The LEP gene codes for an anorexigenic hormone. Interestingly, breastfeeding has been shown to alter
methylation of the promoter of this gene, leading
... [Show More] to increased LEP expression. What is likely happening
in response to breastfeeding?
Correct Answer- Breastfeeding decreases the methylation of the promoter of the LEP gene, increasing
the spacing between nucleosomes.
A patient with xeroderma pigmentosum is prone to developing multiple skin cancers starting in
childhood. This occurs because of a mutation in a gene that codes for enzymes that help repair DNA
damage through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways. How does NER differ from other repair
mechanisms? In NER:
Correct Answer- The error in one strand of DNA is removed as well as several nucleotides on either side
of the error. The gap that was removed is filled in by DNA polymerase
Several components of cigarette smoke, including benzopyrene, insert themselves (intercalate) into the
DNA and lead to several types of mutations such as frameshift mutations, including both insertions and
deletion. Which of the following repair pathways would be used to repair this type of damage?
Correct Answer- Nucleotide excision repair is used to repair deletions, insertions, and helix-distorting
lesions, such as thymine dimers
Interaction between the two amino acids shown below can help stabilize the structure of a protein.
What kind of interaction is this?
Correct Answer- Hydrophobic Interaction
Which of the following forces can lead to aggregation as a result of protein misfolding?
Correct Answer- Hydrophobic interactions
Which of the following statements about protein structure and stability is true?
Correct Answer- Ionic bonds between the side chains of the charged amino acids stabilize the protein
structure
Primary structure consists of the order of ______ in a protein. These are held together with ______
bonds that are formed by a ______ reaction.
Correct Answer- Amino acids, peptide, dehydration
What type of reaction breaks peptide bonds apart?
Correct Answer- Hydrolysis Reaction [Show Less]