System Enhancement - have friends visit, peer support groups
The utilization of any resources, people, or events in the patient's setting that can enhance psychosocial functioning - CORRECT ANSWER Milieu Therapy
Milieu therapy includes - CORRECT ANSWER light-hearted atmosphere among the rehab nurses and patients, availability of resources and activities, pleasant use of sounds such as piped in music, tone of voice
Theory of health treatment that incorporates physical, psychological, and social aspects to achieve health and well-being. - CORRECT ANSWER Holism
An inner awareness and a relationship with a higher force - CORRECT ANSWER Spirituality
The non-physical aspects of a person that shape his relationships and emotions and includes memories, understanding and will. - CORRECT ANSWER Soul (related to spirituality)
Intangible life force of an individual - CORRECT ANSWER Spirit
The primary role of the nurse in regards to spirituality is - CORRECT ANSWER Presencing or just being there for support or through touch.
One of the best spiritual assessment tools is - CORRECT ANSWER SIBS - Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale which has patient evaluate 34 statements from strongly disagree to strongly agree
Name 5 nursing diagnosis related to a patient's sprituality - CORRECT ANSWER Difficulty making decisions, dysfunctional grieving, hopelessness, spiritual distress, readiness for enhanced spiritual well-being
What are effective tools for diffusing tension and grief momentarily? - CORRECT ANSWER Humor and laughter
Using various strategies to invoke previous pleasant memories - CORRECT ANSWER Reminiscence therapy
Bibliotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER Reading
The internal and conscious process of releasing negative attitudes and patterns and reestablishment of a feeling of wholeness - CORRECT ANSWER Healing
One crucial component toward healing is - CORRECT ANSWER forgiveness (pardoning oneself and others)
Self-hypnosis, prayer recitation, deep-breathing, muscle relaxation are types of - CORRECT ANSWER relaxation exercises
At 4 months old, an infant can - CORRECT ANSWER laugh, voice vowel and some consonants, repetitive babble
At what age can an infant understand a few words and has partially intelligible speech? - CORRECT ANSWER 8 months to 1 year
Semantic language or substantive word stage is at what age? - CORRECT ANSWER 18 - 36 months
At what age can children able to understand syntax - CORRECT ANSWER Age 3
The most basic level of language which includes routine responses such as prayers or curse words is called - CORRECT ANSWER Automatic language
What type of language is the highest form and involves independent creative intention and application of rules? - CORRECT ANSWER Symbolic Language
Which hemisphere of the brain controls language functions or linguistics? - CORRECT ANSWER left hemisphere
Which part of neuroanatomy relates visual impressions to the spoken word? - CORRECT ANSWER Angular gyrus located at the temporoparietal occipital intersection
Which part of neuroanatomy is responsible for sound pattern recognition? - CORRECT ANSWER Wernicke's area
Learning a second language would utilize which brain region? - CORRECT ANSWER Broca's area
Any type of linguistic deficit precipitated by brain damage - CORRECT ANSWER Aphasia
Individuals who do not have fluent speech, and impaired ability to read, write, repeat, and name objects have what type of aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWER Broca's aphasia
Ability to speak with ease and use proper syntax but use incorrect words, nonsense words and phrases and have loss of visual fields. - CORRECT ANSWER Wernicke's aphasia
Marked incapacity to comprehend verbal and written language or write - CORRECT ANSWER Global or total aphasia
Diarrhea, dependent edema, diuretics, diabetes insipidus, wound exudate, excessive sweating are all causes of? - CORRECT ANSWER Extracellular fluid loss
Put in correct order for extracellular fluid deficit process:
Rise in Serum Sodium Level,
Kidneys Retain Water,
Increased concentration of dilutes in blood,
Loss of Body Fluids,
Increased Water Intake,
H2O molecules shift out of cells,
Thirst - CORRECT ANSWER 1)Loss of Body Fluids
2)Increased concentration of dilutes in blood
3)Rise in Serum Sodium Level
4)H2O molecules shift out of cells
5)Kidneys retain water
6)Thirst
7)Increased water intake
One of the major hormones involved in regulation of extracellular fluids. Promotes reabsorption of water (water follows sodium). Assists in maintenance of blood volume and pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER Aldosterone
Hormone involved in regulation of intracellular fluids. Produced by pituitary gland. Stimulates reabsorption of fluids. Secretion of it increases when blood is concentrated like in dehydration. - CORRECT ANSWER ADH Antidiuretic Hormone
Assessment of your patients when monitoring fluid regulation should include? - CORRECT ANSWER Lab values, weight, vital signs, breath sounds, fluid intake, elimination patterns
In dehydration pt may complain of what? - CORRECT ANSWER Weakness, dry mouth
S/S dehydration to look for? - CORRECT ANSWER Irritability and confusion, dizziness, weight loss, thirst, fever, poor skin turgor, decreased urine output
Pt's with diabetes insipidus are at risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER Dehydration because brain fails to secrete ADH resulting in excessive diuresis.
Easy to miss because they will have plentiful dilute urine (instead of decreased urine) until situation is advanced.
Lab values indicative of dehydration are: - CORRECT ANSWER These 3 together:
Elevated serum osmolality of >300, elevated serum sodium >145, urine specific gravity >1.030.
Elderly are at risk for dehydration because? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)Lower body/water content 2)decreasing kidney function
3)Diminished ability to sense thirst
Pt's with diabetes insipidus and the elderly are at risk of dehydration. Who else is at risk? - CORRECT ANSWER Confused or dependent patients, pt's with dysphagia, any other on highly concentrated enteral feelings without supplemental water.
Pt's with dehydration/hypovolemia will demonstrate the following signs and symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Deterioration in mental status, thirst, tachycardia, longer capillary refill times, orthostatic hypotension, dropping urine output, cool pale skin on arms and legs, rapid weight loss.
Deterioration in mental status, thirst, tachycardia, longer capillary refill times, orthostatic hypotension, dropping urine output, cool pale skin on arms and legs, rapid weight loss are s/s of what? - CORRECT ANSWER Dehydration/hypovolemia
Untreated dehydration/hypovolemia progresses to what? - CORRECT ANSWER Shock
Lab values in untreated hypovolemia/dehydration may indicate what? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)normal to elevated serum sodium levels (varies w/ the amt of fluid and sodium loss)
2)increased or normal hematocrit levels
3)elevated blood urea nitrogen levels
4)elevated urine specific gravity [Show Less]