True or false? Although the mechanism of injury may be similar to those for the younger population,
data shows increased mortality with similar severity
... [Show More] of injury in older adults.
{{Correct Ans- True
In the elderly population, what is decreased physiological reserve?
{{Correct Ans- aging is characterized by impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms that caused an
increased susceptibility to the stress of injury. Insults tolerated by the younger population can lead to
devastating results in elderly patients.
Pre-existing conditions that affect morbidity and mortality include:
{{Correct Ans- cirrhosis, coagulopathy, COPD, ischemic heart disease, DM
What is the most common mechanism of injury in the elderly?
{{Correct Ans- Fall. Nonfatal falls are common in women and fractures are common in women who fall.
Falls are the most common cause of TBI.
In the elderly population, what are risk factors for falls?
{{Correct Ans- advanced age, physical impairment, history of previous fall, medication use, dementia,
unsteady gait, and visual, cognitive impairment
Most of elderly traffic fatalities occur in the daytime and on weekends and typically involve other
vehicles. Why?
{{Correct Ans-Older people drive on more familiar roads and at lower speeds and tend to drive during
the day. Older people have slower reaction time, a larger blind spot, limited cervical mobility, decreased
hearing, and cognitive impairment.
True or False? Mortality associated with small to moderate sized burns in older adults remains high
{{Correct Ans- True
Spilled hot liquids on the leg, which in younger patients may re-epithelialize due to an adequate number
of hair follicles, will result in a full thickness burn in older patients.
{{Correct Ans-this is true
Airway-patients may have dentures that may loosen or obstruct the airway. If dentures are not
obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what?
{{Correct Ans- bag mask ventilation, as it improves mask fitting.
When preforming rapid sequence intubation, the dose of benzos, barbiturates, and other sedatives
should be reduced to what percentage to minimize the risk of cardiovascular depression?
{{Correct Ans- 20-40%
Functional changes in cardiac system include declining function, decreased sensitivity to
catecholamines, atherosclerosis of coronary vessels, increased afterload, fixed heart rate (beta blockers)
{{Correct Ans-this results in lack of classic response to hypovolemia, risk for cardiac ischemia, elevated
BP at baseline, and increased risk of dysrythmias.
Functional changes in pulmonary system include decreased elastic recoil, reduced residual capacity,
decreased gas exchange and decreased cough reflex
{{Correct Ans-thus they are at increased risk for respiratory failure, increased risk for pneumonia, and
poor tolerance to rib fractures
Functional changes in renal system include loss of renal mass, decreased GFR, and decreased sensitivity
to ADH and aldosterone
{{Correct Ans-resulting in drug dosing for renal insufficiency, decreased ability to concentrate urine,
increased risk for AKI and urine flow may be normal with hypovolemia [Show Less]