Chapter 35: Drugs Used to Treat Diabetes Mellitus
Clayton/Willihnganz: Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 17th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A patient
... [Show More] received the evening dose of Lispro subcutaneously at 16:30. What time will
symptoms of hypoglycemia likely occur?
a. 19:00
b. 18:30
c. 01:30
d. 06:00
ANS: B
The most rapid-acting insulin, Lispro, peaks within 1 to 2 hours after administration. The peak
time of insulin is when patients would most likely exhibit symptoms of hypoglycemia,
particularly if they have inadequate dietary intake. The time of 19:00 would be past the peak
of action and after signs of hypoglycemia would have appeared. The times of 01:30 and 06:00
are long after the peak of action and the time when signs of hypoglycemia would have
appeared.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 551 | Page 552
OBJ: 2 | 3 | 4 TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Glucose Regulation; Safety
2. It is 2:00 PM and a patient who has been NPO since 12:00 AM for a bronchoscopy is
complaining of a headache and shakiness and is extremely irritable. Vital signs are within
normal limits, and a one touch glucose reads 50 mg/dL. Which action is most important for
the nurse to take?
a. Have the patient eat a snack and drink milk.
b. Administer glucagon subcutaneously.
c. Call the bronchoscopy room to follow up with the delay.
d. Obtain an A1c test.
ANS: B
Irritability, nervousness, headache, tremors, dizziness, apprehension, sweating, cold and
clammy skin, and hunger are symptoms of hypoglycemia. The patient has not eaten since the
prior day. A blood glucose of 50 mg/dL is true hypoglycemia and needs to be dealt with
immediately. Glucagon is preferred over PO intake, given that an endoscopy is scheduled.
Having the patient eat a snack and drink milk, calling the bronchoscopy room, and obtaining
an A1c test are not appropriate responses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 546 OBJ: 2 | 3 | 4
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Categor [Show Less]