accommodations
reduced assignments; adapted test procedures; and use of computers, calculators, and tape recorders
*This term is not used in the
... [Show More] IDA
alphabetic language
a language , such as English in which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds or phonemes
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alphabetic principle
the concept that the letters on the page represent the sounds in spoken words
analytic
separates the whole word into its constituent parts so that the students can deduce the phonic relationships of the separate orthographic patterns
WHOLE TO PART = reading
assessment
use of the child's educational history, proven methods and tools of psych-educational evaluation to clarify and confirm teacher and parent concerns.
auditory discovery
listening and responding to guided questions to discover new information, such as when students echo words dictated by the teacher to discover a new common sound
chalk talk
writing on the board or table top
chameleon prefix
prefix whose final consonant changes based on the initial letter of the base word or root
the result is easier to say and often results in a double consonant
euphony
a pleasing sound (Greek)
Conners Report
used to rate ADHD
criterion-referenced test
a test in which performance is assessed in terms of the kind of behavior expected of a person with a given score
it shows an item-by-item description of knowledge attained and knowledge yet to be acquired
curriculum-referenced test
a test in which items are taken from the curriculum used in that child's classroom so the student will not be tested on material that hasn't been taught
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decode
to determine the pronunciation of a word by noting the position of the vowels and consonants
digraph
two adjacent consonants or two adjacent vowels in the same syllable representing a single speech sound
diphthong
two adjacent vowels in the same syllable whose sounds blend together with a slide or shift during the production of the syllable
directionality
the direction used in language for reading and writing
English is governed by left to right directionality
discovery learning
also called Socratic Method, is learning through guided questioning
dyscalculia
math related disorder
dysgraphia
trouble with small motor writing skills
dyslexia
a specific language-based disorder of constitutional origin involving atypical phonological processing ability and correlated weaknesses; which are not the result of inadequate intellectual potential, instructional or environmental opportunity, motivation, sensory anomalies or other unrelated cause, and are manifested by variable difficulty with expressive and receptive language, often including a conspicuous problem with acquiring proficiency in reading, writing, and spelling
echolalia
repeating sounds over and over, 6 to 12 months of age
encoding
Spelling
explicit, direct instruction
instruction that is systematic (structured), sequential, and cumulative
instruction is organized and presented in a way that follows a logical sequential plan, fits the nature of language (alphabetic principle) with no assumption of prior skills of language knowledge, and maximizes student engagement
expository writing
writing that explains or informs, including persuasive, descriptive, and compare/contrast compositions
expressive language
spelling/writing
FAPE (Free Appropriate Public Education)
ensures that students with disabilities receive necessary education and services without cost to the family
Fernald Method
technique for learning words that involves the visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile (VAKT) modalities
the student looks at a word while saying and tracing it.
fluency
the ability to read with speed, accuracy, and proper expression
it is one of several critical factors necessary for reading comprehension
grapheme
a written letter or letter cluster representing a single speech sound
graphophonemic knowledge
an understanding of the letter-sound plan in which words that carry meaning are made of sounds, and sounds are written with letters in the right order
students with this understanding can blend sounds associated with letters into words and can separate words into component sounds for spelling and writing
guided discovery teaching
the manner presenting new material or concepts so they can be deduced or discovered by students
hyperlexia
disability characterized by early precocious reading ability or a fascination with letters, words or numbers
this is accompanied by limited comprehension, difficulty with verbal language, difficulties with social interaction and other autistic traits
they are visual learners - understand what they see much better than what they hear [Show Less]