CPN Study Questions 1-100 with Answers 2023/2024 New Guide.
A 6-week-old male infant is brought into the ED by his mother. He has a weeklong history
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progressively worsening emesis that is projectile in nature. What is his most likely diagnosis?
A. Intussusception.
B. Appendicitis.
C. Pyloric stenosis.
D. Pancreatitis. - C: Projectile vomiting in a 6 week-old male is the classic presentation for
pyloric stenosis,
obstruction of the pyloric sphincter between the gastric pylorus and the small intestine, caused
by
hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the circular muscle of the pylorus, which obstructs the
sphincter.
An 8-year-old male has contracted chicken pox (varicella virus). With which of the following
family members can the child have contact?
A. 20-year-old aunt on chemotherapy.
B. 35-year-old uncle with HIV.
C. 95-year-old grandfather on long-term steroid therapy.
D. 2-year-old brother who has never had varicella but has had the vaccine - D: The 2-year-old
brother, who has had the vaccine, is likely immune to varicella, so contact
is safe. All of the other relatives have some form of immunosuppression from infection (HIV) or
medications (chemotherapy and steroids) and should avoid contact with the patient
A 5-year-old girl has a fever, headache, and complaints of a stiff neck. The physician suspects
bacterial meningitis. What is the best test culture site to detect the bacteria?
A. Lumbar puncture.
B. Clean catch urine.
C. Blood culture.
D. Nasal swab. - A: Lumbar puncture is the method of choice for detecting the bacteria causing
bacterial
meningitis and sending a sample for culture, as meningitis infects the meninges and bacteria is
present in the cerebrospinal fluid.
A 2-year-old child has severe dental caries in the upper and lower front teeth, posterior
aspects.
What is the most likely cause for this type of caries?
A. Lack of fluoridation in the water.
B. Sleeping with water in a nighttime bottle.
C. Low carbohydrate diet.
D. Sleeping with sugared liquid in nighttime bottle - D: Caries in the posterior front teeth is a
sign of sleeping with sugared drinks in the
nighttime bottle (such as juice) because fluid pools in the mouth when the child falls to sleep.
***Which of the following patients will likely need surgical correction of his/her fracture?***
A. 10-year-old with humeral head fracture.
B. 5-year-old with tuft fracture of the distal phalanx.
C. 4-year-old with tuft fracture of the toe.
D. 16-year-old with radial head fracture. - A: Humeral head fractures usually need open
reduction and internal fixation to maintain
proper future functioning. Distal phalanx and toe fractures are treated with splints and fracture
of
the radial head with a sling.
An infant with a chronic respiratory condition should be offered all of the following vaccines
EXCEPT:
A. Hepatitis A.
B. Hepatitis B.
C. Hepatitis C.
D. Influenza. - C: A vaccine for Hepatitis C does not currently exist. Hepatitis A, hepatitis B and
influenza
vaccines are all recommended for the infant
A 14-year-old boy with leukemia is receiving an IV infusion of packed red blood cells. The client
reports that he is feeling anxious and short of breath even though his respiratory rate is 24.
What should the nurse do in this situation?
A. Give a dose of ibuprofen (Motrin).
B. Give a dose of acetaminophen (Tylenol).
C. Give a dose of diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
D. Stop infusion and notify physician. - D: Anxiety and the sensation of breathlessness are signs
of possible anaphylactic shock, a
reaction to the packed red blood cells, so the nurse should stop the infusion immediately and
notify
the physician.
As part of counseling for a 7-year-old child with mild persistent asthma, the nurse tells the
client's family that the most reliable indicator of worsening asthma is:
A. Coughing.
B. Fever.
C. Decreased peak flow.
D. Fatigue. - C: A decreased peak flow is the most reliable indicator that asthma may be
worsening. It is
therefore vital that the client's family know what the baseline is so that any deviation can be
quickly
addressed. Coughing and fever may trigger asthma, so peak flows should be monitored. Fatigue
may result from poor oxygenation but alone it is not a reliable indicator of worsening asthma. [Show Less]