York
BIOL 3150
Final EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
BIOL 3150
Lecture 1
Topic:
SARS vs. Flu
• SARS was restricted to China, Vietnam and Singapore (epidemic)
... [Show More] Whereas
flu is spread throughout the globe (pandemic)
• The reason we get the difference in how these diseases spread is because of
communicability
• If something is very communicable= its easily spread (i.e. from animal to
human then human to human ex. Flu)
• If something is not very communicable= not that easily spread (i.e. from
animal to human but once the human gets it cant spread it to other humans
ex. SARS)
• SARS is not as communcle as the Flu.
• Zooinotic disease= Any condition that can be spread from animal to person
Prevalence versus Incidence
• Prevalence= The number of cases of a disease in a population (older and
more recent previously existing cases).
• Incidence= The number of new cases of a disease in a given period of time
(Specific time period can vary according to the disease. EX ecoli and HIV)
• How are these terms tied to disease outbreaks?
o Because look at prevalence and incidence levels when trying to figure
out if a disease is pandemic or epidemic
Epidemic versus Pandemic (refer to a specific disease)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• Epidemic: The occurrence of the disease in an unusually high number of
individuals in a population (very high numbers of that disease in a given
population)
o Have to consider that some conditions are often present all the time,
but when the number increases above that baseline norm within that
population get epidemic
o Very confined (i.e. SARS restricted to China/ Hong Kong). Is based
on the countries effected and their geographic location
• Pandemic: A worldwide occurrence of a disease (spread through populations
as well but, in a large region i.e. across continents or worldwide)
o i.e. HIV found every where, not restricted to certain countries or
populations
• Endemic: A disease that is always present, but in low numbers (expected
people to be infected)
o Remains at a steady rate (i.e. chicken pox)
Mortality versus Morbidity (disease in general)
• Mortality= incidence of death regardless of what reason (disease in general)
• Morbidity= the number of people who have a certain condition (disease) in
general (all disease in general both fatal or non fatal) [Show Less]