Strephosymbolia
means twisted symbols. The first term Orton used for dyslexia.
phonetics
the study of speech sounds in spoken
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phonological awareness
the ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the sentence, word, syllable and phoneme levels
phonemic awareness
awareness of speech sounds or phonemes in spoken words
phonics
instruction that connects sounds and letters
synthetic phonics
explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences before they are blended to form syllables or whole words
alphabetic principle
the understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by written letters
phonology
the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
fluency
reading with rapidity and automaticity
prosody
the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics
set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language, rules we communicate by
syntax
sentence structure, grammar, usage
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semantics
content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us - meaning
phoneme
smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling
sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography
the spelling of written language
orthographic memory
memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics
awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery
a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
Heuristic
Enable a person to learn for themselves
grapheme
a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding
word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine a word
blending
fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading
symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme
the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem such as awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly depend on knowledge of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology
the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make words
fricative
a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the teeth or lips / f / / sh / / z /
aspiration
puff of air
Rapid letter naming
key to automatic word recognition
decoding and encoding
refer to applying the skills of analytic and synthetic learning
decoding
recognition of the visual symbol, symbol/sound correspondence, and blending sounds into a words
McGuffey Readers
Formal reading instruction was based on "phonics" used at the beginning of the 20th Century
Dick & Jane ( "Look/Say" Method )
Thought that children would make more rapid progress reading if they identified whole words at a glance. Used from 1930s - 1960s.
Digraph
two letters that come together to make one sound
Trigraph
three letters that come together to make one sound
Quadrigraph
four letters that come together to make one sound
Diphthong
two vowels sounds blended togther in the same syllable [Show Less]