Which assessment finding supports the belief that the patient is demonstrating a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
1. The patient states, "Nothing is
... [Show More] fun anymore."
2. The patient unable to decide on what foods to select for dinner.
3. The patient finds it difficult to sit quietly, stating, "I have to fidget."
4. The patient refuses to sleep because "I'll be abducted by the aliens."
5. The patient is unable to remember his or her personal telephone number.
A patient with schizophrenia who is experiencing symptoms of disorganized thinking would have the greatest difficulty when the nurse
1. Uses concrete language
2. Gives multistep directions
3. Interacts with a neutral attitude
4. Provides nutritional supplements
The parent of a child diagnosed with Tourette syndrome says to the nurse, "I think my child is faking the tics because they occur in different places at different times." Select the correct response by the nurse.
1. "Children diagnosed with Tourette syndrome often try to manipulate their caregivers by faking tics."
2. "The movements are real. Tics can occur anywhere in the body and can change in frequency and severity."
3. "Distract your child by planning activities with other children. That will help the tics stop permanently."
4. "This finding indicates a worsening of your child's disorder. Let's discuss this change with the health care provider."
What electrolyte imbalance can be seen in patients who have schizophrenia who are experiencing polydipsia?
1. Hypokalemia
2. Hypocalcemia
3. Hyponatremia
4. Hypercalcemia
During an assessment, the nurse finds that a patient says "wabbit" for "rabbit" and omits most of the sounds. Which neurodevelopmental disorder is the patient likely to have?
1. Learning disorder
2. Communication disorder
3. Intellectual development disorder
4. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
A child diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will demonstrate impaired development in
1. Adhering to routines
2. Eye-hand coordination
3. Swallowing and chewing
4. Playing with other children
The nurse believes a patient may have schizophrenia based on which signs and symptoms? Select all that apply.
1. Headaches
2. Depression
3. Incoherence
4. Hearing voices
5. Withdrawn behavior
A nurse works with a patient in the acute phase of schizophrenia. Which assessment findings increase the risk of aggression and violence? Select all that apply.
1. Paranoia
2. Flat affect
3. Poor hygiene
4. Delusional thinking
5. Command hallucinations
A nurse has to prepare a treatment plan for a patient with reduced nonverbal communication and reduced social relatedness. Which appropriate strategy should the nurse include in the treatment plan?
1. Change the patient's schedule frequently.
2. Avoid structured activities with the patient.
3. Avoid nonverbal communication with the patient.
4. Give a star to the patient when he or she learns a new skill.
Which factor can help explain why one child in a family might develop a mental disorder while another does not?
1. Culture
2. Genetics
3. Resilience
4. Environment
Which statement by a person with paranoid schizophrenia most clearly indicates that the antipsychotic medication is effective?
1. "My medicine is working fine. I'm not having any problems."
2. "I used to hear scary voices but now I don't hear them anymore."
3. "Sometimes it's hard for me to fall asleep, but I usually sleep all night."
4. "I think some of the staff members don't like me. They're mean to me."
Which of the following would indicate paranoia in a patient with schizophrenia?
1. Feelings of superiority to others
2. False perception of environment
3. Irrational fear of harm from others
4. Impaired ability to think abstractly
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia states, "My, oh my. My mother is brother. Anytime now it can happen to my mother." How will the nurse respond to the patient's statement?
1. "I will get you an as-needed medication for agitation."
2. "You are confused. I will take you to your room to rest awhile."
3. "You are having problems with your speech. You need to try harder to be clear."
4. "I'm sorry, I didn't understand that. Do you want to talk more about your mother as we did yesterday?"
Which of the following symptoms would alert a health care provider to a possible diagnosis of schizophrenia in a young adult patient?
1. Excessive sleeping with disturbing dreams
2. Command hallucinations to hurt roommate
3. Withdrawal from college because of failing grades
4. Chaotic and dysfunctional relationships with family and peers
A nurse is educating a patient's family about schizophrenia. What is the most appropriate advice the nurse can give to the patient's family? Select all that apply.
1. The nurse should advise them to adhere to the treatment plan.
2. The nurse should advise them to keep in touch with support groups.
3. The nurse should advise them to keep the patient in an isolated room.
4. The nurse should avoid mentioning the side effects of the drugs prescribed.
5. The nurse should advise them to immediately stop the medication if the patient's symptoms are relieved.
Which side effect of antipsychotic medication is generally nonreversible?
1. Dystonic reaction
2. Tardive dyskinesia
3. Pseudo-parkinsonism
4. Anticholinergic effects
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia is most likely to experience which type of hallucination?
1. Visual
2. Tactile
3. Auditory
4. Olfactory
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia was experiencing paranoid thinking. Which statement by this patient most clearly indicates the antipsychotic medication was effective?
1. "I think the staff wants to help me."
2. "I finished my project in arts and crafts group."
3. "A nurse on the night shift gave me too much medicine."
4. "I don't need to take medicine anymore. I do not have any problems."
The type of altered perception most commonly experienced by patients with schizophrenia is
1. Delusions
2. Illusions
3. Tactile hallucinations
4. Auditory hallucinations
The nurse is teaching a patient and the patient's family about first- and second-generation antipsychotics for schizophrenia. What will the nurse include in the teaching?
1. "Most people who take first-generation antipsychotics report fewer side effects."
2. "Second-generation antipsychotics are mostly used for treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia."
3. "First-generation antipsychotics are used more frequently than second-generation antipsychotics."
4. "Second-generation antipsychotics are usually better than first-generation antipsychotics because they have fewer side effects."
A nurse plans a series of psychoeducational groups for persons with schizophrenia. Which topic would take priority?
1. How to give and receive compliments
2. The importance of taking medication correctly
3. How to complete an application for employment
4. Ways to dress and behave when attending community events
A patient's dose of haloperidol was increased earlier today. The patient now is experiencing laryngeal dystonia. What is the nurse's priority action?
1. Document the finding.
2. Maintain a patent airway.
3. Offer oral fluids to the patient.
4. Engage the patient in an alternative activity.
The causation of schizophrenia currently is understood to be
1. A combination of inherited and nongenetic factors
2. Deficient amounts of the neurotransmitter dopamine
3. Excessive amounts of the neurotransmitter serotonin
4. Stress related and ineffective stress management skills
A patient with schizophrenia was changed to clozapine 3 weeks ago. The patient calls the clinic nurse complaining of sore throat, fever, and malaise. Which laboratory test would be most helpful in determining the cause of these findings?
1. Urinalysis
2. Liver panel
3. Serum lithium level
4. Complete blood cell count
The nurse is caring for a patient with schizophrenia who was given an injectable dose of dopamine (D2) antagonists for the limbic center. Which side effects does the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.
1. Tremors
2. Difficulty walking
3. Increased energy
4. Loosening of reflexes
5. Pacing back and forth
6. Muscular contraction in the neck
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia says, "Cheese dog run fast." How should the nurse document this comment?
1. Neologism
2. Word salad
3. Circumstantiality
4. Magical thinking
Which statement by a family member of a person diagnosed with schizophrenia demonstrates effective learning about the disease?
1. "The disease probably resulted from the mother's smoking during pregnancy. Nicotine is actually a neurotransmitter."
2. "If our family had more money, we could afford the promising psychoneuroimmunology treatments available in other countries."
3. "The disease could be cured if our politicians and laws allowed for more stem cell research. Adult stem cells hold so much promise."
4. "The disease probably was caused by problems with several genes. These genes cause changes in how certain brain chemicals work." [Show Less]