BIOCHEMISTRY BLUE-PACOP
1. What two enzymes are used to bypass the pyruvate kinase reaction of glycolysis?
I. pyruvate carboxylase
II. PEP
... [Show More] carboxykinase
III. Fructose biphosphatase
IV. Glucose-6-phosphate
A. I & II D. II & IV
B. III & IV E. II & III
C. I &III
2. Which of the following includes the main goals of Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
I. produce ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis
II. produce NADPH and NADP for oxidoreductive biochemical synthesis
III. to interconvert pentoses and hexoses
A. I & II D. I, II & III
B. II & III
C. I & III
3. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the secondary structure of nucleic acids?
I. Guanine forms base pairs with cytosine via 2 hydrogen bonds
II. The B form of the DNA is the most common in biological systems
III. The breaking of H-bonds caused by high temperature is called melting
A. I,II & III D. I & II
B. I & II E. II only
C. II & III
4. The phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate forms the potent secondary messengers inositol triphosphate & diacylglycerol via what enzyme?
A. Phospholipase A D. Phospholipase B
B. Phospholipase C
C. Phospholipase D
5. Which of the following is not true regarding the four enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain?
A. Complex I is known as the NADH-CoQ Oxidoreductases
B. Complex II is known as Succinate-CoQ Oxidoreductases
C. Complex III is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
D. Complex IV is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
6. Glucose and mannose are epimers at:
A. Carbon 4 C. Carbon 3
B. Carbon 2 D. Carbon 5
7. One important endogenous molecule for synthetic biotransformation of xenobiotics is glucoronic acid. It is actually the most dominant conjugative biotransformation pathway due to the readily available source of glucose. It is produce from glucose via:
A. Oxidation at carbon 1 C. Oxidation at carbon 6
B. Oxidation at carbon 2 D. Oxidation at carbon 1 & 6
8. Which of the following is not true about protein structure determination?
A. NMR is the primary means of determining protein structure
B. Protein are difficult to crystallize, a disadvantage of x-ray crystallography
C. An advantage of the use of the NMR is that proteins analyzed are in their natural state
D. Large and very complex proteins can only be analyzed by x-ray crystallography
9. Tertiary structures of proteins are primarily stabilized by
I. H-bonds
II. Hydrophobic interactions
III. Ionic bonds
IV. Disulfide bonds
A. I & III D. I, II& IV
B. II & IV E. II, III & IV
C. I,III & IV
10. In an uncompetitive inhibition of enzymatic action :
A. Inhibitor binds either to the free enzyme or the enzyme substrate complex
B. Lineweaver-Burk plots of the enzyme alone (control) & the enzyme + inhibitor are parallel to each other
C. The apparent Km is raised
D. The Vmax is unaffected
11. Which biomolecule is not considered a biopolymer?
A. Proteins D. Nucleic acids
B. Lipids E. Fat
C. Carbohydrates
12. It is regarded as the universal biological energy currency
A. Adenosine triphosphate C. Uncouplers
B. Guanosine triphosphate D. Calories
13. This is the final electron receptor of the electron transport chain
A. Complex I C. Complex V
B. Complex II D. Complex IV
14. The most accepted hypothesis regarding oxidative phosphorylation is
A. Chemical coupling D. Lock and Key Theory
B. Conformational coupling E. Diffusion
C. Chemiostatic hypothesis
15. This is a quantitative study of the energy transformationsin the living cell
A. Bioenergetics C. Proteonomics
B. Thermodynamics D. Metabolomics
16. Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle
A. ACTH C. Epinephrine
B. Glutemine D. Prolactin
17. Which vitamin can be used in the management of hyperlipidemia?
A. Thiamine C. Niacin
B. Riboflavin D. Panthotenic acid
18. Bond between 2 amino acids
A. Glycosidic bond C. Peptide Bond
B. N-glycosyl linkage D. Hydrogen bond
19. Beta oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the
A. Cytosol C. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Mitochondria D. Ribosomes
20. The pentose phosphate pathway occur in the of the liver, muscle and kidney.
A. cytosol C. endoplasmic reticulum
B. mitochondria D. ribosomes
21. The isoelctric point is the
A. pH where the alpha amino acid exist in its negatively charged form
B. pH wherein the amino acid exist in zwitterionic form
C. Temperature at which the amino acid denatures
D. Pressure at which the amino acid hydrolyzes
22. This is the only optically inactive amino acid
A. methionine C. Citrulline
B. Lysine D. glycine
23. This level of protein structure is applicable only to those have several subunits
A. Primary C. Tertiary
B. Secondary D. Quaternary
24. Arginine is the only metabolite of the urea cycle that does not accumulate because
A. It is readily excreted
B. It is used up by the body for protein synthesis
C. There is no known deficiency in the enzyme that catabolizes it
D. It can ve acquired from food
25. This is the genetic condition characterized by deficiency of the enzyme branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase
A. Maple syrup disease C. Kwashiorkor
B. Hartnup disease D. Marasmus
26. These are compounds related to cerebrosides that contain sphingsine, long chain fatty acids, hexoses (usually galactose or glucose) and neuramic acid
A. cephalins C. cytolipins
B. gangliosides D. lecithins
27. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion fructose-6-P to fructose-1,6-bis-P
A. hexokinase C. PFK
B. pyruvate kinase D. glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
28. Which of the following is called transamination?
A. Conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl groups
B. Conversion of amino acids to keto acids
C. Loss of ammonia from amino acids
D. Formation of ammonium salts from ammonia E.
29. The sugar involved in the DNA
A. ribose C. deoxyribose
B. pentose D. xylose
30. Thisis the reason why blood AB is considered as the universal recipient.
A. It is the most common among the ABO blood types
B. Blood type AB has neither A nor B substances
C. Blood type AB has either anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
D. All of the above
31. Which one is true regarding the structures of lipids?
A.Eicosanopentanoic acid is a saturated fatty acid
B. They may exist as esters of cholesterol when they are enclosed in very low density
C. Linoleic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid
D. Capric acid contains 12 carbons
32. This is the product of basic hydrolysis of fats and oils
A. fatty acid C. soap
B. triacylglycerol D. detergent
33. The group of lipids is considered amphipathic
A. sterols C. trans-fatty acids
B. fatty acids D. phospholipids
34. Which properly describes a liposome?
A. It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous cavity
B. It is a lipid structure wherein the hydrophobic chains of the fatty acids are sequestered at the core of the sphere with virtually no water in the hydrophobic interior
C. It is a lipoprotein integrated in the phosphopolipid bilayer of the cell membranes
D. It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid monolayer enclosing a hrdrophobic cavity
35. It is the building block of essential fatty acids
A. Malonyl CoA C. Acetyl CoA
B. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate D. HMG CoA
36. The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the .
A. mouth C. small intestine
B. stomach D. duodenum
37. Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus
A. RBC C. thrombocytes
B. WBC D. all of the above
38. Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates
A. nucleoproteins C. phosphoproteins
B. glycoproteins D. chromoproteins
39. Glucose is normally absent in the urine because kidneys normally completely reabsorb all glucose. Which of the following is true?
A. Glucosuria confirms diabetes mellitus
B. Glucosuria necessarily means hyperglycemia
C. Glucosuria is solely attributed to insulin problem
D. Glucosuria may occur in other disease states
40. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome which can cause acute confusion, ataxia and opthalmoplegia, can be treated with which of the following?
A. riboflavin C. thiamine
B. ascorbic acid D. pantothenic acid
41. This is the major excretory product of purine nucleotides
A. inosine monophosphate C. methylmalonyl CoA
B. uric acid D. tetrahydrofolate
42. This is the phenomena of renaturation of nucleic acid after it has been subjected to high then to room temperature
A. Hydrolysis [Show Less]