Chapter 38: Degenerative Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
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____ 1. A client is diagnosed with degenerative disc disorder (DDD). Which form of physical therapy does the nurse anticipate the primary care provider will prescribe to reduce the movement of the spine and enhance the healing process?
1. Braces
2. Massage
3. Electrotherapies
4. Heat and cold packs
____ 2. Which diagnostic test does the nurse expect the primary care provider to prescribe to confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis?
1. Electromyography (EMG)
2. Computed tomography (CT) scan
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
4. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan
____ 3. The nurse is caring for a client whose bone mineral density is -2 based on a T-score value, which compares the client’s bone mineral density to the mean for young adult women. Which condition does this score indicate?
1. Osteomalacia
2. Osteopenia
3. Osteoporosis
4. Severe osteoporosis
____ 4. A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia and undergoes therapy to correct the vitamin D deficiency and normalize phosphate levels. Which outcome indicates the successful completion of therapy?
1. The client does not experience any cervical back pain.
2. The client is able to walk up and down stairs comfortably.
3. The client does not report any numbness in the lower extremities.
4. The client reports normal bowel and bladder function.
____ 5. The nurse observes that an older client has a hunched back. Which disorder does the nurse suspect?
1. Osteoporosis
2. Osteomalacia
3. Osteoarthritis
4. Spinal stenosis
____ 6. Which diagnostic technique is used to diagnose rickets?
1. Electromyography (EMG)
2. Bone mineral density (BMD) examination
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
4. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
____ 7. A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students the causes of spinal nerve impingement. Which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?
1. “Herniated discs may cause spinal nerve impingement.”
2. “Disc thickening may cause spinal nerve impingement.”
3. “Osteocyte formation may cause spinal nerve impingement.”
4. “Compression of the disc may cause spinal nerve impingement.”
____ 8. Which statement is true regarding rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
1. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.
2. Osteoarthritis is mainly treated with methotrexate.
3. Osteoarthritis is less common than rheumatoid arthritis.
4. Rheumatoid arthritis affects mainly the proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints.
____ 9. The nursing instructor is teaching
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