Chall's Reading Stages
Pre-reading ( Stage 0)
Learning to Read (Decoding-1 & Fluency - 2)
Reading to learn (Multiple view points - 4 & Construction 5 &
... [Show More] Reconstruction 6)
Chall's Reading Stage 0
Pre-reading: Read common signs and labels; write own names; learns letters and some sounds
Chall's Reading Stage 1
Decoding: letter sound correspondences; knows about 1,000 most common words in language; can read simple texts
Chall's Reading Stage 2
Fluency: use context clues and decoding to read
Chall's Reading Stage 3
Learning the New: uses reading as a tool to learn new information
Chall's Reading Stage 4
Multiple Viewpoints: read from a variety of viewpoints
Chall's Reading Stage 5
Construction & Reconstruction: They analyze what they read
ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: issues with executive function
Executive function
Core components are goal setting, planning, organization of behaviors over time, flexibility, attention and memory systems, and self-regulation
ALTA
Academic Language Therapy Association
1986—The Academic Language Therapy Association (ALTA) was formed to certify individuals who were trained to deliver phonetic, multisensory remediation to students with dyslexia and/or written-language disorders.
ESL
English as a second language
IDEA
Individuals with Disabilities education act:
legislation that states all persons with a disability have a right to free and public education. (Least restrictive environment)
IEP
Individualized education plan
IMSLEC
International Multi-sensory structured literacy education council: was formed to accredit MSL training programs.
MSL
Multi-sensory structured language
MSLE
Multi-sensory structured language education
NICHD
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
VAKT
Visual Auditory Kinesthetic Tactile
WRAT
Wide Range Achievement Test
M. Balmuth
Wrote "Roots of phonics: A historical introduction." (1992)
Judith Birsh
Wrote "Multi-sensory teaching of basic language skills" (2005)
Dr. Samuel Orton
coined the phrase " strephosymbolia" or twisted symbols
Strephosymbolia
twisted symbols
Adolf Kussmaul
used the phrase "word blindness" (1877)
Rudolf Berlin
used the term dyslexia to describe the loss of reading abilities in stroke victims. (1887)
included dyslexia in aphasia disorders.
Dejerine
identified reading difficulties caused by damage to the angular gyrus ( 1892)
Dr. James Hinshelwood
an ophthalmologist, reported the sudden onset of word blindness in a 58 year-old man. He advocated an alphabetic method of instruction for students with "word blindness
Dr. W. Pringle Morgan
first to describe a 14 year old boy, Percy F., who was intelligent, had good eyesight, but could not read. He was the first to describe this as a developmental, rather than acquired, disorder.
Mildred McGinnis
used multisensory intervention for children and adults with oral language disorders.
Brocca
identified the language area in the left hemisphere of the brain in 1861.
Bradley & Bryant
discovered importance of phonological awareness; two components of reading: decoding & comprehension
Weakness in ____ interferes with decoding
Phonological awareness
Norman Geschwind
theorized dyslexia resulted from damage to the brain in fetal development (1950's)
Isabelle Liberman
Developed Phonological Awareness Hierarchy
1. words in sentences
2. syllables in words
Author of "Phonology & the problems of learning to read and write"
-- clarified the role of the alphabetic principle and its relationship to phonemic and phonological awareness in reading.
Bonita Blachman
professor at Syracuse University - has done a great deal of research on phonology / reading.
Reid Lyon
latest researcher on coding
Chief, Learning Disabilities Unit, National Institutes of health
Sally Shaywitz
Connecticut Longitudinal study prevalence of dyslexia: is it developmental delay or ongoing disorder. (1983)
2002 - fMRI images of good readers more activity in left hemisphere
Joseph Torgesen
Principal investigator; reading researcher for NICHD
Jeanne Chall
Wrote "Learning to Read" (1996)
theorized 5 Stages of reading
wrote many books on reading development and instructional methods
Aylette Cox & Luke Wiatts
wrote Alphabetic Phonics: a dyslexia program at Texas Scottish Rite Hospital using OG based methodology (1965) [Show Less]