Chapter 21 - microbial diseases of the Genitourinary System complete
Genitourinary system has two distinct organ systems urinary and
... [Show More] genital/reproductive tract
removes substances from the blood, regulating certain body processes, forming urine and transporting it out of the body
includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra urinary tract
Produces, maintains, and transports sperm cells and produces sex hormones
consists of testes, epididymis, vas deferent, prostate gland, scrotum and penis male genital/reproductive tract
produces and maintains egg cells, produces sex hormones, supports fetus
consists of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, vagina, cervix female genital/repro tract
most common site of infection in females cervix
Urinary system defenses - 2 flushing of the entire system with urine and shedding epithelial cells that line the tract
urine is acidic and contains two antimicrobial proteins (lysozyme - breaks down peptidoglycan and lactoferrin) and secretory IgA
urethra is the end of both urinary and reproductive system so urine also flushes the system male reproductive defenses
defenses can vary over a lifetime female reproductive defenses
during childhood and after menopause this is the main defense with secretory IgA protective mucus of the vagina
During reproductive years major defense is (females)... pH changes that make the vagina acidic
the lower urethra of the genitourinary system... has well established microbiota
males and females have the ____ microbes in the genitourinary tract exact same
urethra is very short in females and close to anus which can be infected with bacteria from the GI tract to the bladder
UTIs
upper urinary tract... fewer types and lower abundance of microbes
Circumcising has a large effect on...- 2 "normal" biota of the penis
uncircumcised results in larger populations of more diverse microbes
UTI microbe type bacteria
most commonly E.coli
Staphylococcus saprophytic
enerbacteriaceae- Klebisiella pneumonia or Proteus mirablis UTIs
UTI reservoir humans
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