CNPR Exam Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 Rated A+.
Margin of safety - ANSWER the difference between the usual effective dose and
... [Show More] the
dose that induces severe or life-threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ANSWER right patient, right medication, right does, right
route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - ANSWER intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous
intramuscular - ANSWER drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - ANSWER needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an
into space around the spinal cord
intravenous - ANSWER injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - ANSWER needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin
Bioavailablility - ANSWER how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended
target site of action
Bioequivalent - ANSWER when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but
also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ANSWER production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ANSWER Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears
urine feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - ANSWER failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ANSWER a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - ANSWER a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered drug with
liquid such as syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - ANSWER a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by many
others encased within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing medication over time
tablet - ANSWER pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered for
of a drug and bulk filling material under high pressure; commonly used for anti acids
and antiflatulents
Capsules - ANSWER medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an
external shell; can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - ANSWER several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve
at different rates
Enteric Coating - ANSWER dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the
stomach; only starts to digest in the intestines
caplets - ANSWER shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape and file
make swallowing easier
gel caps - ANSWER an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule
Emulsion - ANSWER two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - ANSWER control localized infections or inflammation and require very low
dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing - ANSWER OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - ANSWER exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic
effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - ANSWER results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - ANSWER These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ANSWER these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ANSWER These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ANSWER Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Excipients - ANSWER inactive ingredients
Parenteral - ANSWER intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - ANSWER suppository
Oral - ANSWER tablet, capsule, liquid
Transdermal - ANSWER through the skin via creams or patches
Binders - ANSWER cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ANSWER used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture and
consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - ANSWER added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ANSWER maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ANSWER help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - ANSWER ease the release of the tablets from the dies that stamp them
during the manufacturing process
AUC - ANSWER represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity of the drug
that appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ANSWER peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect - ANSWER metabolizing process in the liver that suppresses the
amount of drug that eventually reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action
onset of action - ANSWER the time it takes for a drug to start having any intended affect
after it is administered
Protein Binding - ANSWER the ability of certain drugs to bind to plasma protein
QD - ANSWER once a day
QID - ANSWER four times a day
PRN - ANSWER take as needed
TID - ANSWER three times a day [Show Less]