What are three functions of proteins? - ...ANSWER...Movement
(work horses of life)
Oxygen carrying
Structure
What are the main decomposers in an
... [Show More] ecosystem? -
...ANSWER...Fungi & bacteria
There is mercury in seafood. The seafood having the highest
concentrations of mercury are where in the food chain? -
...ANSWER...At the top of the food chain
What is one lesson from the pyramid of numbers? -
...ANSWER...Eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of
obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis
What is a population? - ...ANSWER...The members of one species
that inhabit a particular area at a given time
How does carbon in the air get into organic molecules? -
...ANSWER...Photosynthesis
If the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere was 300 parts per million
(ppm) in 1950 and will be 400 ppm in the year 2020, what percent
increase will have taken place?
And what is the formula to determine this? - ...ANSWER...Formula:
difference/original x 100
100/300 x 100 = 33
What are two ways that carbon is released into the atmosphere? -
...ANSWER...1. Cellular respiration
2. Burning of wood & fossil fuels
What is noteworthy or interesting about the nitrogen cycle? -
...ANSWER...The nitrogen cycle begins with living organisms and
their organic states & decomposers break those organisms down once
they are dead to turn the nitrogen in them to an inorganic state.
Finally, plants take up that nitrogen & return it to an organic state
Morphine can dock on a brain receptor normally serving as a dock for
a natural brain chemical named endorphin. This best demonstrates
what? - ...ANSWER...That shape determines how biological
molecules recognize and respond to one another
What is one calorie? - ...ANSWER...The amount of heat energy
necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 1
degree Celsius
Name a chemical functional group - ...ANSWER...Hydroxyl OH
Amino NH3
What are the four major groups of large organic molecules? -
...ANSWER...Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
How many molecules of water are needed to completely breakdown a
polymer that is 8 monomers long? - ...ANSWER...One molecule less
than there are monomers. In this case, 7 molecules
Name a disaccharide or name a monosaccharide -
...ANSWER...Disaccharide: lactose- milk sugar
Name the storage polysaccharide of plants or the storage
polysaccharide of animals - ...ANSWER...Plants: starch
Animals: glycogen
What is the main idea of using DNA or proteins as "tape measures" of
evolution? - ...ANSWER...DNA and proteins are very long and coiled
and if unwound could resemble a tape measure. Each amino acid
would indicate similarities between organisms over time and creates a
lineage of which organisms are closely related to. In which, humans
and gorillas are only one amino acid different which tells us that we
are not that distantly related in evolutionary time
What kinds of bonds do animal lipids have? - ...ANSWER...Single
bonds
What kinds of bonds do plant lipids have? - ...ANSWER...Double
bonds
Are animal lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? -
...ANSWER...Predominantly saturated
Are plant lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? -
...ANSWER...Predominantly unsaturated
In the Devil's Garden experiment, explain what the results would have
looked like if the D tree was the cause instead of the ants -
...ANSWER...If the D tree was the cause instead of the ants in this
experiment, you would see the inside protected column raised,
indicating more dead leaf tissue after one day
If a genetic mutation changes primary structure, why might it destroy
the protein's function? - ...ANSWER...Changing the primary structure
would change the shape of a protein. The shape of a protein
determines the function it will serve
Which two categories of plants do you consume in one day or one
meal if you are not eating meat and don't have soybeans or quinoa? -
...ANSWER...Grains and legumes
What is the cause of the biodiversity crisis? - ...ANSWER...Humans
that are not aware of their environmental footprint and cause
extinction of other species and organisms
What kinds of bonds are involved in maintaining the secondary
structure of a protein? - ...ANSWER...Hydrogen bonds
Name a carnivorous plant that is native to New England, does its trap
snap shut? - ...ANSWER...Pitcher plant, no it does not snap shut
Contrast the flow of nutrients on the one hand, and energy on the
other, in ecosystems - ...ANSWER...Flow of energy:
- sun gives energy to microorganisms & decomposers, primary
producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers
- primary producers, primary consumers, & secondary consumers
give off heat to the atmosphere as well as heat to detrivus
Flow of nutrients:
- primary producers give nutrients to primary consumers who give
nutrients to secondary consumers who give nutrients to detrivus
- primary producers, primary consumers, & secondary consumers all
give nutrients to detrivus who gives nutrients to microorganisms
- microorganisms give nutrients to primary producers
In photosynthesis what two things are needed to start the cycle and
what are two products? - ...ANSWER...H2O is needed to for the light
reaction process and CO2 is needed for the calvin cycle within
photosynthesis
Two products of photosynthesis are O2 from the light reactions and
sugar from the calvin cycle
You are living in the late 1800s and you want to find out which
wavelengths of light are most useful for photosynthesis. You have
bacteria you are able to see with a microscope that congregate where
there is more oxygen. What would you do to find out which
wavelengths of light are most useful for photosynthesis? What else
would you need? What would you see? - ...ANSWER...I would need a
form of light and different color filters, maybe from a prism in order
to produce different color wavelengths to test which would be most
conducive to photosynthesis. I would see that green wavelengths are
least effective but that blue, indigo, violet & red are the most useful
wavelengths for photosynthesis
What is a vesicle? - ...ANSWER...A membrane sac in transit
What is an endomembrane system? - ...ANSWER...Membranes of the
nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vesicles, and plasma
membrane
What are ribosomes? - ...ANSWER...The site of protein synthesis in
all cells; the "dots" in our process flow chart
What is the nucleolus? - ...ANSWER...Makes the ribosomes
What is the golgi apparatus? - ...ANSWER...Modifies and packages
products form the endoplasmic reticulum
What is the nucleus? - ...ANSWER...Houses nearly all chromosomes
What is endosymbiosis? - ...ANSWER...When prokaryotic cells got
inside of early eukaryotic cells and became a part of the eukaryotic
cells
Name one structural feature or component shared by both plant and
animal cells but not found in prokaryotic cells - ...ANSWER...The
nucleus
A healthy cell is hypertonic, surrounded by a hypotonic solution.
What kind of cell is it most likely? - ...ANSWER...A plant cell
Imagine a "U-Tube" shown in class. The water levels are the same in
side A and side B prior to pouring some salt into side B. The
selectively permeable membrane allows the passage of the solvent but
not the passage of the solute. What will happen immediately after the
salt, which dissolves easily is poured into side B? -
...ANSWER...Water moves from side A to side B
What is active transport? - ...ANSWER...Moves something against its
concentration gradient
If a paramecium swims from a hypotonic environment to an isotonic
one, what does it's contractile vacuole do? - ...ANSWER...Becomes
less active
At equilibrium, describe the flow of solvent molecules through a
selectively permeable membrane - ...ANSWER...Water moves in both
directions across the membranes at equal rates
Which of the following molecules cross easily through biological
membranes without the help of a protein? - ...ANSWER...Oxygen
What happens during cotransport? - ...ANSWER...A membrane
protein, a cotransporter, transports two different solutes, one down its
concentration gradient and the other against its concentration gradient
What is the first law of thermodynamics? - ...ANSWER...Energy
cannot be created or destroyed
Energy is observed in two basic forms: potential and kinetic. What is
an example of potential energy? - ...ANSWER...A brick on the top
shelf of a closet
What is feedback inhibition? - ...ANSWER...The end product of a
metabolic pathway, when abundant, shuts down the metabolic
pathway by binding to an enzyme crucial to a step early in the
pathway
How does ATP generally energize a cellular process? -
...ANSWER...By transferring a phosphate group to another molecule
What are some facts about enzyme inhibitors? - ...ANSWER...Have
been used by terrorists
Are used to kill bacteria
Attach to the enzyme changing its shape and blocking the active site
If you have two curves on a graph representing the activation energy
and one is higher and one is lower, which curve represents the
reaction when there is no enzyme to help along the reaction? -
...ANSWER...The curve that is higher, activation energy is higher in
this case
In a graph measuring optimal temperature for two enzymes, what
measurement is on the (Y) axis? - ...ANSWER...Rate of reaction:
faster is higher and slower is lower
Most enzymes are ____ and names of enzymes end in ____ -
...ANSWER...Proteins & "ase"
If electrons are donated to a molecule, the molecule receiving the [Show Less]