C++ Basics Tutorial
Welcome to this tutorial on C++ basics! In this tutorial, we will cover the basics of C++ programming, including how to write your
... [Show More] first program, types and variables, arrays, strings, control statements (if/else, for loop, while loop), and functions.
Let's start with an introduction to C++ programming. C++ is a popular programming language introduced by John Strawstrom in 1979. It was initially called "C with Classes" as it was an extension to the C language, but later renamed as C++. It is a general-purpose, case-sensitive language that is precompiled, meaning it converts the source code directly to machine-understandable code. It is an intermediate-level language as it contains both features of high-level and low-level languages. C++ supports the features of object-oriented programming, procedural programming, and functional programming as well.
Now, let's move on to our first program in C++, which is the "Hello World" program. In this program, "Hello World" is printed. It is a very basic program, and we are using the header file "iostream" to import the necessary features. The main function is used to execute the program, and we are printing "Hello World" using the "cout" function.
#include using namespace std;int main() { cout << "Hello World" << endl; return 0;}
Next, we will cover types and variables in C++. There are different types of data types that act as a keyword, such as boolean (for true/false values), character (for alphabets and symbols), integer (for integer values), and float (for decimal values). Variables are used to store values, and the syntax to define a variable is to mention the data type and the variable name.
Arrays are a collection of similar elements stored in contiguous memory locations. They make it possible to store multiple values of the same data type into a single variable. The syntax to declare an array is to mention the data type, the array name, and the number of elements inside the brackets.
Strings are a collection of characters and are used to represent text in the program. There are two ways to create a string: C-style strings and string objects. C-style strings are stored in the form of arrays, while string objects are implemented in the standard library and must be included in the program using "#include".
Control statements, such as if/else, for loop, and while loop, are used to run the code based on certain conditions. Functions are a group of statements designed to perform a specific task. They allow us to write code inside the function and use it every time we need it by calling the function from the main function. [Show Less]