CHEM 103 Module 5 Notes Ionic bonding portage/Ionic Bonding
A bond is a pair of electrons sitting between two atoms with both
atoms attracting that pair
... [Show More] of electrons. It’s like two people holding a
stick between you, you are bonded by that object between you.
Atoms are rarely found in their elemental form, but are usually found
bonded to other atoms as part of compounds. A bond is composed of a
group of negatively-charged valence electrons between the atoms that
is simultaneously attracted by the positively-charged nuclei of both
atoms. Since the two atom nuclei are attracted to the same group of
electrons, they remain bonded together. Atoms bond because they are
more stable together, since energy is released in the bond-forming
exothermic reaction. Bonds are of two types which differ in the way the
valence electrons involved are arranged.
Ionic bond- a bond formed by electron transfer (simultaneous loss and
gain of electrons to form oppositely charged ions), these oppositely
charged ions then attract one another (one atom will lose electrons to
another. Once it has lost those electrons it has less electrons than
protons and has an excess of protons. The atom that loses the
electrons now has an excess positive charge and the atom that gains
the electron now has a negatively charged ion. The one that loses
electrons becomes a positive ion and the one that gains electrons
becomes a negative ion and because those two ions have opposite
charges they attract each other).
Covalent bond- a bond formed by electron sharing where the two atom.
Nuclei attract the same group of electrons, thus remaining bonded to
one another.
Ionic Bonding
In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from one atom (the metal)
to the other atom (the nonmetal) to form a positive ion (cation) from
the metal and a negative ion (anion) from the nonmetal which then
attract one another to form the ionic bond. The atoms that form which
then attract one another to form the ionic bond. The atoms that form
this type of bond have very different electro negatives (metals=low,
nonmetals=high). [Show Less]