Chapter 5: The Integumentary System Review Questions
Name the four elements that make up the Integumentary System - Skin, sweat/oil glands, hair and
... [Show More] nails
Which element is known to be our largest organ? - Skin
What are the two distinct layers of the skin? And what are they made from? - Epidermis (outermost layer) epithelial tissue
Dermis (innermost layer) connective tissue
What layer lies deep to the Dermis? - Hypodermis
What layer is not part of skin but closely related structurally and functionally and mostly made of fat? - Hypodermis
Where is thick skin usually found? - On the soles of our feet and palms of our hands
What are the two layers of the Dermis? And which one is the smaller of the two? - Papillary and Reticular layers. Papillary is the smaller of the two
The skin is an interface to the outside world, therfore, name the 6 functions of the skin and hypodermis. –
1. Cushions/insulates deeper organs
2. Protects body from bumps, scraps and cuts
3. Protects body form chemicals, heat and cold
4. Acts as mini-excretory system
5. Prpduces Vitamin D
6. Contains sensory receptors associated with nerve endings
What are the four main cell types found in the epidermis? - Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Tactile epithelial cells, and dendritic cells
These cells produce keratin and are found in all four layers of the epidermis - Keratinocytes
These cells produce skin color - Melanocytes
These cells give us touch sensation - Tactile epithelial cells
These cells are macrophages, they play a role in the immune system using endocytosis - Dendritic cells
A tough fibrous protein that helps to toughen the superficial part of the skin is known as what? - Keratin
Name 4 characterisitcs of Keratinocytes - 1. Produce keratin
2. Arise from the deepest layer of the epidermis
3. Produce antibodies and enzymes in order to fight off microorganisms.
4. Start in the deep layer of the epidermis, work their way father away from the nutrient sources where no blood vessel or diffussion occur and are found dead at the skin's surface.
Name the 5 layers of the epidermis and specify which one is only present in thick skin. - Stratum Basale (Deepest)
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidium (only in thick skin)
Stratum Corneum (most superficial)
Which layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis attached to the underlying dermis, where cells actively divide due to cells dying, and has a special connection between it and the papil laer of the dermis - Stratum Basale
Name the three types of cells found in the Stratum Basale - Keratinocytes, merkel cells and melanocytes [Show Less]