NR302-Health Assessment I
Exam 2 Blueprint There are 50 questions on this exam. There are 2 select all that apply questions
Chapter 12: 6 questions
A &
... [Show More] P of the layers of the skin Two Layer
1. Epidermis & Dermis
Epidermis – Outer layer Completely replaces every 4 weeks
Highly differentiated
Thin but tough
Avascular & nourished by blood vessels in the dermis
Stratified into several zones
o Basel cell Layer – Forms new skin cells
major ingredient: fibrous protein Keratin
Melanocytes produce pigment melanin
Gives brown tones to skin & hair
Everyone has melanocytes, however amount of melanin they produce
varies with genetic, hormonal, environmental
As new cells migrate up they flatten into the outer horny cell layer
o Horny cell layer – dead keratinized cells closely packed & constantly shed or
desquamated & replaced w/ new cells
Dermis Inner supportive layer
Consisting mostly of: Connective tissue, or collage:
Tough, fibrous protein that enables the skin to resist tearing
o Resilient elastic tissue that allows the skin to stretch w/ body movement
o Nerves
o Sensory receptors
o Blood vessels
o Lymphatics
o Appendages from the epidermis embedded in the dermis
o Hair follicles
o Sebaceous glands & sweat glands
2. Subcutaneous Layer
Adipose tissue (lobules of fat cells)
Stores fat for energy
Provides insulation for temperature control
Aids in protection
Gives skin increased mobility over structures underneath
9 Function of the Skin: Skin is a waterproof, almost indestructible covering that has protective and
adaptive properties
Protection Minimize injury Wound repair replacement of surface wounds
Prevents penetration barrier stops invasion
microorganisms & loss of water & electrolytes
Communication Blushing/Blanching signal emotion
Perception vast sensory surface touch, pain,
temperature, and pressure
Production of Vitamin D UV light converts cholesterol into
Vitamin D.
Temperature regulation Heat
Insulation/dissipation
Absorption and excretion limited excretion of some
metabolic wastes, by-products of cellular decomposition
Identification unique facial characteristics, hair,
skin color, and even fingerprints
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NR302-Health Assessment I
Exam 2 Blueprint There are 50 questions on this exam. There are 2 select all that apply questions
Hair
Threads of keratin
Two types of hair:
I. Vellus hair: covers most of the body (except palms and soles, dorsa of the distal parts of the fingers, umbilicus,
glans penis, inside the labia)
II. Terminal hair: darker, thicker hair that grows on the scalp and eyebrows and after puberty on the axillae, pubic
area, face and chest in male
Sebaceous Glands
Produce Sebum(oil): A protective lipid substance secreted through hair follicles
Everywhere except palms and soles
Most abundant in scalp, forehead, face, & chin
Lubricates skin and hair and forms emulsion with water that prevents water loss from skin
Dry skin results from loss of water, not directly from loss of oil [Show Less]