Chapter 1 Book Q'S Immunology Questions And Answers 2024/2025 A+ Review
Why was Jenner's vaccine superior to previous methods for conferring resistance
... [Show More] to smallpox? - ANSJenner's method of using cowpox infection to confer immunity to smallpox was superior to earlier
methods because it carried a significantly reduced risk of serious disease. The earlier method of using
material from the lesions of smallpox victims conferred immunity but at the risk of acquiring the
potentially lethal disease.
Did the treatment for rabies used by Pasteur confer active or passive immunity to the rabies virus? Is
there any way to test this? - ANS-Active Immunity
The Pasteur method for treating rabies consists of a series of inoculations with attenuated rabies virus.
This process actively immunizes the recipient, who then mounts an immune response against the virus
to stop the progress of infection. A simple test for active immunity would be to look for antibodies
specific to the rabies virus in the recipient's blood at a time after completion of treatment, when all
antibodies from a passive treatment would have cleared from the circulation. Alternatively, one could
challenge the recipient with attenuated rabies to see whether a secondary response occurred (this test
may be precluded by ethical ramifications).
Infants immediately after birth are often at risk for infection with group B Streptococcus. A vaccine is
proposed for administration to women of childbearing years.
How can immunizing the mothers help the babies? - ANS-This explains the concept of passive immunity.
Newborn infants benefit from passive immunity by the presence of maternal antibodies in their
circulation. The immunized mothers would confer passive immunity upon their off spring because the
anti-streptococcal antibodies, but not the B cells, cross the placental barrier and are present in the
babies at birth. In addition, colostrum and milk from the mother would contain antibodies to protect the
nursing infant from infection.
Indicate to which branch(es) of the immune system the following statements apply, using H for the
humoral branch and CM for the cell-mediated branch. Some statements may apply to both branches (B).
Involves B cells
Involves T cells
Responds to extracellular bacterial infection H +
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