Certified Pediatric Nurse Review 35 Questions with Verified Answers
McBurney's Point - CORRECT ANSWER point of localized pain in right lower quadrant
... [Show More] with appendicitis
polyhydraminos - CORRECT ANSWER amniotic fluid build up because fetus cannot swallow. Seen in patients with esophageal atresia.
seatorrhea - CORRECT ANSWER fatty stools, often seen in patients with celiac's disease, cystic fibrosis
Hirschsprung Disease - CORRECT ANSWER AKA congenital aganglionic megacolon. Congenital anomaly of decreased intestinal motility resulting in mechanical obstruction of the intestine, absence of ganglionic cells in the distal bowel (ganglionic cells provide peristalsis), inability to move foods through the colon. Within two days of life will vomit and have constipation, abdominal distention, failure to pass meuconium. Older children will have chronic constipation, ribbon like stools, chronic abdominal distention. Should have high calorie, high protein, low fiber diet.
Encopresis - CORRECT ANSWER Also called "stool holding" or soiling in child older than 4 years old, occurs when child resists having bowel movements and causes impacted stool to collect in the colon and rectum
kernicterus - CORRECT ANSWER bilirubin deposits in brain cells from neonatal jaundice.
Kasai procedure - CORRECT ANSWER creation of a tube to the liver to drain bili @ 12 weeks of life, eventually liver will fail and patient will need a transplant. This procedure is done to temporarily fix biliary atresia-conjugated
assessing ear/eustachian tube by age - CORRECT ANSWER down and back @ 0-3 years and up and back if older than 3 years because infants have shorter less angled eustachian tubes.
Synagis - CORRECT ANSWER vaccine for bronchiolitis only given to high risk infants
most common early symptom of CO poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER dull headache
Amblyopia - CORRECT ANSWER lazy eye; can result from strabismus (cross-eyed), can result in vision loss from disuse
Assessment: assess for decreased visual acuity in the affected eye
Intervention: Patch the healthy eye, identify and refer for treatment prior to age 6 years for best results
meningocele vs. myelomeningocele - CORRECT ANSWER Meningocele: hernial protrusion of saclike cyst containing meninges but no spinal cord
Myelomeningocele: (most common type of spina bifida) protruding sac containing CSF, meninges, and a portion of the spinal cord
plumbism - CORRECT ANSWER lead poisoning
Steven-Johnson Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Hypersensitivity complex affecting skin and mucous membranes. Unknown cause but tends to be precipitated by certain drugs (especially abx and anticonvulsants) or an infection
2. Rare, occurs at any age, more common in males, 10-15% mortality rate
3. Assessment: begins with flu like symptoms, then painful purple-ish rash develops throughout the body (including palms and soles); rash blisters, causing top layer of skin to die and shed causing skin sloughing
4. All medications discontinued, treated similar to burn patients, IV fluids, Eye care! Cornea at risk for sloughing-lubricants to prevent blindness
5. Self-limiting--15 days issue resolves unless complications (sepsis, infection, organ damage/failure, eye issues), avoid offending drug because this will reoccur
clinical findings of abusive head traumas - CORRECT ANSWER subdural and subarachnoid hematomas and retinal hemorrhages
echolalia - CORRECT ANSWER meaningless repetition of words and phrases, often seen is children with autism
Tetrology of Fallot - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defect, hypertrophy of right ventricle, and overriding aorta (dextroposition of the aorta)
What cardiac conditon is digoxin administer to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER VSD-it increases the pulse rate and strengthens the cardiac contractions
chorea - CORRECT ANSWER sudden involuntary movement of extremities; seen in rheumatic fever
erythema marginatum - CORRECT ANSWER temporary, disk shaped red macules that are non-puritic and faded in the center; symptom of rheumatic fever
Kawasaki Disease - CORRECT ANSWER acute systemic vasculitis; coronary arteries most at risk,
Acute phase: high persistent fever unresponsive to meds, swelling of conjunctiva without damage, inflammation of the mouth, lips, tongue (strawberry tongue), rash, swollen, red hands and feet, cervical lymphadenopathy
Subacute phase: begins with resolution of fever and ends when all outward symptoms are gone, hands and feet peel, persistent irritability
Convalescent Phase: begins when all clinical signs of KD have resolved and ends when all blood values return to normal, thrombocytosis and arthritis still present
Measures of the Denver II Development Screening - CORRECT ANSWER Fine motor development, gross motor development, language. NO personal/social measured
when is chest circumference bigger than head circumference? - CORRECT ANSWER 24 months
risk factors for otitis media - CORRECT ANSWER no pneumococcal vaccine, pacifier, sleep with bottle
Rosving's Sign - CORRECT ANSWER pain in RLQ when LLQ is palpated in appendicitis
Psoas Sign - CORRECT ANSWER is positive when abdominal pain is felt and hips are flexed
obturator sign - CORRECT ANSWER when abdominal pain if flexed and rotated
Charcoal vs N-acetylcystine - CORRECT ANSWER charcoal given within first hour of ingestion, N-acetylcystine given 8 hours after ingestion
when is gum hyperplasia a symptom - CORRECT ANSWER with phenytoin administration
Asymetric ears - CORRECT ANSWER child should be sent to the urologist because the organs develop simultaneously with the kidneys and asymetric ears can mean kidney issues
Reye Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER viral illness is treated with salicyates like aspirin; associated with increased ICP
Dactylitis - CORRECT ANSWER hand foot syndrome-painful swelling and redness of the hands caused by vasoocclusion of small vessels in the hands and feet. Treat for pain. Sickle Cell patients.
Aspirin Ingestion Blood Gas - CORRECT ANSWER metabolic acidosis; will see body compensate for this with an increased RR to blow off CO2
Grower's Sign - CORRECT ANSWER when pt stands by walking hands and feet up legs
Ortolani/Barlow Sign - CORRECT ANSWER click with man abduction of the hip; means developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) [Show Less]