BISC 160 Exam 3 Practice Tests 86 Questions with Verified Answers
After transcription, you will always have... - CORRECT ANSWER an RNA
In
... [Show More] prokaryotes, a chromosome is __________ and in eukaryotes, a chromosome is _________ - CORRECT ANSWER circular, wrapped around proteins
DNA polymerase reads the template for the lagging strand from __________ and reads the template for the leading strand from ____________ - CORRECT ANSWER 3'-5', 3'-5'
Which statement about okazaki fragments is false?
A. they use a template that is oriented from 3' to 5'
B. they are synthesized from 5' to 3'
C. they are synthesized as fragments of the lagging strand
D. RNA polymerase builds a molecule to provide a 3'OH group
E. Ligase links together the fragments - CORRECT ANSWER D
in cervical cancers, the cancer cells have a mutated RB that causes cells to divide. The non-mutated form of RB must be a(n) ______________ because it normally ___________ cell division. - CORRECT ANSWER tumor suppressor gene; inhibits
Correct order and location of events necessary to perform gene expression on the p53 gene? - CORRECT ANSWER Transcription in the nucleus; translation at ribosomes
in the activity using poison frogs, the reason poison frogs can avoid poisoning themselves is because they have a ___________ mutation and that mutation ___________ the ion channel to open. - CORRECT ANSWER missense, will not cause
Which of the following statements about DNA is false?
A. it is right handed
B. it contains thymine, adenine, guanine, or cytosine
C. it has grooves of different size
D. it can be single stranded
E. when double stranded, the strands are antiparallel - CORRECT ANSWER D
the direction of each of the two strands of DNA is determined by... - CORRECT ANSWER the hydroxyl group of the 3' Carbon
In order to build a new strand of DNA, DNA polymerase uses the __________ to get the __________ it requires. - CORRECT ANSWER RNA primer, Hydroxyl group
During replication, the leading strand... - CORRECT ANSWER does not require DNA ligase
when a cell is in interphase, which of these processes does not occur?
A. synthesis of the spindle
B. transcription and translation
C. DNA replication
D. attachment of spindle to the kinetochore
E. building of sister chromatids - CORRECT ANSWER D
if a mutation that changes a G to a C occurs, the result would be a... - CORRECT ANSWER nonsense mutation
transcription factors will not... - CORRECT ANSWER alter the structure of mRNA
At cell cycle checkpoints, several proteins are used to determine whether a cell will divide. One constructively expressed protein is ___________ and an inducible gene is ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER RB, Cyclin
DNA is replicated using endergonic condensation reactions. The energy for that reaction comes from... - CORRECT ANSWER dNTPs
cell division is not used for what? - CORRECT ANSWER making proteins
if a cell is able to move into mitosis, what has to happen? - CORRECT ANSWER translation of cyclin must be induced
when a cell regulates gene expression, it can do all but which of the following?
A. alter the genes present in a cell
B. repress the production of a protein
C. turn on transcription
D. block the action of a transcription factor
E. induce the expression of a protein - CORRECT ANSWER A
in a cell that is 2N = 44 there are __ sets of chromosomes and ___ homologous pairs? - CORRECT ANSWER 2, 22
what is a prediction from the experiments used by meselsohn and stahl? - CORRECT ANSWER if DNA replication is conservative, then the new molecule will have only light nitrogen
if a cell has 20 chromosomes in G2, after S phase it will have... - CORRECT ANSWER 20
in order to move through mitosis, the cell must use the spindle. the spindle is made up of _______ and moves to either end of the cell during ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER microtubules, prometaphase
in order to start translation, what is required? - CORRECT ANSWER the anticodon in tRNA finds start codon
gene expression is regulated in all cells because... - CORRECT ANSWER gene products can be used to allosterically regulate enzymes
the signal to stop transcription is __________ and the signal to stop translation is ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER in DNA after stop codon, on the mRNA
If Mildred forgot to add the dNTPs to one of her PCR reactions. The reaction did not work because the Taq DNA polymerase _________
A. would not have a 3'OH group
B. will not be able to unwind the template DNA
C. will not be able to extend the new DNA strand because there is no substrate
D. will not be able to form a phosphodiester bond because there is no energy
E. C and D - CORRECT ANSWER E
what are the purposes of cell division? - CORRECT ANSWER growth, reproduction, and regeneration
most mutations are corrected in DNA by ________ and _______ of DNA polymerase. - CORRECT ANSWER proofreading and repair
naturally caused mutations - CORRECT ANSWER spontaneous
external factor caused mutations - CORRECT ANSWER induced
what is the initiation sequence for transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER TATA box
what is gene expression? - CORRECT ANSWER a gene is being transcribed or translated
sperm and egg cells - CORRECT ANSWER germ line
Chargaff's Rule - CORRECT ANSWER A=T and C=G, uniform diameter
if you damage your dna from going to the tanning bed, which is likely to directly interact with cyclin to prevent that cell from continuing in the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER p21
PCR does not need _______ to break hydrogen bonds because it uses ______ - CORRECT ANSWER helicase, heat
G1/S checkpoint - CORRECT ANSWER DNA damage
S/G2 checkpoint - CORRECT ANSWER incomplete replication
G2/M checkpoint - CORRECT ANSWER DNA damage
M checkpoint - CORRECT ANSWER spindle doesn't attach
which of the following is not a product of transcription?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. microRNA
D. nRNA
E. snRNA - CORRECT ANSWER D
cancer is caused by _________ being over-active and ____________ being removed/absent. - CORRECT ANSWER oncogene, tumor suppressor
mutation with no change in function - CORRECT ANSWER silent
mutation with a new protein formed - CORRECT ANSWER missense
mutation that produces stop codon - CORRECT ANSWER nonsense
a molecular machine responsible for removal of introns in the RNA sequence - CORRECT ANSWER spliceosome
steps of translation - CORRECT ANSWER initiation, elongation, termination
Explain the EPA sites on rRNA - CORRECT ANSWER E-exit, P-polypeptide, A-binding to anticodon
clownfish have diploid number of 48 chromosomes. how many chromosomes would each clownfish zygote have? - CORRECT ANSWER 48
before cell division, what process needs to take place? - CORRECT ANSWER DNA replication
cytokinesis in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER vesicles
Cytokinesis in animal cells - CORRECT ANSWER cleavage furrow
in order for a cell to go passed G1/S, _______ has to be phosphorylated by binding to _______ which is activated by __________. - CORRECT ANSWER RB, CDK, Cyclin
if a cell going through G1/S is damaged, then ______ would act as an inhibitor activated by _______ - CORRECT ANSWER p21, p53
changes on a single nucleotide sequence - CORRECT ANSWER point mutations
large changes on a chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER chromosomal mutations
BCL-2 gene codes for proteins that ensure damaged cells undergo apoptosis if necessary. They contribute to preventing these damaged cells from dividing. This means BCL-2 would be a - CORRECT ANSWER tumor suppressor
what are you not likely to find in metaphase? - CORRECT ANSWER nucleus
which of the following can break hydrogen bonds in DNA?
A. helicase
B. heat
C. RNA polymerase
D. A and C only
E. A, B, and C - CORRECT ANSWER E
which strand will grow away from the replication fork? - CORRECT ANSWER lagging
A strawberry at the grocery store is 8n=56. how many chromosomes would the egg of a strawberry have? - CORRECT ANSWER 28
Microtubules that form the mitotic spindle tend to originate from ________ and terminate in ________ - CORRECT ANSWER centrioles, kinetochores
which type of molecule transfers information from mRNA to protein? - CORRECT ANSWER tRNA
define gene - CORRECT ANSWER code for protein
does mitosis or meiosis generate genetic diversity? - CORRECT ANSWER meiosis
enzymes of DNA synthesis in order - CORRECT ANSWER primase, DNA polymerase, ligase
where is the transcription initiation site located - CORRECT ANSWER right after the promoter
an mRNA molecule with 360 codons. how many nucleotides would it have? - CORRECT ANSWER 1080
in an organism that has an alteration of generations life cycle, ___________ makes spores while _________ makes gametes. - CORRECT ANSWER meiosis, mitosis
function of helicase - CORRECT ANSWER Unzips DNA
function of SSBPs - CORRECT ANSWER keeps strands separated
Function of RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER add RNA primers, open 3-OH
Function of DNA polymerase III - CORRECT ANSWER add nucleotides
Function of DNA polymerase I - CORRECT ANSWER removes primase
function of ligase - CORRECT ANSWER connects okazaki fragments
asexual reproduction produces genetically identical individuals because - CORRECT ANSWER no meiosis or fertilization takes place
what type of RNA is being converted into a protein in translation? - CORRECT ANSWER mRNA
what are the two primary functions of DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER replicate and transcribe
describe the relationship between mitosis and cancer - CORRECT ANSWER uncontrolled division
Which finding would be the most plausible?
A. A pre-RNA strand is longer than the corresponding mature mRNA.
B. A pre-RNA strand is shorter than the corresponding mature mRNA.
C. The nucleotides of a pre-RNA strand are in a different order from those of the corresponding mature mRNA.
D. A mature mRNA strand contains more introns than the corresponding pre-RNA.
E.Introns scramble the order of genes. - CORRECT ANSWER A
After translation, the polypeptide chains of some proteins are cut by a process called - CORRECT ANSWER proteolysis
In organisms that display alternation of generations, - CORRECT ANSWER gametophytes are haploid and zygotes are diploid.
During initiation, the sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds most tightly is the - CORRECT ANSWER promoter
The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition. Some of this difference is the result of - CORRECT ANSWER replication of DNA in S phase
The number of chromosomes per nuclei is reduced to haploid during - CORRECT ANSWER telophase II [Show Less]