1. Which problems occur with AKI (SATA)
a. Decreased peristalsis
b. Anemia
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Hypokalemia
e. Peripheral edema - abce
2. The
... [Show More] community health nurse is designing programs to reduce kidney problems and kidney injury among the general public. In order to do so, the nurse targets health promotion and compliance with therapy for people with which conditions?
a. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
b. Frequent episodes of sexually transmitted disease
c. Osteoporosis and other bone disease
d. Gastroenteritis and poor eating habits - a
3. What are common causes of prerenal kidney injury? (SATA)
a. Urethral cancer
b. Hypovolemic shock
c. Enlarged prostate gland
d. Sepsis
e. Severe burns - bde
4. A patient can develop intrarenal kidney injury from which causes? (SATA)
a. Vasculitis
b. Pyelonephritis
c. Strenuous exercise
d. Exposure to nephrotoxins
e. Bladder cancer - abd
5. Postrenal kidney injury can result from which conditions? (SATA)
a. Septic shock
b. Cervical cancer
c. Nephrolithiasis or ureterolithiasis
d. Heart failure
e. Neurogenic bladder
f. Prostate cancer - bcef
6. When shock or other problems cause an acute reduction in blood flow to the kidneys, how do the kidneys compensate? (SATA)
a. Constrict blood vessels in the kidneys
b. Activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway
c. Release beta blockers
d. Dilate blood vessels throughout the body
e. Release antidiuretic hormones - abe
7. The nurse reads in the patient's chart that he has acute-on-chronic kidney disease. How does the nurse interpret this information?
a. Kidney disease has progressed to the need for dialysis or transplant
b. Patient has chronic kidney disease and has sustained an acute kidney injury
c. Acute kidney injury requires aggressive management to prevent chorionic disease
d. The condition could be acute or chronic; further diagnostic testing is needed - b
8. The nurse is talking to a group of healthy young college students about maintaining good kidney health and preventing AKI. Which health promotion point is the nurse most likely to emphasize this group?
a. "Have your blood pressure checked regularly"
b. "Find out if you have a family history of diabetes"
c. "Avoid dehydration by drinking at least 2 to 3 L of water daily"
d. "Have annual testing for microalbuminuria and urine protein" - c
9. The nurse is caring for a patient who had hypovolemic shock secondary to trauma in the ED 2 days ago. Based on the pathophysiology of hypovolemia and prerenal azotemia, what does the nurse assess at least every hour?
a. Urinary output
b. Presence of edema
c. Urine color
d. Presence of pain - a
10. The nurse is talking to an older adult male patient who is reasonably healthy for his age, but has BPH. Which condition does the BPH potentially place him at risk for?
a. Prerenal acute kidney injury
b. Postrenal acute kidney injury
c. Polycystic kidney disease
d. Acute glomerulonephritis - b
11. Which combination of drugs is the most nephrotoxic?
a. ACE inhibitors and aspirin
b. Angiotensin II receptor blockers and antacids
c. Aminoglycoside antibiotics and NSAIDs
d. Calcium channel blockers and antihistamines - c
12. The nurse is caring for several patients on a medical-surgical unit. None of the patients currently has any acute or chronic kidney problems. Which patient has the greatest risk to develop AKI?
a. 73-year-old male who has hypertension and peripheral vascular disease
b. 32-year-old female who is pregnant and has gestational diabetes
c. 49-year-old male who is obese and has a history of skin cancer
d. 23-year-old female who has been treated for a urinary tract infection - a
13. For a patient with AKI, the nurse would consider questioning the order for which diagnostic test?
a. Kidney biopsy
b. Ultrasonography
c. Computed tomography with contrast dye
d. Kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray - c
14. The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient and is evaluating the patient's intake and output as a measure to prevent AKI. The patient weighs 60 kilograms and has produced 180 mL of urine in the past 4 hours. HWat should the nurse do?
a. Perform other assessments related to fluid status and record the output
b. Call the health care provider and obtain an order for a fluid bolus
c. Encourage the patient to drink more fluid, so that the output is increased
d. Compare the patient weight to baseline to determine fluid retention - a
15. The nurse is caring for a patient receiving gentamicin. Because this drug has potential for nephrotoxicity, which laboratory results does the nurse monitor? (SATA)
a. BUN
b. Creatinine
c. Drug peak and trough levels
d. PT
e. Platelet count
f. Hemoglobin and hematocrit - abc [Show Less]