BUSI 409 Midterm Exam answers perfection 2022-2023 scientists study nonprofits organizations from the perspective of power relationships between citizens
... [Show More] and government. A criticism of strategic planning is that it does not always produce: Examine the six behaviors that Herman and Heimovics observed among the effective, board-centered executives they studied. Ascertain if these behaviors were reflected in the boards they studied. Determine which type of organization—a business or a nonprofit— where success is more difficult to come by? Why? This approach to pricing, in which the price charged to the customer or client is set to cover what it costs the organization to produce or provide it, is called: A national organization and one of its local chapters is writing a statement outlining how they will share resources. This is an example of: According to Higgins, nonprofit organizations have: enables the system to adapt to changing circumstances. In the simplest of definitions, is the transmission or exchange of information. Salamon’s Anatomy classifies nonprofit organizations by: Very high may suggest that an organization is inefficient, or even participating in unethical or fraudulent behavior. Almost of the revenue of charitable nonprofits comes from government grants and payments for services under programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. What is a disadvantage of the concept of collective impact? are functions that the organization is required to perform, perhaps by its charter or law. A lack of leadership by the CEO of a nonprofit organization will eventually lead to: Burnett defines this as “a name, term, sign, symbol, design, or a combination of these that is intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and differentiate them from those of competitors.” The double bottom line concept means CEOs must: In a commercial transaction, a occurs when you give something up (money) in exchange for a reward that you receive, whether an education, a concert, or medical care. A nonprofit organization’s finance committee is listening to the advice of a financial expert on how they should manage the organization’s investments. The board is practicing which duty? A board of directors wants to hold an organizational retreat so they can interact with the CEO, staff, and volunteers of their organization. The board is implementing which leadership theory? Forrer states a key characteristic of collaborations is that they: Organizations that are exempt under Section 501 (c)(4), whose purpose is to work for social change are referred to by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as: These are organizations that exist for the sole purpose of directing money to other nonprofits. Rosa is telling a donor that his donation to her organization is tax deductible. Rosa is communicating a to the potential donor. Most nonprofit CEOs are recruited: The various life-stage theories have many critics, but the theories reflect a(n) consistent with the values of most nonprofit organizations. A board of directors has hired a consultant to evaluate their nonprofit organization’s legal compliance. According to Patton’s dashboard, the nonprofit is assessing the organization’s: A nonprofit organization developed a dashboard that integrates internal and external variables that influence program performance. The organization is using which measure of performance? A board of directors has hired a consultant to evaluate their nonprofit organization’s legal compliance. According to Patton’s dashboard, the nonprofit is assessing the organization’s: Ascertain the importance of word-of-mouth communication for a nonprofit organization? Almost of the revenue of charitable nonprofits comes from government grants and payments for services under programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Which term is defined as nonprofits that have a social objective but blend traditional nonprofit methods and commercial principles in their generation of revenue? There are an increasing number of organizations that operate under both nonprofit and for- profit legal forms that are often referred to as: What is intended to encourage charitable giving and sustain the services provided by charitable organizations? A nonprofit that qualifies under Section 501 (c)(3) cannot support candidates for public office and must limit its expenditures on: This principle prevents government funds from going directly to religious congregations or to organizations that would use them for religious activities. Organizations that are exempt under Section 501 (c)(4), whose purpose is to work for social change are referred to by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as: The National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) divides nonprofit organizations into categories based on the organization’s: If measured by the total number of organizations, the largest subsector of charitable nonprofits is the: If measured by total revenue, the number of employees, and its share of total wages and salaries, which subsector of charitable nonprofits is the largest nonprofit sector? These are organizations that exist for the sole purpose of directing money to other nonprofits. Private foundations most often are funded by: Unlike public charities, private foundations are not permitted to engage in: Exempt activities are those that: According to Sabeti a critical mass of organizations is occurring within the public, nonprofit, and private sectors creating a: In the social enterprise spectrum described by Dees and colleagues, which type of organization uses only volunteers for its workforce? The National Geographic Society is a nonprofit organization that also has a for-profit subsidiary. Increased government spending on social programs in the 1960s and early 1970s began with President Lyndon B. Johnson. Beginning in the 1980s, federal spending for many social programs was sharply reduced under President Gerald R. Ford. Some believe that commercialization of the nonprofit sector may result in profit being placed ahead of mission. According to the “trust theory” of nonprofits, scholars believe the public trusts nonprofits because they believe nonprofit leaders are driven by altruistic motivations. A majority of citizens in a community do not agree with a minority of citizens that the community needs a nonprofit organization to serve the needs of homeless citizens. This sentence is an example of: An approach taken by some sociologists to explain the birth and death of organizations, which analyzes organizations in terms of population density, is: A nonprofit organization replaced the windows and painting the building it occupies. The beautification enhanced the image of the organization and improved the property values of the residences located across the street. This is an example of a(an): A nonprofit organization decides to manufacture its own brand of aspirin to sell to its clients. The nonprofit is applying: A nonprofit organization provides training sessions to encourage its volunteers to embrace the organization’s vision, mission, and values. The nonprofit is applying: Board members of a nonprofit organization are calculating the salary offer for a new CEO. The board wants to ensure the salary pays the new CEO fairly for the knowledge and skills he will provide the organization. The board members are practicing: enables the system to adapt to changing circumstances. Mary is writing strict organizational policies for a public sector organization. Mary is practicing: Nonprofits are driven by: Nonprofits are not allowed to undertake experimentation with regard to research and development of new programs. Normative isomorphism arises when organizations are influenced by the same standards of: One significant risk of resource dependency is actions taken by the nonprofit to alter its goals and activities to satisfy the contributor of funds. This is also called One way to reduce dependency and thus maintain more autonomy is to: refers to the tendency of organizations to mimic each other, specifically in models to be adopted. Salamon identifies nonprofits as: Sociologists describe nonprofits as: The CEO of a nonprofit organization is preparing a data information system to monitor if organizational donations are meeting an organizational goal. The CEO is controlling his organization’s performance through the use of: The concept that maintains that organizations in the same field become more like each other as a result of facing similar influences from their environments is: The term “open systems” means that nonprofits are dependent on and interact with their external environment. The is a guide for actions taken by nonprofit organizations and the principal standard against which performance should be measured. This theory attributes the existence of nonprofit organizations to the vision and initiative of individuals who have created and built them This theory explains the behavior of organizations in terms of their dependence on external constituencies. This type of system is entirely self-sufficient and impervious to influences from its environment. When individuals do not have complete information or lack the ability to understand or judge the quality of the good they seek to purchase, there is: A nonprofit organization’s board of director’s is concerned about how the organization’s values and beliefs affect capacity building. The board of director’s is applying the: are functions that the organization is required to perform, perhaps by its charter or law Bryson defines this as “a disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide what an organization... is, what it does, and why it exists.” CEOs may not allow volunteers and clients to read the strategic plan. Marty is holding a meeting with his staff and volunteers to solicit their ideas for organizational improvement. Marty is applying which type of capacity as described by Letts? Once a strategic plan has been written, it should be used to stimulate wider discussion throughout the organization and its constituencies. One of Kearns’s three approaches to formulating strategy for an organization maintains that strategy evolves out of experience as the organization goes along, one decision at a time, buffeted by bargaining and the push-and-pull of its constituencies. One of the benefits of strategic planning is that it helps build wide consensus and common understanding about mission, vision, values, goals, and strategies. That benefit is sacrificed if: Robert is unhappy that his grant application was rejected because it was written as a means for covering his nonprofit organization’s operating costs. This is an example of grant makers: Staff and volunteers are what part of a nonprofit’s capacity? Strategic planning is focused on the day-to-day operations of the nonprofit. Strategic planning may not make sense for an organization that: The board of directors of a nonprofit organization is planning to hold public listening sessions as a means to identify and associate with others sharing similar interest. The board is attempting to build capacity by: The Cat Shack nonprofit organization’s operating fund grew rapidly but has decreased greatly. According to Brothers and Sherman The Cat Shack would be at what stage of the life cycle? The detailed work of producing an operational plan generally needs to be done primarily by: The gradual evolution away from the organization’s purpose into ancillary activities that may eventually result in an organization that is very unfocused is called: The mission statement explains the reason an organization exists. The is used to evaluate company products or services based on the rate of growth in a particular market and the share of the total market that their products and services represent. This identifies the characteristics, values, perceptions, expectations, and concerns of stakeholders, including clients or customers, donors, and relevant government officials. This is a technique used by business firms to determine it their various programs, products, and services are in line with their strategies and goals. This method relates to the actions necessary to implement the strategic plan. What are specific, quantified targets that represent steps toward accomplishing goals? Which of La Piana’s three levels of strategies appears at the top of the pyramid, and thus is addressed first? Traditional SWOT analysis views as significant new business initiatives available to a healthcare organization. Examples include collaboration among healthcare organizations through the development of healthcare delivery networks, increased funding for healthcare informatics, community partnering to develop new healthcare programs, and the introduction of clinical protocols to improve quality and efficiency. Integrated healthcare delivery networks have an opportunity to influence healthcare policy at the local, state, and national levels. To further refine planning decisions, SWOT analysis can be supplemented by ( ) ( ). Research shows there are significant gaps in healthcare practice and that these gaps cause providers to make inaccurate assessments of patients’ conditions and provide the wrong types of care. The result is poor clinical outcomes. Gaps in healthcare include lack of knowledge, lack of motivation, poor access to information, variations in patient culture and education, lack of resources, and system barriers that limit teamwork. A detailed, comprehensive document that encompasses elements of strategic, marketing, business, and operational plans organization is called a: Careful business plans will include a(an) that shows how projected results will vary if the assumptions are wrong by some percentage. Critics of earned income do not always acknowledge that of nonprofit business ventures providing human and social services are “directly or closely related to their missions.” Financial donations to nonprofit organizations are referred to as: In a , the company pays for the use of its name or logo in connection with the nonprofit’s products or events. Most business plans begin with a(an) that gives a thorough but succinct overview of the major points made in the following sections of the plan. The board of a nonprofit organization is studying data retrieved from a feasibility study to determine if there is a marketplace demand for a new service. The board is looking at which part of the organization’s business plan? The nonprofit’s principal contribution to the partnership is its name, recognition, and reputation, for which the corporation is willing to pay in order to enhance its own visibility, image, and sales. Such relationships are largely an exchange of: This is a contract that permits a for-profit company to use the nonprofit’s name or logo on its products in return for a royalty payment to the nonprofit. This is an arrangement under which the company contributes either a fixed amount for each sale of a product or a specified percentage of its sales of a product to the nonprofit, usually in connection with a short-term promotion. This is income from payment for goods or services that the nonprofit has provided. Ultimately, who is responsible for making the decision if a nonprofit organization should enter into a business partnership? A business-supply company made a gift to a location nonprofit organization of free office supplies for one year. This type of gift is referred to as: A campaign is not announced to the public until a significant portion of its total goal has been raised as part of a during what is known as the campaign’s quiet period. An important tool in planning and managing a campaign is the , which reflects the proportional giving necessary to achieve the campaign’s overall goal, starting with a lead gift that is at least 10 percent of the goal, and then doubling the number of gifts needed at each successively lower dollar level. A nonprofit organization used social media to develop a large network of donors. This is an example of: are required to expend a minimum of an amount equivalent to five percent of the value of their invested assets each year, for either grants or operating expenses. A tool commonly used to evaluate the efficiency of a fundraising effort is: In campaigns, prospects are solicited in a planned sequence beginning with those closest to the organization and the most promising prospects, proceeding later to those who are less related or who are deemed to have less financial potential. This is known as: Robert and Betty invested in an insurance policy with their college alumni association being the beneficiary. This is an example of which type of giving? Robert made a large financial gift to the hospice that provided his wife with end-of-life care in gratitude for their service. Robert would be classified as a type of donor. These types of foundations support their own programs and generally do not make grants to other organizations. This is a formal, written document that states the mutual understandings of the donor and the organization This is a statement in an individual’s will or living trust dictating that on his or her death, some amount or portion of his or her estate is to be given to a charitable organization. This subspecialty in fundraising encompasses all the back-office operations such as gift recording and acknowledgment, prospect research, and information systems management. In order to respond quickly to customer needs with customized products and services, organizational structures have evolved from relatively boundary-less, empowered, networked organizations to rigid, vertically integrated, hierarchical, autocratic structures Functional and divisional structures are the sub-categories of the following structure. This structure divides work and employees by specialization. It is a hierarchical, usually vertically integrated, structure. It emphasizes standardization in organization and processes for specialized employees in relatively narrow jobs. This traditional type of organization forms departments such as production, sales, research and development, accounting, HR, and marketing. Each department has a separate function and specializes in that area. For example, all HR professionals are part of the same function and report to a senior leader of HR. The same reporting process would be true for other functions, such as finance or operations. This structure most often divides work and employees by output, although a divisional structure could be divided by another variable such as market or region. For example, a business that sells men’s, women’s and children’s clothing through retail, e-commerce and catalog sales in the Northeast, Southeast and Southwest could be using a divisional structure in one of three ways: Product— [Show Less]