Priority 1 - ANSWER-One that could cause an injury which would result in death, brain damage, permanent paralysis, loss of vision or a limb, or the
... [Show More] destruction of an organ.
Four major causes of Priority 1 - ANSWER-Falls to hard underlying surfaces; entanglement of clothing, strings, or ropes; head entrapment in equipment openings; and impact by moving or tipped apparatus
Methods Used to Determine Shock Absorbency - ANSWER-200g maximum and 1000 HIC maximum
Priority 2 - ANSWER-Any condition which can cause serious or non-disabling injury.
Projection - ANSWER-Condition which, due to its physical nature, must be tested to the requirements of this standard to determine whether it is a protrusion or entanglement hazard, or both.
Entanglement - ANSWER-Condition in which the user's clothes or something around the user's neck becomes caught or entwined on a component of playground equipment; Examples include bolt ends that extend more than two threads beyond the face of the nut and open S type hooks.
Entrapment - ANSWER-Any condition which impedes withdrawal of a body or body part that has penetrated an opening; No opening may measure between three and one-half inches and nine inches
Protective Barrier - ANSWER-Enclosing device around an elevated surface that prevents both inadvertent and deliberate attempts to pass through the device.
Protrusion - ANSWER-Projection which, when tested in accordance with the requirements of this standard, is found to be a hazard having the potential to cause bodily injury to a user
who impacts it.
ASTM F1292 - ANSWER-Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials Within the Use Zone of Playground Equipment
ASTM 1951 - ANSWER-Specification for Determination of Accessibility of Surface Systems Under and Around Playground Equipment
ASTM F1487 - ANSWER-Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use
5th percentile - ANSWER-2-year-old
95th percentile - ANSWER-12-year-old
CCA - ANSWER-Chromated copper arsenate
The designer or manufacturer of each play structure shall provide to the owner/operator - ANSWER-Clear and concise inspection, maintenance, and
repair instructions, including, but not limited to, what, when, and how to inspect, maintain, and repair.
The owner/operator shall establish and maintain detailed - ANSWER-Installation, inspection, maintenance, and repair records for each public-use playground equipment area
Posting of signs and/or labels shall be the responsibility of the - ANSWER-Owner/operator of the play equipment.
The information regarding the intended ages of users shall be provided by - ANSWER-The manufacturer, designer, or consultant
Information communicated on the sign or label, or both, shall address but not be limited to the following - ANSWER-Age appropriateness, supervision recommendation, removal of helmets, drawstrings or accessories around the neck, hot play surfaces and/or surfacing, when applicable, hazard of play equipment located over hard surfaces, when applicable
All play structures and composite play structures shall
be required to have the manufacturer's - ANSWER-Identification
Toddlers - ANSWER-6 months through 23 months
Pre-school age - ANSWER-Ages 2 through 5
School age - ANSWER-Ages 5 through 12
Pre-school — Ages 2-5 years - ANSWER-Certain climbers, Horizontal ladders less than or equal to 60" high for ages 4 and 5, Merry-go-rounds, Ramps, Rung ladders, Single file step ladders, Slides, Spiral slides up to 360°, Spring rockers, Stairways, Swings - belt, full bucket seats (2-4 years) & rotating tire
School-age — Ages 5-12 years - ANSWER-Arch climbers, Chain or cable walks, Free standing climbing events with flexible parts, Fulcrum seesaws, Ladders - Horizontal, Rung, and Step, Overhead rings, Merry-go-rounds, Ramps, Ring treks, Slides, Spiral slides more than one 360° turn, Stairways, Swings - belt and rotating tire, Track rides, Vertical sliding poles
Concrete, asphalt, or packed earth are not acceptable as surfaces under playground equipment are - ANSWER-not acceptable as surfaces under playground equipment.
Engineered wood fiber, wood mulch, shredded rubber, rubber tiles, poured-in-place rubber, sand, and pea gravel - ANSWER-offer protection as they cushion a fall.
Use zone - ANSWER-Protective surface zone under and around playground equipment where a child might fall.
Stationary play equipment use zone - ANSWER-Minimum of six feet in all directions
Slides higher than six feet use zone - ANSWER-Equal to the height of the platform or slide entrance
Swing use zone - ANSWER-Equal to two times the height of the pivots or swing hangers
Trip Hazards - ANSWER-Exposed components or items such as concrete borders, tree roots and stumps, rocks, and elevation changes are all common trip hazards
A "safe" playground - ANSWER-Scheduled and preventative maintenance must be present
Pinch, Crush, Shearing, and Sharp Edge Hazards - ANSWER-Components which have sharp edges or points that could penetrate the skin create this hazard. Moving parts, such as on seesaws, swings, suspension bridges, merry-go-rounds, and track rides, should have no visible moving parts that can crush, shear, or pinch a child's finger.
Guardrails - ANSWER-prevent accidental falls from playground equipment
Guardrails are required for pre-school children - ANSWER-Equipment higher than 20"
Protective barriers are required for pre-school children - ANSWER-Platforms higher than 30"
Equipment Not Recommended for Public Playgrounds. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) - ANSWER-Examples are heavy swings or multiple occupancy gliders or swings, free swinging ropes, and swinging exercise rings and trapeze bars
A completely bounded opening is tested by - ANSWER-First inserting the torso probe to a depth of 4 inches or more. If the torso probe can be inserted, then the head probe must also pass through the opening. If it doesn't pass through, the opening fails and it is considered a head entrapment.
A flexible opening is tested by - ANSWER-First attempting to insert the torso probe. If the probe passes through the opening, using a force of 50 pounds, then the head probe must also pass through or the opening fails
Completely bounded openings with an opening between the bottom edge of the equipment and the protective surface are - ANSWER-Exempt from the head entrapment criteria
Critical height is defined as - ANSWER-The maximum fall height from which a life threatening head injury would not be expected to occur. The purpose of critical height ratings is to approximate the maximum fall height that would not result in a life threatening head injury
Fall height is - ANSWER-The vertical distance between a designated play surface and the playground surface beneath it.
The responsibilities for conformance with critical height ratings are - ANSWER-Manufacturers and installers are responsible for providing critical height ratings for surface products; Owner/operators are responsible for having protective surfacing installed that meets the fall height requirements of the equipment
Critical height is determined by - ANSWER-The maximum peak deceleration before a debilitating head injury might occur is 200 g's. HIC, Head Injury Criteria, measures the time of deceleration. The value of the HIC must be less than 1000 to avoid a life threatening head injury
Crush or shear hazards could cause the user to have the following injuries: - ANSWER-Contusion, laceration, abrasion, amputation or fracture during the use of playground equipment
Crush and shear dowels - ANSWER-3/16", 5/16", and 5/8" and an articulated finger probe
Priority 3 - ANSWER-A condition which may cause slight injury; *a condition which may not have caused injury but does not meet the requirements in ASTMI F1487 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specifications for Playground Equipment for Public Use, and the 1997 CPSC Handbook for Public Playground Safety.
Fall Height - Swing - ANSWER-Height of pivot point
Fall Height -Elevated Platforms - ANSWER-Height of the platform
Fall Height -Upper Body Equipment - ANSWER-Maximum height of structure
Fall Height -Climbers - Free-Standing - ANSWER-Highest part of the climbing component
Fall Height -Climbers - Climbers - Access/Egress - ANSWER-Highest part of the climber intended for foot support
Fall Height -Climbers - Merry-Go-Rounds - ANSWER-Height of any part of perimeter on which child may sit or stand
Fall Height -See-Saws - ANSWER-Maximum height attainable by any part of the see-saw
Fall Height -Spring Rockers - ANSWER-Maximum height above the ground by seat or designated play surface
Fall Height -Balance Beams - ANSWER-Highest part of the walking surface
Fall Height -Sliding Poles - ANSWER-Platform when accessed from platform
Fall Height -Sliding Poles without Platform - ANSWER-60" below highest portion of pole
Fall Height -Sliding Poles without Platform - ANSWER-The highest point of the rolling part
Fall Height -Roofs - ANSWER-Have no fall height requirements
Use Zone - Stationary Equipment - ANSWER-Should extend a minimum of 6 feet from perimeter. May overlap if designated play surfaces are no more than 30 inches above the protective surfacing
Use Zone - Slides - ANSWER-No less than 6 feet from slide exit end; maximum 8 feet (CPSC - 14 feet maximum); No overlap. 6 feet around all other sides.
Use Zone - Single Axis Swings - ANSWER-Two times height of pivot point to surface front and back and 6 feet at either end. Ends may overlap.
Use Zone - Multi-Axis Swings - ANSWER-Six feet from pivot point plus length of suspending member, 6 feet at the ends. Ends may overlap.
What is the minimum height of the upper rail for barriers for children 5-12? - ANSWER-38"
What is the minimum height for the upper rails of guardrails on equipment designed for children ages 5-12? - ANSWER-38"
What is the maximum height of an elevated structure designed for children ages 2-5 before it requires barriers? - ANSWER-30"
The size of the crush/shear test probe on an opening with movement is what? - ANSWER-5/8"
What is the correct diameter of the crush/shear test probe on a merry-go-round? - ANSWER-5/16"
What is the maximum height that an elevated structure for children 5-12 can be without having barriers? - ANSWER-48"
What is the maximum height that a structure designed for children ages 5-12 can be before guardrails are required? - ANSWER-30"
What is the maximum height of an elevated structure designed for children ages 2-5 before it requires barriers? - ANSWER-30"
What is the minimum height of the upper rail of a barrier on equipment designed for children ages 2-5? - ANSWER-29"
What is the maximum height of the lower rail on a guardrail on equipment designed for children ages 5-12? - ANSWER-28"
On a piece of equipment designed for children aged 2-5, what is the maximum height of the lower rail of guardrail? - ANSWER-23"
On an elevated structure designed for children age 2-5, what is the maximum height allowed before guardrails are required? - ANSWER-20"
What is the diameter of the head probe? - ANSWER-9"
What is the minimum insertion depth of a torso probe? - ANSWER-4"
What is the required thickness of a torso probe? - ANSWER-3.5"
The rungs on a rigid climbing apparatus should have a maximum diameter of what? - ANSWER-1.55"
What should be the minimum diameter of the rungs on a rigid climbing apparatus? - ANSWER-.95"
The test probe on a partially - bounded opening should have a minimum insertion depth of - ANSWER-3/4"
What is the correct size of t [Show Less]