3. A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks the healthcare professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is
... [Show More] best?Midterm Exam 3. A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks the healthcare professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is best? To measure the volume and flow rate during forced expiration 6. What is the second most commonly recognized genetic cause of intellectual disability? Fragile X syndrome is the second most common genetic cause of intellectual disability? (after Down syndrome). 10. Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell? Glycolysis 16. A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the pathophysiologic process of alcoholic cirrhosis. What statement by the professional would not be consistent with complete knowledge about this process? Inflammation and damage leading to cirrhosis begin in the bile canaliculi. 17. The pathophysiologic process of edema is related to which mechanism? Lymphatic obstruction 18 How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity? Angiotensin II activity is elevated 19. A student asks the professor to explain what effect natriuretic peptides have during heart failure when the heart dilates. Which response by the professor is best? Inhibits renin and aldosterone 20. When renin is released, it is capable of which action? formation of angiotensin 21. What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls 23. What mechanisms occur in the liver cells as a result of lipid accumulation? Increased synthesis of triglycerides from fatty acids and decreased synthesis of apoproteins 26. A patient has a serum sodium level of 165 mEq/L. The healthcare professional This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ contact: [email protected] explains that the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage, and coma are caused by what mechanism? High Na in the vessel pulls water from the cell >cell shrinks 33. A pregnant woman has Graves’ disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional advise the woman about? Blood test for hyperthyroidism 34. A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a delay in electrical activity reaching the ventricle as seen on ECG. What ECG finding would the healthcare professional associate with this problem? PR interval measuring 0.28 sec 36. A patient has diabetes mellitus. A recent urinalysis showed increased amounts of protein. What therapy does the healthcare provider educate the patient that is specific to this disorder? Treat with ACE 40. A patient has a peptic ulcer related to h. pylori bacteria. What treatment does the healthcare professional educate the patient on? Antibiotic therapy 41. A patient in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should the healthcare professional assess for? Hypersecretion of aldosterone 45. Which statement made by a student indicates the healthcare professional needs to describe the pericardium again? The pericardium protects the heart against infection and inflammation 47. A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional assess for pulmonary emboli (PE) as the priority? Deep venous thrombosis 50. What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)? Reduction in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on cell surfaces 54. What is the cause of functional dysphagia? Neural or muscular disorders 65. A healthcare professional wants to determine the adequacy of a person's alveolar ventilation. What assessment finding is most important for the professional to consider? Arterial blood gas shows a PaCO 2 of 44 mmHg. This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ 68. A patient's urinalysis came back positive for glucose. What does the healthcare professional expect the patient's blood glucose to be at a minimum? 180 Urine will be positive for glucose when the glucose is above the normal reabsorptive capacity of the kidneys, which corresponds to 180mg/100ml of blood 70. The healthcare professional explains to a student that the amount of volume of blood in the heart is directly related to the _____ of contraction. Strength 80. The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells? Fibroblast cells 81. A healthcare professional tells the student that a properly placed endotracheal tube for mechanical ventilation is 5 to 7 cm above the tracheal bifurcation. Where does this bifurcation occur? Carina 82. Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by which mechanism? Decreasing surface tension in the alveoli 83. A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with a gunshot wound to the chest. The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the priority? Assist with a chest tube insertion. 88. Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the antigen? Foreignness 91. What is the most important cause of pulmonary artery constriction? Low alveolar PO2 (PAO2) 93. Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which structure? Receptors 95. During cell injury caused by hypoxia, why does an increase in the osmotic pressure within the cell occur? Sodium chloride enters the cell.. This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ 98. A patient reports dumping syndrome after a partial gastrectomy. What does the healthcare professional teach this patient? Eat small, frequent high-protein meals. 99. Once they have penetrated the first line of defense, which microorganisms do natural killer (NK) cells actively attack? Viruses 1. The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells? Platelets 10. Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion, as well as decreases the release of gastrin? Somatostatin 18. Which hormone is required for water to be reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct?Antidiuretic hormone 19. The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node because of what reason? It depolarizes more rapidly than other automatic cells of the heart. 22. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone? Increased retention of water . 28. What is the most important cause of pulmonary artery constriction? . Low alveolar partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2) 29. A person has acne, easy bruising, thin extremities, and truncal obesity. The healthcare professional assesses the person for which of these? Use of glucocorticoids 36. Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion? Being treated for small cell carcinoma of stomach. 39. A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient should the professional assess for hyperkalemia? Renal failure 40. What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora? Metabolizing bile salts, estrogens, and lipids This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ 52. Vaccinations are able to provide protection against certain microorganisms because of what? IgG protections 58. A student learns what information about acute pancreatitis? Pancreatic enzymes autodigest pancreatic cells and tissues. 60. The healthcare professional working with older adults teaches general infectionprevention measures as a priority for this age group due to which change in lymphocyte function? Increased production of antibodies against self-antigens 66. A patient has a history of excessive use of magnesium-containing antacids and aluminum-containing antacids. What lab value does the healthcare professional correlate to this behavior? Phosphate 1.9 mg/dL 72. The student asks the healthcare professional to explain how pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis cause hypoxemia. What description by the professional is best? It impairs alveolocapillary diffusion 77. What is apoptosis? Normal mechanism for cells to self-destruct when growth is excessive 78. Free radicals play a major role in the initiation and progression of which diseases? Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease 82. A pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional advise the woman about? Blood test for hyperthyroidism 92. Which statement is true about phagocytosis? Phagocytosis involves the ingestion of bacteria. 96. What is the process that ensures mitral and tricuspid valve closure after the ventricles are filled with blood? Increased pressure in the ventricles pushes the valves to close. This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ 99. What is the major determinant of the resistance that blood encounters as it flows through the systemic circulation? Muscle layer of the arterioles This study source was downloaded by 100000849816735 from CourseHero.com on 01-01-2023 21:13:02 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/collection/70072299/Condensed-Midterm-Exam2docx/ Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org [Show Less]