NU RS IN GT B.CO M Chapter 31: Basic Pediatric Nursing Care Cooper: Foundations of Nursing, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What was one of the major
... [Show More] strides in pediatric care made by Dr. Abraham Jacobi? a. Pediatric wards in hospitals b. Free inoculations against smallpox c. Milk stations in the city of New York d. Serving nutritious foods in orphanages ANS: C Dr. Abraham Jacobi, referred to as the father of pediatrics, initiated the establishment of milk stations in New York demonstrating how to sanitize milk for children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 934 OBJ: 2 TOP: Abraham Jacobi KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 2. What was founded by Lillian Wald? a. National Commission on Children b. Henry Street Settlement c. White House Conference d. US Children’s Bureau ANS: B Lillian Wald, regarded as the founder of public health, founded Henry Street Settlement, which provided nursing services and social assistance. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 934 OBJ: 2 TOP: Lillian Wald KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 3. When the pediatric nurse is attempting to establish a trusting relationship with a child, what is the most important and lasting thing to do? a. Convey respect. b. Talk with the child. c. Be honest. d. Talk with family. ANS: C To establish a trusting relationship, the most important thing is to be honest. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 935 OBJ: 4 TOP: Pediatric nurse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 4. What is the special category that encompasses children who have congenital abnormalities, malignancies, gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, or central nervous system (CNS) anomalies? a. Very dependent children b. Children requiring special education c. Children with special needs NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank contact: royfields212@gmail.com NU RS IN GT B.CO M d. Children requiring long-term care ANS: C The definition of children with special needs includes congenital abnormalities, malignancies, GI diseases, and CNS anomalies. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 936 OBJ: 6 TOP: Children KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. The mother of a child with diabetes asks the nurse in charge of the family-centered pediatric unit if she might see her child’s laboratory reports. What response by the nurse is the most appropriate? a. “Although the actual reports are not shared, I can tell you the blood sugar is 200 mg.” b. “I’ll write them down for you and bring them to your room.” c. “Come to the conference room where we can have privacy while you look at them.” d. “I’ll notify the health care provider that you wish to see the reports.” ANS: C With a family-centered care approach, hospitals welcome parents, and parents have access to information 24 hours a day. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 936 OBJ: 5 TOP: Family-centered care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. What should be the focus of a practice where the pediatric nurse uses a developmental approach? a. Stimulation of the child to reach expected norms b. Age-centered care plans c. Strengths and abilities of the child d. Characteristics for the particular age ANS: C A developmental approach emphasizes the child’s strengths and abilities and considers individuality. It builds on what the child can do instead of focusing on what the child cannot do. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 938 OBJ: 6 TOP: Developmental approach KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. When using anticipatory guidance to prepare a 5-year-old for an IM injection, what statement by the nurse would be most appropriate? a. “Ethan, I’m going to give you a shot.” b. “Ethan, the health care provider wants you to have some medicine, and it will hurt.” c. “Ethan, some medicine can only be given with a needle.” d. “Ethan, I am going to give you some medicine that will sting, but only for a little while.” NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M ANS: D Anticipatory guidance is the psychological preparation of a patient for a stressful event by explaining what will happen and the probable outcome. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 938 OBJ: 14 TOP: Anticipatory guidance KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 8. When measuring the head circumference of an infant, where should the nurse place the tape measure? a. Across the eyebrows and around the occipital lobe b. Over the zygomatic arches and around the parietal areas c. Around forehead and around the crown of the head d. Above the eyebrows and pinnas, and around the occipital lobe ANS: D Head circumference is measured in children up to 36 months above the eyebrows and pinnas, and around the occipital lobe. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 940 OBJ: 14 TOP: Head circumference KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 9. What activity by an infant would cause a false elevation of the tympanic temperature? a. Having a bowel movement b. Crying vigorously c. Having just eaten d. Having been in a cold room ANS: B Crying increases the temperature; eating and bowel movements do not. A cold room would lower the temperature. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 941 OBJ: 7 TOP: Vital signs KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 10. What is the correct order for assessing vital signs in an infant to ensure the accuracy of measurements? a. Respiration, temperature, pulse b. Pulse, respiration, temperature c. Temperature, pulse, respiration d. Respiration, pulse, temperature ANS: D The respiration is taken first on an infant before the child is disturbed, pulses are assessed next, and last the temperature is obtained. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 941 OBJ: 7 TOP: Vital signs KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M 11. Why does obtaining the respirations of an infant require a modified approach from that of an adult? a. Infants breathe through their noses. b. Infants have very rapid respirations. c. Infants’ respirations are thoracic in nature. d. Infants’ respiratory movements are abdominal. ANS: D In children under 6 or 7 years of age, respiratory movements are abdominal or diaphragmatic. Abdominal movements must be observed when counting respirations. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 942 OBJ: 7 TOP: Vital signs KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 12. An 8-year-old child asks how a blood pressure is taken. What would be the most appropriate response? a. “This small machine will measure your systolic and diastolic pressure.” b. “The armband will hug your arm and tell me how well your blood is going through your arm.” c. “The armband will cut off your circulation for a while and then we can hear when it comes back.” d. “When you are ill we need to know if your blood is still moving in your body.” ANS: B Because children are upset by unfamiliar procedures, it is best to explain each step in simple terms. It is best not to mention anything that may increase anxiety. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 942-943 OBJ: 9 TOP: Vital signs KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 13. What is the correct way to assess for the presence of jaundice in an African-American child? a. Examine the sclera. b. Press the edge of the pinna. c. Apply pressure to the gum. d. Compare the color on the soles of the feet. ANS: C The gums in individuals with dark complexions can be used to assess jaundice by pressing the gums about the teeth. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 944 OBJ: 7 TOP: Jaundice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 14. When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on: a. cognitive development. b. secondary sexual characteristics. c. the production of blood cells. d. the growth of bones and muscle. NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M ANS: D Nutrition is probably the single most important influence on growth. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 947 OBJ: 8 TOP: Nutrition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 15. The mother of a 3-year-old expresses concern about her daughter’s slowed growth rate. What would be the most informative response by the nurse? a. “Three-year-olds have typically finished a growth spurt, and you may notice a decreased rate in your daughter’s growth.” b. “Children’s growth is hereditary. She may be of small stature like you.” c. “The growth of a 3-year-old is associated with their nutrition. How is she eating?” d. “Your daughter is healthy and happy. Don’t worry about her growth right now.” ANS: A Three-year-olds slow down in their growth in a natural cycle. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 937-938 OBJ: 7 TOP: Growth KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 16. What should be included in the teaching plan for the parents of a 3-year-old child who has been prescribed an opioid analgesic? a. The opioid is likely to cause significant respiratory depression. b. The medicine is prescribed with the knowledge that addiction may occur. c. The opioid is very effective as a pain control method. d. The opioid is only to be given in cases of severe pain. ANS: C It is an effective type of analgesia. When administered to children, opioid analgesics do not have any greater respiratory depression than when given to an adult, and the risk of addiction is virtually nonexistent in children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 956 OBJ: 12 TOP: Opioid analgesia KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 17. The parents ask about preparation of their toddler for hospital admission. When does the nurse suggest that the parents tell their toddler of the admission? a. A week prior b. 2 weeks prior c. The day of admission d. Only 2 or 3 days before ANS: D The nurse should suggest the toddler be told only days before. School-age children can be given more time to prepare. Adolescents should be told as far in advance as possible. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 953 OBJ: 11 TOP: Hospitalization KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M 18. When the newly admitted 2-year-old who was potty-trained before admission begins to wet the bed, the mother is frightened. What statement by the nurse will be most helpful to the mother? a. “Don’t be concerned. Accidents happen.” b. “Let’s put a diaper on your child until this gets better.” c. “The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little.” d. “Your child will relearn ‘potty-training’ if you are patient.” ANS: C It is not unusual for children to regress when hospitalized. Explaining that regression is normal during hospitalization will help allay the mother’s anxiety. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 955 OBJ: 13 TOP: Hospitalization regression KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 19. When attempting to provide information to the parents of a child undergoing surgery, the nurse notes that the parents appear confused and do not seem to remember what they are being told. What is the most probable cause of the parents’ forgetfulness? a. Noisy environment b. Serious nature of surgery c. Increased level of parents’ anxiety d. Developmental age of the child ANS: C Anxiety of the parents may result in confusion and forgetfulness. It is not known if the environment is noisy, if the surgery is serious in nature, or what is the developmental age of the child. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 958 OBJ: 13 TOP: Hospitalization KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 20. What is the best time to bathe an infant? a. At bedtime b. Early in the morning c. After a feeding d. Before a feeding ANS: D Bathing is usually done before a feeding to reduce the possibility of vomiting, regurgitation, or stimulation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 959 OBJ: 11 TOP: Feeding KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 21. How should an infant be positioned after a feeding? a. On the stomach b. On the right side c. On the left side NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M d. On the back ANS: B After feeding, the infant is positioned on the right side to direct the food into the stomach. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 960 OBJ: 11 TOP: Feeding KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 22. When a safety reminder device (SRD) is used to protect a child, what is a responsibility of the nurse? a. Apply it loosely. b. Remove it every 2 hours. c. Place it over clothing. d. Apply only one type. ANS: B Any SRD should be removed every 2 hours. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 961 OBJ: 11 TOP: Safety KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 23. What should be done before initiating a gavage feeding? a. Hold the feeding tube under water to check for bubbling. b. Check for gastric distention. c. Aspirate stomach contents. d. Ensure the sterility of feeding equipment. ANS: C Aspirating stomach contents and aspirating a small amount of air while listening for stomach gurgling are the best ways to ensure correct tube placement. Holding the feeding tube under water to check for bubbling is not an effective method to check tube placement. Gastric distention would be important following the feeding. A gavage feeding is not a sterile procedure. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 960 OBJ: 14 TOP: Tube feedings KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 24. What is the purpose of a mist tent? a. To provide a constant oxygen supply b. To liquefy respiratory secretions c. To aid in lowering temperature d. To improve the infant’s hydration ANS: B The purpose of the mist tent is to liquefy respiratory secretions. A constant oxygen supply can be given by methods other than a mist tent. A mist tent does not lower temperature or improve hydration. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 962 OBJ: 14 TOP: Mist tent KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 25. What is the maximum amount of time that a nurse should suction an artificial airway? a. 1 second b. 5 seconds c. 30 seconds d. 1 minute ANS: B The nurse should limit suctioning to no more than 5 seconds. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 963 OBJ: 14 TOP: Tracheal suction KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 26. What is a disadvantage of using a mist tent with a toddler? a. The nurse must remove the restless child. b. The wet bedding and clothing must be changed frequently. c. The mist tent must be opened at least once every hour. d. All objects must be kept outside of the tent. ANS: B Frequent linen and clothing changes will be necessary because of the heavy humidity in the tent. The nurse can open the tent to soothe the restless child instead of removing the child. The tent does not have to be opened every hour. Toys can be placed inside the tent. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 962 OBJ: 14 TOP: Mist tent KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 27. What is one way to enhance the nutrition of the hospitalized toddler? a. Reward with sweets for eating meals. b. Discourage participation in noneating activities. c. Offer nutritious fluids frequently. d. Leave nutritious finger foods out for the child to eat. ANS: C Using nutritious liquids may satisfy the nutritional needs when a toddler is “too busy” to eat. Toddlers should not be left to eat unsupervised because of the danger of aspiration. Junk food should not be used as rewards. Activities are important and should not be discouraged. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 960 OBJ: 11 TOP: Nutrition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 28. Why must the pediatric nurse be cautious about medicating infants and young children? a. They are less susceptible to medication effects than adults. b. They are more susceptible to medication effects than adults. c. They are equally susceptible to medication effects as adults. d. They are more susceptible to drug interactions than adults. ANS: B NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M Newborns and young children are more susceptible to the toxic effects of certain medications than adults. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 966 OBJ: 15 TOP: Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 29. What is the preferred IM injection site for a 2-year-old? a. Deltoid muscle b. Upper thigh c. Vastus lateralis d. Gluteus ANS: C The preferred site for an IM injection for a 2-year-old is the vastus lateralis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 967 OBJ: 15 TOP: IM medication KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 30. Where is the typical IV insertion site in an infant younger than 9 months of age? a. Radial vein b. Scalp vein c. Femoral vein d. Brachial vein ANS: B A superficial scalp vein is the injection site for administering IV medication to infants younger than 9 months of age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 969 OBJ: 15 TOP: IV medication KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 31. Following a lumbar puncture of a 2-year-old, what should the nurse do? a. Keep the child flat for several hours. b. Allow the child to play quietly at will. c. Hold the child in a flexed position for 5 minutes. d. Stand the child upright immediately. ANS: B Children younger than 3 years of age are usually not affected by postlumbar headache. These children are allowed to play at will following a lumbar puncture. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 966 OBJ: 14 TOP: Lumbar puncture KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 32. What should the nurse do to minimize an unpleasant-tasting drug? a. Pour the drug over ice. b. Squirt the drug in the mouth with a syringe. c. Administer the drug through a straw. NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M d. Enlist the parent’s assistance. ANS: C Administering the drug through a straw will diminish an unpleasant taste. Having the child hold the nose is helpful, as bad taste is associated with the smell of the drug. Pouring the drug over ice may result in the child not getting the entire amount of the drug. Squirting the drug into the mouth with a syringe will still allow the child to taste the medication. The parent’s assistance should be enlisted, but will not minimize the taste of the drug. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 967 OBJ: 15 TOP: Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 33. A disfiguring facial wound would have the most significant developmental impact on which child? a. 4-year-old b. 6-year-old c. 10-year-old d. 14-year-old ANS: D The adolescent fears a change in body image associated with surgery. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 938 | 957 OBJ: 6 TOP: Surgery KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 34. When the nurse is inserting a feeding tube in an 8-month-old, what safety reminder device (SRD) should the nurse most likely use? a. Mummy b. Clove hitch c. Jacket device d. Elbow device ANS: A The mummy restraint controls the arms and the body of the infant. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 961 OBJ: 14 TOP: Safety reminder devices (SRDs) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 35. The nurse clarifies that child abuse and neglect are complicated and preventable problems falling under which broader term? a. Child abandonment b. Child mismanagement c. Child maltreatment d. Child torment ANS: C Child maltreatment is a broad term used to describe neglect and abuse of children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 950 OBJ: 10 TOP: Child abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 36. What observation in an emergency department should lead a nurse to suspect child abuse in a child with a fractured arm? a. Lack of parental concern for the severity of the injury b. The child not answering questions concerning the injury c. Parents not asking about the child’s condition d. Inconsistency between the injury and the parents’ explanation of it ANS: D Special attention must be paid to injuries that are inconsistent with the parents’ explanation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 951 OBJ: 10 TOP: Child abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 37. When communicating with parents suspected of child abuse, what should the nurse be sure to do? a. Tell them the law requires reporting of the incident. b. Be sympathetic to their needs. c. Interact with them in a nonjudgmental manner. d. Suggest psychiatric counseling. ANS: C The nurse should maintain a nonjudgmental attitude toward the parents. The nurse does not have to tell the parents that she is reporting them. The nurse does not have to be sympathetic, she only has to be professional at all times. It is not the place of the nurse to suggest counseling. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 952 OBJ: 10 TOP: Child abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 38. After observing parental behavior that leads the nurse to suspect child abuse, when should the nurse report the abuse? a. If the parent confesses to child abuse b. If the child admits to being abused c. Whenever maltreatment of a child is suspected d. When the type of abuse can be determined ANS: C Mandatory reporting of child abuse is required when the health care provider has reason to suspect the child has been abused. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 952 OBJ: 10 TOP: Child abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance MULTIPLE RESPONSE NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M 1. The nurse welcomes the presence of the family in a pediatric unit because it reduces the stressors of hospitalization. Which are common stressors for the hospitalized child? (Select all that apply.) a. Separation b. Lack of love c. Fear of pain d. Unfamiliar food e. Loss of control ANS: A, C, E Parents lend stability and comfort for the child and restore his or her sense of control. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 954 OBJ: 5 TOP: Parents on the pediatric unit KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. The nurse clarifies that the family-centered care approach terminates which policies? (Select all that apply.) a. Rigid visiting hours b. Freedom to choose which medications to take c. Exclusion of family during procedures d. Discouraging family to stay overnight e. Restricting parents from reading the chart ANS: A, C, D, E Family-centered care terminates all the restrictive policies of traditional hospitals. Medication orders should still be followed. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 937 OBJ: 5 TOP: Family-centered care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance COMPLETION 1. The pediatric nurse, along with the primary caregiver(s), has a special duty to ________ the child and the family. ANS: teach The pediatric nurse is in a position to assess, instruct, and support children and their families about developmental progress, nutrition, and possible undiagnosed anomalies. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 935 OBJ: 4 TOP: Teaching KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. The nurse is aware that visual acuity evaluation in a child is best assessed after the age of _____ years. ANS: NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M 6 six A child’s refraction does not reach 20/20 until about the age of 6. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 944 OBJ: 7 TOP: Visual acuity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Ban [Show Less]