Chapter 1: The properties of gases 1.1-1.2 fully composed Questions
1. physical state - the ________ _____ of a sample of a substance, its physical
... [Show More] condition, is defined by its physical properties.
2. equation of state - an equation that interrelates pressure, number of moles, temperature, and volume
3. pressure - force / area
4. mechanicalequilibrium - the condition of equality of pressure on either side of a moveable wall is a state of___________ between the two gases.
5. barometer - the pressure exerted by the atmosphere is measured with a _________.
6. Temperature - the __________ is the property that indicates the direction of the flow of energy through a thermally conducting, rigid wall.
7. diathermic - a boundary is __________ if a change of state is observed when two objects at different temperatures are brought into contact.
8. adiabatic - a boundary is _________ (thermally insulating) if no change occurs even though the two objects have different temperatures.
9. thermal equilibrium - _______ ___________ is established if no change of state occurs when two objects are in contact through a diathermic boundary
10. zeroth law of thermodynamics - if A is in thermal equilibrium with B, and B is in thermal equilibrium with C, then A is in thermal equilibrium with C
11. Boyle's law - pV = constant, at constant n, T
12. Charles' law - V = constant * T, at constant n,p
13. p = constant * T, at constant n, V
14. Avogadro's principle - V = constant * n at constant p, T
15. limiting law - Boyle's and charles' laws are examples of a ______ ___, a law that is strictly true only in a certain limit, in this case p--> 0.
16. R - gas constant
17. perfect gas law - pV=nRT
18. lower - a real gas, an actual gas, behaves more line a perfect gas the _____ the pressure.
19. kinetic model - the _______ _____ is based on three assumptions:
20. The gas consists of molecules of mass m in ceaseless random motion
21. The size of the molecules is negligible, in the sense that their diameters are much smaller than the average distance traveling between collisions.
22. the molecules interact only through brief, infrequent, and elastic collisions
23. elastic collision - a collision in which the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules is conserved.
24. partial pressure - the _______ ________, Pj, of a gas j in a mixture is defined as Pj = XjP where Xj is the mole fraction of the component J, the amount of J expressed as a fraction of the total amount of molecules n: Xj = Nj / N [Show Less]