CHAPTER 1
1. Define Community, population, key terms -
● Community
○ collection of people who interact with one another and whose common
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or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity and belonging
○ Open social system that is characterized by people in a place who have common
goals over time
○ People and the relationships that they form with others as they develop and use
common agencies and institutions and share a physical environment
○ Example: City, neighborhood, classmates, college.
○ a group or collection of locality-based individuals
■ Interacting in social units
■ Sharing common interests
■ Characteristics
■ Values
■ Goals
● Population
○ typically used to denote a group of people having common personal or
environmental characteristics.
○ It can also refer to all of the people in a defined community
2. Know Public Health Assumptions????
● Public health assumes that it is society’s responsibility to meet the basic needs of the
people.
● Thus there is a greater need for public funding of prevention efforts to enhance the health
of our population.
3. Know core Public Health Functions -- BOX 1-1
● Assessment:
○ Regular collection, analysis, and information sharing about health conditions,
risks, and resources in a community
● Policy development:
○ Use of information gathered during assessment to develop local and state health
policies and to direct resources toward those policies
● Assurance:
○ Focuses on the availability of necessary health services throughout the
community. It includes maintaining the ability of both public health agencies and
private providers to manage day-to-day operations and the capacity to respond to
critical situations and emergencies
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4. Recognize examples of the 3 levels of prevention (Also in Ch. 26)
-Primary Prevention: prevent problems before they occur. Health promotion &
protection
•Activities designed to prevent a problem or disease before it occurs
•Strengthen the lines of defense
•Gen health promotion: nutrition, hygiene, exercise
•Specific health promotion -- IMMUNIZATIONS
•Health education program to teach children about the effects of smoking
•Meet the basic needs of the community in cost effective manner
-Secondary Prevention: Early detection & intervention. Early diagnosis & treatment.
•Early detection and TX
•Pap smear, Hearing and vision screenings
•TB test PKU, Breast cancer screening
•Influenza vaccination program in a nursing home
-Tertiary Prevention: Maximum level of wellness. Limitation of disability and rehab
•Disease has already caused damage
•Limit disability & rehab to max poss.
•Meals on wheels, rehab for stroke victims, Halfway houses, mental health counseling
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•School fire then [Show Less]