1. A college student drifting into a pleasant daydream while sitting at the back of class, three businesswomen having wine at a wine bar, and an actor
... [Show More] consulting a hypnotist to reduce stage fright are all a. experiencing the third-person experience. b. experiencing different states of consciousness. c. exhibiting unconscious drives for success. d. exhibiting narcissistic personalities. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Grand, Indeed! OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 2. While a college student spends a day exploring in a fully conscious state of mindfulness meditation, a man in a hospital lies deep in a coma after surviving a horrendous traffic accident. Both of these individuals are a. experiencing the third-person experience. b. experiencing different states of consciousness. c. exhibiting unconscious transference. d. exhibiting a non-REM sleep state. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Grand, Indeed! OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 3. To be conscious means a. that one is awake. b. that one is aware. c. that one is completely alert. d. none of these. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact 4. Consciousness consists of all of the following EXCEPT a. sensations and perceptions. b. altered states (ASCs). c. memories and feelings. d. artificial intelligence (AI). ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 1 contact: [email protected] 5. Which of the following consists of all the sensations, perceptions, memories, and feelings you are aware of at any instant? a. alertness b. personality c. consciousness d. intelligence ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact 6. We cannot know the first-person experience of a. lower animals, like bats or cats. b. primates other than humans. c. other humans. d. any of these organisms. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Concept 7. Regarding the first-person experience, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. We can learn a lot about humans and other animals through an objective, third-person point of view. b. We cannot directly know the first-person experience of animals. c. We cannot know the first-person experience of other persons. d. The difficulty of knowing other minds is why introspection replaced behaviorism early in psychology’s history. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 8. The difficulty of knowing other minds is why the technique of introspection was replaced with more objective measures by the early a. psychoanalysts. b. behaviorists. c. humanists. d. structuralists. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact 9. The difficulty of knowing other minds is why the early behaviorist replaced which of the following with more objective measures? a. introspection 2 b. stimulus control c. conditioning d. response chaining ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 10. Because the mind and consciousness are fundamentally first-person phenomena, the basic challenge of understanding the brain and behavior is to use __________ studies. a. intuitive b. subjective c. objective d. parapsychology ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.1 KEY: Fact 11. We spend most of our lives in a state of consciousness that is organized, meaningful, and clear and is referred to as a. a state of ASCs. b. waking consciousness. c. an altered state of consciousness. d. microsleeps. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Fact 12. When a person is in a state of clear, organized alertness and perceives times, places, and events as real, meaningful, and familiar, he or she is said to be a. in waking consciousness. b. experiencing a state similar to non-REM. c. experiencing sensory overload. d. in an altered state of consciousness. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept 13. Long-distance running, listening to music, sleep, and daydreaming are just some of the everyday ways to produce a. preconsciousness. b. altered states of consciousness. c. sensory enhancement. d. simulated information processing. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept 3 14. The low levels of awareness associated with strokes and other forms of brain damage are examples of a. preconsciousness. b. altered states of consciousness. c. sensory gating. d. simulated states of consciousness. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 15. During an altered state of consciousness, changes occur in the quality of mental activity as well as in which other aspect of mental activity? a. assimilation b. length c. pattern d. sensory gating ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 16. Psychologists identify a condition of awareness that is distinctly different in quality or pattern from waking consciousness as a. preconsciousness. b. simulated information processing. c. an altered state of consciousness. d. sensory enhancement. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Fact 17. Regarding altered states of consciousness (ASCs), which of the following statements is FALSE? a. During an altered state of consciousness, there are distinct shifts in our memories, time sense, emotions, and suggestibility. b. “Highway hypnotism” on long drives is an example of an altered state of consciousness. c. Most people do not know when they have experienced an altered state of consciousness. d. Heightened self-awareness is an important feature of many ASCs. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 18. An important feature of many altered states of consciousness (ASCs) is a. a clarity of waking consciousness. b. heightened self-awareness. c. cataplexy. d. amnesia for the period of time that one is in this state. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 19. One thing that cocaine, “highway hypnosis,” high fever, and meditation all have in common is that they produce a. hypnagogic images. b. relaxation. c. euphoria. d. ASCs. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Concept 20. Regarding altered states of consciousness (ASCs), which of the following statements is FALSE? a. An unconscious person will die without constant care. b. Recently, scientists have been able to explain specifically how consciousness occurs. c. Most people know when they have experienced an altered state of consciousness. d. It is possible to identify various states of consciousness and to explore the role they play in our lives. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.2 KEY: Fact 21. During which ritual do several men sit in total darkness inside a small chamber heated by coals and chant rhythmically? a. Sioux sweat lodge ceremony b. Hindu mystics yoga practices c. ceremonies of the Whirling Dervishes of Turkey d. nightlong ritual of the Maori Tohunga in New Zealand ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.3 KEY: Fact 22. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the sweat lodge ceremony of the Sioux Indians? a. It is meant to cleanse the body and mind. b. It is performed in a dark coal-heated chamber. c. It often brings about an altered state of consciousness. d. It often causes a sensory overload that can lead to cataplexy. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 23. What do the Yoga practices of Hindu mystics, the dances of the Whirling Dervishes of Turkey, and the sweat lodge ceremony of the Sioux Indians all have in common? a. They are used as a rite of passage for the young men in each culture. b. They are all meant to cleanse the mind and body and bring about altered awareness and personal revelation. 5 c. They are all considered illegal practices in most Western cultures. d. They have all of these characteristics in common. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.3 KEY: Fact 24. Regarding altered states of consciousness, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Cultural conditioning affects what altered states we seek and attain. b. The meanings given to altered states have included signs of madness, spirit possession, and life-enhancing breakthroughs. c. Very few cultures or religions recognize and accept alterations of consciousness. d. Some people seek various altered states of pleasure, while others see altered states of consciousness as pathways to enlightenment. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness OBJ: 5.1.3 KEY: Fact 25. Each of us will spend approximately how many years of life asleep? a. five b. 15 c. 20 d. 25 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Fact 26. Regarding the state of sleep in humans, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. We are totally unresponsive while asleep. b. We can perform very simple tasks while asleep. c. We cannot learn complex skills while asleep. d. We can respond to familiar sounds and words, such as our names, while asleep. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Concept 27. Regarding sleep, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. A good sleep helps people to remember what they learned the day before. b. Some people can learn very complex tasks while asleep, such as learning a foreign language. c. You are more likely to awaken if you hear your own name spoken instead of another name. d. Humans will spend approximately 25 years of their life asleep. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Concept 28. Which of the following could you learn to do in your sleep? a. math b. foreign language c. touch a switch on cue d. dream analysis 6 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Application 29. Regarding sleep, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Humans are unable to respond to environmental cues when asleep since sleep involves a complete loss of consciousness. b. Not all animals sleep. c. Dolphins are able to voluntarily breathe air and sleep without drowning by sleeping on just one side of the brain at a time. d. Sleep is an innate biological rhythm. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 30. Dolphins are able to sleep without drowning because they a. have gills, like fish do. b. have a special opening that allows air in but not water. c. sleep on just one side of their brain at a time. d. inflate their bodies before sleep, which maintains them floating upright so they can breathe without taking in any water. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Fact 31. Sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT for a. being an innate biological rhythm. b. being necessary for life in humans. c. giving way temporarily in times of great danger. d. being a total loss of consciousness. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Concept 32. Any repeating cycle of biological activity, such as sleep and waking cycles or changes in body temperature, is known as a(n) a. ASC. b. biological rhythm. c. condensation. d. REM rebound. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.1 KEY: Fact 33. A rare disease that prevents sleep a. often causes the person to develop manic-depression. 7 b. usually occurs in two-week intervals. c. usually occurs in combination with Alzheimer’s disease. d. always ends with stupor, coma, and death. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept 34. Being prevented from getting desired or needed amounts of sleep is known as a. hypersomnia. b. insomnia. c. sleep deprivation. d. sleep apnea. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Fact 35. Regarding people who have experienced extreme sleep deprivation, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Randy Gardner at age 17 holds the official Guinness Book record for sleep deprivation. b. After Randy Gardner went 264 hours without sleep, he needed three days of sleep to get over this 11-day sleep loss. c. Sleep deprivation competitions are no longer recognized by the Guinness Book due to possible health risks. d. With few exceptions, most people after four or more days of sleep loss would show hypersomnia, slurred speech, and increased pain sensitivity. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 36. Most symptoms of sleep deprivation a. are reversed by a single night’s rest. b. require a long period of bed rest for recovery. c. are irreversible. d. can be prevented by consuming caffeine. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept 37. After prolonged sleep deprivation, a person getting his or her first night of sleep will a. have difficulty sleeping. b. feel compelled to replace lost sleep by sleeping late for several days. c. find that most symptoms are reversed by a single night’s sleep. d. still feel badly for at least five days until the effect of sleep loss wears off. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's 8 OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept 38. Sleep loss can cause all of the following EXCEPT for a. slurred speech and inability to name common objects. b. decreased pain sensitivity. c. inability to concentrate or remember clearly. d. trembling hands, irritability, and staring. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept 39. LaMonte had trouble concentrating in class today. His roommate noticed that LaMonte’s hands are trembling; his speech is slurred; and he is having trouble even naming common objects. LaMonte is most likely suffering from a. sleep loss. b. somnambulism. c. lucid dreaming. d. narcolepsy. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 40. After even a few hours of sleep loss, most people experience excessive daytime sleepiness known as a. hypersomnia. b. somnambulism. c. insomnia. d. sleep apnea. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Fact 41. Because 15-year-old Lisa stays up late texting her friends and then gets up early for school, she tends to be very sleepy in class, a condition common to teenagers known as a. insomnia. b. narcolepsy. c. hypersomnia. d. hypnopompic conditioning. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Application 42. Rapid physical changes during puberty have what effect on the adolescent’s need for sleep? a. increases the adolescent’s need for sleep b. slightly decreases the adolescent’s need for sleep c. significantly decreases the adolescent’s need for sleep d. has no effect on the adolescent’s need for sleep ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's 9 OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 43. Regarding teenagers and sleep, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Rapid physical changes during puberty decrease the adolescent’s need for sleep. b. The quality of sleep time tends to decrease during the teen years. c. Hypersomnia is a common problem in adolescents. d. The quantity of sleep time tends to decrease during the teen years. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Fact 44. During the teen years, the quality and quantity of sleep time tends to a. increase. b. decrease. c. become more stable. d. show no change from childhood. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 45. You are studying for a string of five finals in a row, and you haven’t slept in the last two days. You will probably a. have trouble paying attention and have drooping eyelids. b. have trouble doing interesting and complex mental tasks. c. have increased pain tolerance. d. exhibit all of these characteristics. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Application 46. If you suffered a couple of days of sleep deprivation, which of the following would most likely occur? a. hallucinations and delusions b. loss of ability to pay attention and perform simple routine tasks c. loss of ability to do interesting and complex mental tasks d. decreased pain sensitivity ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 KEY: Concept 47. Which of the following is NOT a common reaction to a sleep loss of two days? a. trouble doing interesting and complex mental tasks. b. trouble doing simple or boring routines c. increased pain sensitivity d. more susceptible to microsleeps ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 / 5.2.3 KEY: Fact 48. Regarding the function of sleep and the effects of sleep loss, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. If you lose just one hour of sleep a night, it can affect your mood, memory, ability to pay attention, and even your health. 10 b. Most people who have not slept for a day or two can still do interesting or complex mental tasks. c. Brief shifts in brain activity to the pattern normally recorded during sleep are called sleep apneas. d. Coffee can help sleepiness, but if one is struggling to stay awake while driving, it is best to stop and take a short nap. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.2 / 5.2.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 49. As he drives to work, Gerald experienced a momentary shift in brain wave activity to the pattern normally recorded during sleep. Gerald just experienced a. a REM rebound. b. hypnopompic sleep. c. a microsleep. d. waking sleep. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.3 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 50. Microsleep would most likely occur a. during Stage 3 sleep. b. just before one awakens in the morning. c. during sensory restriction treatment. d. due to sleep deprivation. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.3 KEY: Concept 51. Regarding sleep loss and microsleeps, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. If a task is monotonous, no amount of sleep loss is safe from the occurrence of microsleeps. b. A hundred thousand automobile crashes every year are caused by sleepiness. c. Even if your eyes are open, you can fall asleep for a few seconds. d. Lower animals, such as dogs, cats, and rats do not experience microsleep, only humans do. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.3 KEY: Fact 52. Many automobile accidents are thought to occur during momentary shifts in brain activity called a. REM sleep. b. non-REM sleep. c. microsleep. d. sleep spindles. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.3 KEY: Application 11 53. You are struggling to stay awake while driving and realize that you may have “dozed off” for a few seconds. This shift in your brain activity is called a. a sleep spindle. b. a microsleep. c. somnambulism. d. a sensory deprivation. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.3 KEY: Application 54. Lowering body and brain activity and metabolism during sleep may help conserve energy and lengthen life, according to which theories of sleep? a. activation-synthesis b. repair/restorative c. sensory gating d. neurocognitive ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 55. According to the repair/restorative theories, sleep does all of the following EXCEPT a. regulate the immune system. b. regulate body temperature. c. increase metabolism. d. aid in the development and repair of brain. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZ's OBJ: 5.2.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 56. Regarding the repair/restorative theories of sleep, which of t [Show Less]