Chapter 10: Drug Therapy for Mental Health
Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which drug category is
... [Show More] useful in promoting sleep among patients with insomnia?
a. Sedatives
b. ACE inhibitors
c. Atypical antipsychotics
d. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
ANS: A
Sedatives are drugs that have the main purpose of promoting sleep by changing signals in
the central nervous system and reducing responses to stimulation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 184
2. You are preparing to give the benzodiazepine Valium to a patient as a premedication before
surgery. The patient asks you how this drug works. What is your best response?
a. “This drug works by binding to receptors acting with GABA to induce sleep.”
b. “This drug is acts by preventing binding to the benzodiazepine receptors.”
c. “This drug acts by inhibiting GABA responses to relax muscles.”
d. “This drug acts by binding to opioid receptors.”
ANS: A
Benzodiazepines are sedating hypnotic drugs that depress the CNS by binding to
benzodiazepine (BNZ) receptors that act with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors
to enhance GABA effects, resulting sleep and muscle relaxation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 186
3. You are caring for a patient in the clinic setting who has been taking a benzodiazepine
alprazolam (Xanax) for anxiety. What potential problem should you observe this patient for?
a. Seizure activity
b. Addiction
c. Insomnia
d. Anorexia
ANS: B
The benzodiazepines have a higher risk for addiction and dependency than do the
nonbenzodiazepines. They also carry a black box warning for central nervous system
depression. Overdoses are possible and serious.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 185
4. Which drug would you anticipate will be given to a patient who experienced an overdose of
a benzodiazepine?
a. Rifampin
b. Naloxone
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c. Flumazenil
d. Epinepherine
ANS: C
The drug flumazenil (Romazicon) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist and is an antidote
used to reverse an overdose of either a benzodiazepine sedative or a nonbenzodiazepine
sedative. For adults, it is given intravenously with an initial dose of 0.2 mg. If there is no
response after 45 seconds, the dose can be repeated. After that, it can be repeated every
minute for a total of 4 doses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 187
5. For which patient would benzodiazepines be contraindicated?
a. A female with breast cancer.
b. A woman who is 20 weeks pregnant.
c. A male who has a history of smoking.
d. A male who is about to undergo surgery.
ANS: B
Pregnancy is an absolute contraindication for the benzodiazepin [Show Less]