2024 CC DAANCE Exam Review - Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions) The Central nervous system consists of what 2 parts? The brain and spinal cord
... [Show More] The cerebral cortex controls Though, learning, memory, consciousness, feelings of pain/heat, and the initiation of muscle movement. The Core of the brain serves as A relay station between the sensory inputs from the periphery of the body to the cerebral cortex The cerebellum is responsible for ___________________? Coordinating sensory receptors (ex vision & hearing) and movement The Brainstem is also called The midbrain The brianstem is made up of what 2 parts? Pons & medulla oblongata The pons is important for? Coordination of movement The medulla oblongata contains important centers for controlling: Blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, digestion, maintaining consciousness or arousal The peripheral nervous system consists of what kinds of nerves? Sensory & motor nerves Sensory nerves Nerves that carry information from the sense receptors to the spinal cord and brain. Motor nerves Nerves that carry information from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body to initiate movement Autonomic nervous system the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms. Fight or flight actions are of the_______ nervous system Sympathetic The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are termed Adrenergic Alpha receptors control: Vasoconstriction (Arteries & veins) Beta receptors control: Big organs Beta 1 receptors control: The heart (increased heart rate, contraction strength, and conduction rate) "1 heart) Beta 2 receptors control: bronchodilation (lungs) "2 lungs" Parasympathetic nervous system a set of nerves that helps the body return to a normal resting state "couch potato" Actions of the parasympathetic nervous system are often termed: Cholinergic Baroreceptors Cells that are sensitive to blood pressure changes and are located in the walls of the aorta The two upper chambers of the heart are called atria The left atrium receives blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein The blood the left atrium receives via the pulmonary vein is oxygen _______ Rich The right atrium receives blood from the peripheral circulation in the body and is oxygen _______ Poor The ventricles receive their blood from the Atria The right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the Pulmonary artery The left ventricle sends oxygenated blood where? into the body or the peripheral circulation All vessels leading away from the heart are called Arteries All vessels leading to the heart are called Veins The only artery that Carries oxygen poor blood is the Pulmonary artery The only vein that carries oxygen rich blood is the pulmonary vein Auscultation Listening with a stethoscope Heart murmur When backlow or turbulence is detected when listening to the heart. What part of the red blood cells release carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen? Hemoglobin When reduced oxygen supply damages the heart cells but does not actually cause necrosis the condition is termed Ischemia Angina pectoris occurs when: There is ischemia of the myocardium Arteries get smaller as they get further away from the heart and get called Arterioles Arterioles get smaller and become Capillaries The exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other cellular waste takes place between the blood and the cells of the body in the ______ Capillaries What is the normal sequence of blood flow through the heart and lungs? Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta. Ventricular relaxation diastolic phase Ventricular contraction Systolic phase Blood pressure is written as systolic pressure over diastolic pressure The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in each beat is called the Stroke volume The stroke volume is usually about how many ml of blood? 60 Cardiac output The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute. Cardiac output equation heart rate x stroke volume The atria are never empty because They are simultaneously receiving blood from the large vessels supplying them. Cardiac cycle period from beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next, made up of systole and diastole Normal heart rate 60-100 bpm Bradycardia slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm) Tachycardia Fast heart rate (HR greater than 100bpm) Automacity The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own. Sinoatrial node pacemaker of the heart Atriventricular node regulates the beating of the ventricles Sinus rhythms Cardiac rhythms in which the pacemaker is the sinoatrial node Ectopic pacemaker a pacemaker other than the SA node if it fails What are the normal elements of a normal cardiac rhythm on a cardiac monitor tracing? The P wave, QRS Complex, and the T wave The brachiocephalic artery branches into the right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery The left common carotid after my branches off the ___________ and goes directly into the neck Aorta The external carotid artery divides into how many branches? 8 Which branch of the common carotid artery has no branches before it enters the skull? The internal carotid artery What structures does the lingual artery supply? The tongue & floor of the mouth What structures does the facial artery supply? The external aspect of the face The inferior alveolar artery and mental artery are branches of which artery? The maxillary artery [Show Less]