CRRN Exam 98 Questions with Verified Answers
Which set of spinal nerves supplies motor control to the legs? - CORRECT ANSWER Lumbar 1-5
Which spinal
... [Show More] tracts relay messages of light touch? - CORRECT ANSWER Ventral spinothalmic tracts
Which dermatome provides sensory feedback to the top surface of the forearm? - CORRECT ANSWER C6
What is the impact of the sympathetic nervous system on the respiratory system? - CORRECT ANSWER Relaxation of the bronchials
Which two factors influence gas exchange in the respiratory system? - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary circulation and ventilation
Which of the following are very sensitive to small changes in PaCO2 in control responses to changes in CO2 levels in the blood? - CORRECT ANSWER Central chemoreceptors
Where is stool stored until just before defecation? - CORRECT ANSWER Sigmoid colon
How is reflux from the bladder to the kidneys anatomically prevented? - CORRECT ANSWER As the detrusor expands, it places pressure on the openings of the ureters.
Which of the following are not functions of skin? - CORRECT ANSWER Storage of Vit D is NOT a function of the skin.
Some functions of the skin are: significant in controlling the amount of evaporation of fluids, heat regulation and storage area for lipids, part of the immune system.
Which of the following actions will best facilitate wound healing? - CORRECT ANSWER Weight bearing activity
Neutral alignment with weak extremities supported describe therapeutic bed positioning strategies for patients with? - CORRECT ANSWER Stroke
Therapeutic bed positioning strategy for patients with stroke is? - CORRECT ANSWER Neutral alignment with weak extremeties supported.
Wet or gurgly sounding voice after eating is a symptom of problems during the ____phase of swallowing? - CORRECT ANSWER Pharyngeal phase of swallowing
During the pharyngeal phase of swallowing what is a symptom of a problem during this stage? - CORRECT ANSWER Wet or gurgly sounding voice after eating
What is the most reliable of valuation and predicting the patient's ability to protect the airway during swallowing? - CORRECT ANSWER Reflex cough test
The Reflex Cough Test is the most reliable evaluation in predicting the patient's ability to ____ __ _____during swallowing? - CORRECT ANSWER Protect the airway
What is the most common bowel elimination problem in patients with stroke? - CORRECT ANSWER Constipation
Expressive aphasia is also known as _____ aphasia. - CORRECT ANSWER Broca's aphasia
Mourning is a sign of depression in a patient with stroke. True or false. - CORRECT ANSWER False. Mourning is normal. Sleep disturbances, decreased energy and apathy are signs of depression in patients with stroke.
The mechanisms of recovery from traumatic brain injury are still somewhat unclear. True or false. - CORRECT ANSWER True
What Rancho level is a patient with brain injury who is able to follow simple commands and attend to task, but is confused and easily overloaded. - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho Level 5, confused-inappropriate
Tracking consistency of responses is particularly important when caring for patients at which Rancho Level? - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho Levels 1-3
It is appropriate to start using memory systems when caring for patients at which Rancho level? - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho Level 6
The definition of cognitive strategic control is? - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to sustain attention over time without distraction.
The ability to sustain attention over time without distraction is the definition of? - CORRECT ANSWER Cognitive strategic control
Patients taking Coumadin should be taught to avoid cranberry juice because it can increase the risk of what? - CORRECT ANSWER Severe bleeding
Errorless learning is most effective in helping those with _____ ______learn? - CORRECT ANSWER Brain injury
What is most effective in helping those with brain injury learn? - CORRECT ANSWER Errorless learning
Prospective memory is the ability to do what? - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to remember to do something in the future.
The ability to remember to do something in the future is known as? - CORRECT ANSWER Prospective memory
Continent elimination in confused patients with brain injury can be obtained by? - CORRECT ANSWER Using automatic behaviors and taking patients to a bathroom when behaviors indicate a need.
Using automatic behaviors and taking patients to a bathroom when behaviors indicate a need is a way to obtain continent elimination in what type of patient? - CORRECT ANSWER Confused patients with brain injury
True or false. Patients tend to have a depressed sexual drive following brain injury. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Protein malnutrition, poor healing of wounds, increased risk of infection all may be associated with negative _____ balance? - CORRECT ANSWER Negative nitrogen balance
Name three things that may be associated with negative nitrogen balance. - CORRECT ANSWER Protein malnutrition, poor healing of wounds, increased risk of infection.
Incomplete injury with intact motor function below the level of the lesion at grade 3 or higher describes a patient with an ASIA ____spinal cord injury. - CORRECT ANSWER ASIA D
An absence of reflex responses and flaccidity below the level of injury following spinal cord injury is known as ______. - CORRECT ANSWER Spinal shock
Spinal shock is an absence of _____responses and flaccidity _____the level of injury following spinal cord injury. - CORRECT ANSWER Absence of reflex responses and flaccidity below the level of injury.
Common problems during acute recovery from spinal cord injury are? - CORRECT ANSWER Paralytic ileus, stress ulcers, negative nitrogen balance.
Paralytic ileus, stress ulcers and negative nitrogen balance are common problems during acute recovery from ____? - CORRECT ANSWER Spinal cord injury
What percent of pulmonary function would you expect a person with a C-5 level spinal cord injury to regain? - CORRECT ANSWER 5%
A patient with injury ____T6 in _____ is at highest risk for orthostatic hypotension following spinal cord injury. - CORRECT ANSWER Injury above T6 in spinal shock
A patient with injury above T6 in spinal shock is at highest risk for ____following spinal cord injury. - CORRECT ANSWER Orthostatic hypotension
Which of the following is true of reflex neurogenic emptying patterns typically seen in patients with spinal cord injury above the T12-L1 level following resolution of spinal shock? - CORRECT ANSWER Absence of sensation and voluntary control
Expressive aphasia is also known as? - CORRECT ANSWER Broca's aphasia
Receptive aphasia is also known as? - CORRECT ANSWER Wernicke's aphasia
How severe is a brain injury considered to be if there is an 18 hour duration of posttraumatic amnesia? - CORRECT ANSWER Moderate brain injury
How severe is a brain injury considered to be if there less than an hour duration of posttraumstic amnesia? - CORRECT ANSWER Mild brain injury
Diabetes insipidus a known complication a brain injury is caused by what? - CORRECT ANSWER Brain does not secrete enough antidiuretic hormone and causes excessive diuresis, leading to dehydration.
Patient with brain injury that is able to follow simple commands and attend to task, but is confused and easily overloaded. What Rancho level? - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho level 5 (confused-inappropriate)
Tracking consistency of responses is particularly important when caring for patients at which Rancho levels? - CORRECT ANSWER Levels 1-3. Quality of responses indicate recovery of brain function.
Controlling the amount of environmental stimulation is important when caring for patients at which rancho level? - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho level 4 (confused-agitated)
Providing structure, repetition, consistency, and routine is important when caring for patients at which - CORRECT ANSWER Ranch Level 5 (when attention spans and memory begin to improve)
It is appropriate to start using memory systems when caring for patients at which Rancho level? - CORRECT ANSWER Rancho Level 6 (able to start using such tools with cuing and repetition at this level)
Cognitive strategic control is demonstrated by? - CORRECT ANSWER Sustained attention and the ability to change the focus of attention
Continent elimination in confused patients with brain injury can be obtained by? - CORRECT ANSWER Using automatic behaviors and taking patients to a bathroom when behaviors indicate a need. Restless, searching, and grabbing behaviors often indicate a need to use the bathroom. Patients will often automatically use the toilet when it is visible.
A negative nitrogen balance results for him? - CORRECT ANSWER Low protein levels slowing recovery processes, increasing the risk of infection, potential leading to respiratory distress.
Variable lower motor neuron deficits are associated with which of the following spinal cord injury syndromes? - CORRECT ANSWER Cauda equina injury
An absence of reflex responses and flaccidity below the level of injury following spinal cord injury is known as? - CORRECT ANSWER Spinal shock
Patients with injury above T6 and in spinal shock are at highest risk for orthostatic hypertension following spinal cord injury. What interventions can you take to prevent this? - CORRECT ANSWER Use of elastic stockings and abdominal binders to facilitate venous return, slowly acclimating the patient to upright positioning and having a plan for reclining in the event that blood pressure drops while upright.
What is true of reflex neurogenic emptying patterns typically seen in patients with spinal cord injury above the T12-L1 level following resolution of spinal shock? - CORRECT ANSWER Absence of sensation and voluntary control. The bulbocavernosus and anal reflexes are typically hyper active with reflex emptying occurring whenever stretch receptors are stimulated.
Which of the following describes suffering? - CORRECT ANSWER Severe mental stress
The team request equipment that is not covered by the patient's Insurance policy. What is the best action for the case manager to take? - CORRECT ANSWER Investigate alternative payment sources if they can justify need for the equipment
Assessment of the patient shows that verbalizations are slurred but accurate, and that comprehension is accurate. What communication problem does the patient have? - CORRECT ANSWER Dysarthria
The nurse is caring for a patient with paraplegia Who is starting community-level skill development, including self propelling of the wheelchair outside the unit. Which of the following should be in place before starting these activities? - CORRECT ANSWER Anti-tip bars
Which of the following is a patient at risk of developing due to immobility? - CORRECT ANSWER Hypercalcemia
Which wound is best managed by a transparent film dressing? - CORRECT ANSWER A dry, not-infected wound that needs a protective covering.
The patient is setting unrealistic goals regarding the recovery of his ability to walk and resists planning for equipment needs. What is the team's best intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER Encourage him to focus on current needs while waiting, so he is in optimum condition for recovery.
What is the goal of shaping a residual limb following amputation? - CORRECT ANSWER To avoid the development of skin folds that can lead to pressure and breakdown.
Which of the following is the most important reason that the nurse assesses family caregiver dynamics and function during the care of elderly patients? - CORRECT ANSWER Self-neglect occurs with the added burden of caring for a family member with disability.
Which of the following is not a key component of hardiness? - CORRECT ANSWER Self-responsibility is NOT. Commitment, Control and Challenge are key components of hardiness.
Which of the following nutrition problems should older adults be evaluated for? - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased absorption of nutrients.
What cues should the nurse provide to the patient with Parkinson's disease to improve safety during ambulation? - CORRECT ANSWER Look up and out, and walk as if marching.
Which of the following is a definition of an impairment, according to the World Health Organization? - CORRECT ANSWER A loss or abnormality
What type of nutritional support is likely to be needed in patients recovering from multiple trauma, spinal cord, or head injury? - CORRECT ANSWER Increased calorie, protein, B vitamins, vitamin C and zinc
Which of the following strategies is likely to be most successful in facilitating bowel continence in a patient with a global aphasia following a stroke? - CORRECT ANSWER Allowing ample time for toileting after eating breakfast or matching typical premorbid evacuation time
The nurse is developing a plan to facilitate daily bowel movements for a patient with chronic constipation. Interventions include: prune juice and hot liquid with breakfast each morning; toilet before going to therapy. When should the nurse re-evaluate and make further adjustments to the bowel program? - CORRECT ANSWER After monitoring effectiveness for 5 to 7 days
What single self-care activity is highly effective in reducing the risk of stroke? - CORRECT ANSWER Exercise
What Act passed in 1935 that defined rehabilitation? - CORRECT ANSWER Social Security Act
Which theory indicates a need for nursing when the need for adaptation exceeds a person's ability to adapt? - CORRECT ANSWER Roy
The nurse is teaching the patient about eating a high fiber diet. Which of the following is a true statement? - CORRECT ANSWER 3 to 4 cups of fresh fruit and vegetables per day provide about 6-8 grams of fiber.
What positions should be avoided for about 2 to 3 months following total hip arthroplasty surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER Hip adduction and rotation with flexion limited to 90 degrees.
What is the purpose of standards for case management? - CORRECT ANSWER To stimulate development of the practice and provide a basis for a evaluation of practice.
Who sees nursing as an interactive endeavor and which nurses share their knowledge of nursing and the patient shares knowledge of self as they work together toward goal attainment? - CORRECT ANSWER King
What are the personal biases and assumptions brought to the table by individual team members called? - CORRECT ANSWER Mental models
What step is next once an ethical issue has been identified, and the views and proposals of all stakeholders presented? - CORRECT ANSWER Consider and weigh the alternative courses of action
The nurse is discussing discharge planning with a patient recovering from stroke who is anxious to return to work. He is unable to drive his car. Which of the following will be the LEAST likely transportation barrier for him? - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of legislation supporting the availability of accessible public transportation?
Which of the following health and wellness theories is based on the assumption that a person's beliefs and attitudes, influenced by person's competence in self-help management, are the main factors affecting health? - CORRECT ANSWER Self-efficacy
The nurse is caring for a patient with body image disturbance following a motor vehicle accident. What interventions are most appropriate in assisting the patient to integrate a new positive body image? - CORRECT ANSWER Assist with grooming and dressing in an attractive manner and monitor responses of visitors and family.
Maria had a right hemisphere middle cerebral artery stroke. Which of the following best provides evidence to the nurse that Maria's daughter has learned enough about her care to critically think through the patient's situation and appropriately solve problems? - CORRECT ANSWER She has trained a neighbor to watch her mother via video cam and to assist as needed during the hour when she has to run her children to afterschool activities.
While the nurse is caring for a patient post-stroke with a newly prescribed antihypertensive, the patient complains of dizziness on sitting up. What should the nurse do prior to transferring her to the wheelchair? - CORRECT ANSWER Elevate the head of the bed for several minutes and assist to flex legs and rotate ankles.
Which theorist views humans and the environment as energy fields that are intertwined and irreducible, requiring that people be viewed in the context of the environment, and that change is considered an in undirectional with a person becoming more complex with repatterning of behaviors? - CORRECT ANSWER Martha Rogers
What is the cause of alveolar hypoventilation and restrictive lung disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased expansion of the lungs
Which of the following outcome tools is appropriate for pediatric settings? - CORRECT ANSWER WeeFIM
Which of the following is a core value of the specialty of rehabilitation nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER An emphasis on the interactions with patients that respect their intrinsic worth.
Which of the following is true regarding Medicare part A? - CORRECT ANSWER It is a compulsory hospital insurance program for workers over the age of 65.
Your physician indicates he will prescribe a medication to improve contractility of the patient's bladder. Which medication is he likely to prescribe? - CORRECT ANSWER Bethanecol
The nurse spends extra time explaining the differences in different levels of post-acute care to make sure that the family can make a fully-informed decision. Which moral principle is supported? - CORRECT ANSWER Autonomy [Show Less]