Cardiology Mnemonics
> Aspirin: Adverse effects ASPIRIN
Asthma, Salicylism, Peptic ulcer / Premature closure of PDA, Intestinal blood loss, Reye's
... [Show More] syndrome, Idiosyncracy , Noise (tinnitus)
> Aortic root dilatation: causes ADAMS
Aneurysm, Dissection, Ankylosing spondylitis, Marfan's syndrome, Syphilis
> Vitelline duct: Time of closure VItelline
The VItelline duct usually closes around week VI of intrauterine life.
> LVF, Management of FOAM
Frusemide 40mg iv, Oxygen, Atrovent (& Ventolin) nebs, Morphine 2.5 5 mg
> Mitral Stenosis, Complications PASTRI
Pulm ↑BP, A fib, Systemic embolism, Tricuspid regurg, Right heart failure, Infective endocarditis
> Myocardial infarct, complications ABCDE x2 Arrhythmias / Aneurysm
Bradycardia / ↓BP
Cardiac failure / cardiac tamponade Dresslers / Death!
Embolism / Extra (VSD, pap muscle rupture)
> Pericarditis DRUMSTICX
Dresslers, Rh fever / RA, Uraemia, MI, SLE, Trauma, Idiopathic, Coxsackie, Xray
> Postural Hypotension HANDI
Hypovolaemia / hypopituitarism, Addisons, Neuropathy (autonomic), Drugs (vasodilators / TCADs, diuretics, antipsychotics), Idiopathic
> Rheumatic fever:
Major criteria CASES
Carditis, Arthritis (migratory), Subcut nodules, Erythema marginatum, Syndenhams chorea Minor criteria 4PA
Pyrexia, prolonged PR, past Hx, positive (ie ↑)ESR/CRP, Arthralgia
> Occlusive arterial disease 6Ps
Pain, pallor, pulseless, parasthesia, paralysis, perishing with cold
> Splinter haemorrhages TRIP SAM Trauma, RA, Infective Endo, PAN
SLE / Sepsis, Anaemia (profound), Malignancy (haematological)
> ST elevation ELEVATION
Electrolytes, LBBB, Early Repolarization, Ventricular hypertrophy, Aneurysm, Treatment (eg pericardiocentesis), Injury (AMI, contusion), Osborne waves (hypothermia), Nonocclusive vasospasm (prinzmetal’s)
> SVT Causes SNAP
Sinus tachy, nodal tachy, a fib, paroxysmal atrial tachy
> Symptoms of aortic stenosis ASD Angina 2 years }
Syncope 1 year } prognosis Dyspnoea 6/12 }
> No apex beat DOPES
Dextrocardia (don’t say this first!), Obesity, Pleural/Pericardial effusion, Emphysema, Shock.
> 3rd Heart Sound FIPPY
Failure, Incompetence (mitral/tricuspid), Pregnancy/Pill/PE/Pericarditis, Youth
> 4th Heart Sound SHIT
Stenosis (aortic/pulmonary), Hypertension/Heart Block, Ischaemic HD, Tamponade
> Arrhythmias ARHYTHMIAL 4PC
Atrial Myxoma, Rh heart dis, HYpertension, THyrotoxicosis, Mitral valve dis, IHD, ALcohol
Pneumonia / PE / Pericardial eff, cardiomyopathy
> Atrial Fibrillation ARITHMATIC
Alcohol, Rh fever, IHD, Thyrotoxicosis, Hypertension, Mitral stenosis / MI / Myxoma (atrial)
ASD, Toxins, Idiopathic/Infective endocarditis Cardiomyopathy/Constrictive pericarditis
> Bradycardia, regular PAD HIM
Physiological (athlete, sleep) / paroxysmal, AV block (2°II, 3°), Drugs (β, dig, amiodarone) Hypothyroid / hypothermia, Icteric (severe), MI
> Dominant R wave in V1 WORD WPW, Old MI, RBBB, Dextrocardia
> EMD Arrest 4Hs 4Ts
Hypothermia, Hypo & hyper-electrolytes, Hypovolaemia, Hypoxia Toxic (including drugs), Trauma, Tamponade, Tension pneumothorax
> JVP MOP HAIR
Multiple wave form, Occludable, Postural changes
Hepatojugular reflex, Above (fills from), Impalpable, Respiratory changes
> Non-pitting lower limb oedema MI CHAM
Milroys, infection (filariasis), Congenital, Hypothyroid, Allergy, Malignancy
> Shock HEN SCAM
Hypovolaemia, Endocrine (adrenal, thyroid), Neuropathic (autonomic)
Spinal cord injury/ Sepsis, Cardiac, anapyhlaxis/ anaesthesia, anti HPT, Massive PE
> ABCDE
Treatment of Heart Failure:
ACE inhibitors; Beta-blockers; Calcium channel blockers; Diuretics; Endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitors
> All Prostitutes Take Money
The order of resuscitation for heart sounds from right to left:
Aortic, Pulmonary, Tricuspid, Mitra
> BOOMAR
Basic MI management – Bed rest, Oxygen, Opiate, Monitoring, Anticoagulation, Reduce clot size
> CHIPCHANGE
The many unwanted affects of amiodarone: Cutaneous photosensitivity, Hepatic dysfunction, Increases LDL, Pulmonary fibrosis, CNS effects, Hyper/hypothyroidism, Asymptomatic corneal deposits, peripheral [Show Less]