CPA Exam – FAR QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
Cash Correct Answer: Money that is FREE and CLEAR and available to be spend in current
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Not Cash: Correct Answer: Security deposits & bond sinking funds
Three-Month Rule Correct Answer: Highly liquid securities with ORIGINAL maturity dates of three months or less are treated as cash.
Bad Debts - Direct Write-Off Method Correct Answer: - No entry for bad debts until customer actually defaults.
- At default, the cutomer's account is written off.
- Theoretically weak, matching issue
- Only allowed if bad debt expense is immaterial
Bad Debts - Allowance Method Correct Answer: Income Statement Approach
Balance Sheet Approach
Income Statement Approach Correct Answer: - Matching Concept
- Estimate of bad debt expense is based on the income statement
- Allowance account balance has no bearing on the amount of adjustment
Balance sheet reporting: Correct Answer: Accounts Receivable
Less: Allowance for bad debts
= Net realizable value of A/R
Balance Sheet Approach Correct Answer: - Estimate of bad debt expense is based on the balance sheet
- Period sales have no bearing on the amount of adjustment
Written-off account later collected Correct Answer: Reverse write-off entry. Collect as usual.
Assigning Accounts Receivable Correct Answer: - Assignment of A/R normally is done with recourse
- Assignment usually is done without notification to customers
Factoring Accounts Receivable Correct Answer: - With or without recourse.
Pledging A/R Correct Answer: - Use receivables as security for a loan
- Requires footnote disclosure
Noninterest-Bearing Notes Correct Answer: APB 21 requires interest to be inputed
- When a note is made under customary trade terms and is due in less than one year, there is no requirement to impute interest to that note.
Investments Correct Answer: - Held-to-Maturity
- Trading Securities
- Available-for-Sale Securities
Held-to-Maturity Securities Correct Answer: - Debt securities only
- Mgt has both intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity
- Classified on BS based on maturity date
- Carry on balance sheet at amortized cost
Trading Securities Correct Answer: - Equity or Debt securities held primarily for sale in the near term
- Classified on BS as current
- Carried on BS at FMV
- Unreal holding gains/losses belong on the income statement
Available-for-sale Securities Correct Answer: - Debt or Equity securities not classified as either HTM or Trading
- Debt is classified on BS by maturity date
- Equity securities are classified by mgt's intent
- Carried on BS at aggregate FMV
- Unreal G/L go directly to SH equity (other comprehensive income)
Derivatives Correct Answer: Investment that derives its value from something else (asset or liability)
Hedging Correct Answer: Strategy of investing in a derivative to counteralance the potential loss from another security or transaction
Non-Hedge Derivatives Correct Answer: - Record on BS as asset or liability at FMV
- Report unrealized G/L on IS
Fair Value Hedge Correct Answer: Protects against potential loss from the change in an asset's or liabilities's FMV
- Record on BS as asset or liability at fair market value
- Report unrealized holding G/L on IS
Cash-Flow Hedge Correct Answer: Protects against potential loss from an asset's or liability's future cash flow
- Record on BS as asset or liability
- Unreal G/L depend on whether hedge is effective
- Effective cash flow hedges counterbalance losses elsewhere
- Ineffective cash flow hedges are reported on the IS
Foreign currency hedges accounted for as FV hedges Correct Answer: - Foreign currency denominated firm commitment hedge
- Foreign currency available-for-sale securities hedge
Foreign currency hedges accounted for as CF hedges Correct Answer: - Foreign currency denominated forecasted transaction hedge
- Net investment in foreign operations hedge
Inventory Correct Answer: Property held for resale, property in the process of production, and property consumed in the process of production
Types of Inventory Accounts Correct Answer: Manufacturing
- Finished goods inventory
- Work-in-process inventory
- Raw materials inventory
Merchandising
- Property held for resale
Ownership Criteria Correct Answer: If merchandise is owned by a business enterprise on the last day of the fiscal year, regardless of location, the merchandise is included in ending inventory.
Goods on Consignment Correct Answer: Merchandise is always included in the consignor's ending inventory. The merchandise is not included in the ending inventory of the consignees.
Periodic Inventory System Correct Answer: If business entities elect to employ a periodic inventory system, the beginning inventory balance is reflected in the merchandise inventory account throughout the year.
Periodic Systems Correct Answer: - Specific Identification
- Weighted Average
- FIFO
- LIFO
Specific Identification Correct Answer: Somewhat large, distinguishable products
Weighted Average Correct Answer: The weighted average cost per unit must be calculated. The ending inventory valuation is equal to the number of units in ending inventory multiplied by the WA cost per unit. Likewise, the cost of goods sold for the period is equal to the number of units sold multiplied by the WA cost per unit.
Weighted Average Cost Per Unit = Correct Answer: Cost of Goods /
Number of Units
FIFO Correct Answer: Assumes ending inventory contains the most recentl [Show Less]