BIOS 195\BIOS 195 MIDTERM EXAM WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
BIOS 195\BIOS 195 MIDTERM EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
(TCO2) Which of thefollowing is a common
... [Show More] second messenger used in
signaling pathways active bywater-soluble hormones?
– RIGHT -CAMP
(TCO2) Antidiuretic hormone(ADH) and oxytocin aresecreted from the
RIGHT -posterior pituitary gland.
(TCO2) Calcitonin is a hormonereleased by the parafollicularcellsof the
RIGHT -thyroid gland.
(TCO2) Which of thefollowing hormones isor areresponsiblefor the
fight-or- flight response?
RIGHT - Both epinephrine and norepinephrine
(TCO2)Thecells in the pancreatic islets that secreteinsulin are
RIGHT - beta cells.
(TCO2) Cushing'ssyndromeis dueto hypersecretion of
RIGHT - glucocorticoids.
(TCO2) Which of thefollowing pituitary hormonescontrols adrenalcortex
activities?
RIGHT - ACTH
(TCO2) Sally is 10 years old and has just been diagnosed with diabetes
mellitus. Her grandmother (who is65 years old) has also been diagnosed
with diabetes. Sally is having a hard time understanding why she needs
injections whereas her grandmother is able to control her diabetes with
just diet and oral medication. Explain to Sally why their treatments are
different based upon cellular and glandular differences in their two
conditions.
RIGHT - Sally has Type I diabetes that is due to an autoimmune
destruction of the beta cells of theislet of Langerhanscells in the
pancreas. The beta cells secreteinsulin, which is needed for entry of
glucose intomost body cells. Because of this, Sally's body uses fatty acids
that lead to the production of ketone bodiesthat leads to a drop in blood
pH (ketoacidosis) that can cause death. In contrast, her grandmother has
Type II diabetes that is usually due to excess weight. Her pancreas is
intact and probably still secretes insulin but her body cells are less
sensitive to the insulin. For the most part, this form is controlled with
diet and occasional medications (Diabeta) to stimulate the beta cells of
the pancreas.
(TCO3) Describethe process of mitosis. When does DNA
replication occur?
RIGHT -
(1) Prophase: thechromatin condenses and shortens intovisible
chromosomes, the nucleoli disappear, and the nuclear membrane breaks
down. The mitotic spindle is formed during this stage of mitosis. (2)
Metaphase: the chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate (equatorial
plate). (3) Anaphase: the centromeres split, the sister chromatids
separate, and each daughter chromosome moves toward the opposite
polesof thecell. (3) Telophase:chromosomal movement stops,
microtubules disappear, and a nuclear envelope reforms. DNA replication
occurs during interphase (called S-phase).
(TCO3)You exercise and your muscles generateexcess heat. What arethe
major processes that are used by your body to eliminate this waste
heat? [Show Less]