Cardiovascular NCLEX-PN Questions - Answered, Complete Solutions A nurse is asked to assist another health care member in providing care to a client who
... [Show More] is placed in a modified Trendelenburg's position. The nurse interprets that the client is likely being treated for which condition? Shock A client's serum calcium level is 7.9 mg/dL. The nurse is immediately concerned, knowing that this level could lead to: Cardiac arrest A nurse is providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to an adult cardiac arrest victim. What is the proper compression-to-ventilation ratio for one-person CPR? 30:2 A nurse is assisting in the care of a client with myocardial infarction who should reduce intake of saturated fat and cholesterol. The nurse should help the client comply with diet therapy by selecting which of the following food items from the dietary menu? Baked haddock, steamed broccoli, herbed rice, sliced strawberries A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states that which of the following food items will be avoided Catsup A nurse is planning a dietary menu for a client with heart failure being treated with digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). Which of the following would be the best dinner choice from the daily menu? baked pollack, mashed potatoes, and carrot-raisin salad A nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for a client who will be returning to the nursing unit following a cardiac catheterization via the femoral approach. Which nursing intervention will be included in the post-procedure plan of care? Encourage the client to increase fluid intake. A client with a history of angina pectoris complains of substernal chest pain. The nurse checks the client's blood pressure and administers nitroglycerin grains 1/150 sublingually. Five minutes later, the client is still experiencing chest pain. If the blood pressure is still stable, the nurse should take which action next? Administer another nitroglycerin tablet. A client with angina complains that the anginal pain is prolonged and severe and occurs at the same time each day, most often in the morning. On further data collection, the nurse notes that the pain occurs in the absence of precipitating factors. This type of anginal pain is best described as: Variant angina A client is admitted to the hospital with a venous stasis leg ulcer. The nurse inspects the ulcer, expecting to note that the ulcer: Has a brownish or "brawny" appearance A nurse determines that which of the following clients is most likely to be a candidate for cardioversion? Client with unstable rapid atrial fibrillation A client with myocardial infarction suddenly becomes tachycardic, shows signs of air hunger, and begins coughing frothy, pink-tinged sputum. A nurse listens to breath sounds, expecting to hear bilateral: Crackles A nurse is preparing to provide a therapeutic environment for a client who recently had a myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should alter the environment to ensure that it is: Low stimulus, low stress A nurse working the 3:00 to 11:00 PM shift notes that a client with coronary artery disease (CAD) has a prescription for serum lipid levels to be drawn in the morning. The nurse places the client on which dietary preparation to ensure accurate test results? Fasting for 12 hours A nurse is told during shift report that a client is having occasional ventricular dysrhythmias. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results, recalling that which electrolyte imbalance could be responsible for this development? Hypokalemia A nurse is planning adaptations needed for activities of daily living for a client with cardiac disease. The nurse would incorporate which of the following in discussions with the client? Take in adequate daily fiber to prevent straining during a bowel movement. A client is at risk for developing disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). The nurse should become concerned with which of the following fibrinogen levels? 90 mg/dL A nurse has reinforced home care instructions to a client who had a permanent pacemaker inserted. Which educational outcome has the greatest impact on the client's long-term cardiac health? Ability to take an accurate pulse in either the wrist or neck A client receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) has a history of congestive heart failure. The health care provider has prescribed furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg orally daily to prevent fluid overload. The nurse monitors which laboratory value to identify an adverse effect from this medication? Potassium The nurse is caring for the client immediately after insertion of a permanent demand pacemaker via the right subclavian vein. The nurse prevents dislodgement of the pacing catheter by implementing which intervention? Limiting movement and abduction of the right arm A nurse is teaching the client with angina pectoris about disease management and lifestyle changes that are necessary in order to control disease progression. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? "It is best to exercise once a week for an hour." A nurse is checking the neurovascular status of a client who returned to the surgical nursing unit 4 hours ago after undergoing aortoiliac bypass graft. The affected leg is warm, and the nurse notes redness and edema. The pedal pulse is palpable and unchanged from admission. The nurse interprets that the neurovascular status is: Normal, caused by increased blood flow through the leg A nurse has completed counseling about smoking cessation with a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse determines that the client has understood the material best if the client states that: "A smoker has twice the risk of having a heart attack than a nonsmoker." A nurse is assisting in the care of a client diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease. When teaching the client about self-management of this health problem, the nurse reminds the client to alert his dentist about the condition because: The client requires prophylactic antibiotics before treatment. A nurse enters a client's room and finds the client slumped down in the chair. Breathing is shallow and a pulse is present. Based on these data, the nurse determines that the priority would be to: Check the vital signs and level of consciousness. A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting in the care of a client who is having central venous pressure (CVP) measurements taken by the registered nurse (RN). The LPN would assist the RN by placing the bed in which of the following positions for the reading? Flat A client with a history of angina pectoris tells the nurse that chest pain usually occurs after going up two flights of stairs or after walking four blocks. The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing which of the following types of angina? Stable A client with angina pectoris has just been started on medication therapy with nitroglycerin (Nitrostat). In planning care for this client, the nurse would place priority on measuring: Vital S A nurse is assisting a hospitalized client who is newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) to make appropriate selections from the dietary menu. The nurse encourages the client to select which of the following meals? Fresh strawberries, steamed vegetables, and baked fish A nurse has reinforced dietary instructions to a client with coronary artery disease. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the dietary instructions? "I should routinely use polyunsaturated oils in my diet." A nurse is assigned to assist with caring for a client after cardiac catheterization. The nurse plans to maintain bedrest with: Head elevation of no more than 30 degrees A client has just completed an information session about measures to minimize the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). The nurse determines that the client indicates an initial understanding of lifestyle alterations if the client states an intention to: Eat a diet that is low in fat and cholesterol. A nurse determines that a client with coronary artery disease (CAD) has the necessary understanding of disease management if the client makes which statement? "I will walk for one-half hour daily." A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) and is assisting the client in completing the diet menu. Which of the following beverages does the nurse instruct the client to select from the menu? Lemonade A nurse notes that a client who is attached to a cardiac monitor suddenly develops atrial fibrillation at a rate of 130. The nurse notifies the registered nurse immediately and prepares the client for which initial intervention? Administration of a calcium channel blocker A client seeks medical attention for intermittent episodes in which the fingers of both hands become cold, pale, and numb. The client states that they then become reddened and swollen with a throbbing, achy pain. The nurse further collects data on the client to see whether these episodes occur with: Ingestion of coffee or chocolate A nurse determines that a client with coronary artery disease (CAD) understands disease management if the client makes which of the following statements? "I will walk for one-half hour daily." A client has an Unna boot applied for treatment of a venous stasis leg ulcer. The nurse notes that the client's toes are mottled and cool, and the client verbalizes some numbness and tingling of the foot. The nurse interprets that the boot: Has been applied too tightly A postcardiac surgery client with a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 45 mg/dL and a serum creatinine level of 2.2 mg/dL has a total 2-hour urine output of 25 mL. The nurse understands that the client is at risk for: Acute renal failure A nurse finds a client tensing while lying in bed staring at the cardiac monitor. What is the nurse's best response when the client states, "There sure are a lot of wires around there. I sure hope we don't get hit by lightning!"? "Yes, this equipment is a little scary. Can we talk about how the cardiac monitor works?" A client is at risk for complications of heart failure. What is the nurse's priority for early detection of the most likely cause of complications with this client? Evaluating total body fluid A nurse is caring for a client with coronary artery disease, and a topical nitrate is prescribed for the client. The nurse provides medication instructions and tells the client that acetaminophen (Tylenol) is usually prescribed to be taken before the administration of the topical nitrate because: Headache is a common side effect of nitrates. A nurse has given simple instructions on preventing some of the complications of bedrest to a client who experienced a myocardial infarction. The nurse would intervene if the client were performing which of these activities, which would be contraindicated? Isometric exercises of the arms and legs A client is at risk for pulmonary embolism and is on anticoagulant therapy with warfarin sodium (Coumadin). The nurse is told that the client's prothrombin time is 18 seconds with a control of 11 seconds. The nurse plans to: Administer the next dose of warfarin sodium. A nurse has completed nutritional counseling with an overweight client about weight reduction to modify the risk for coronary artery disease. The nurse would determine the teaching as successful if the client stated that a safe weight loss goal is: Two pounds per week A nurse understands that which of the following is a correct guideline for adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for a health care provider? [Show Less]