Anatomical position
Standard positioning of the body as standing; feet together; arms to the side; with head, eyes, and palms of hands
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Cells
Basic structure unit of an organism from which living things are created
Cellular functions
Processes that include growth, metabolism, replication, protein synthesis, and movement
Directional terminology
Words used to explain relationships of locations of anatomical elements(distal, posterior, medial)
Organ systems
Functional groups of organs that work together with the body; circulatory, integumentary, skeletal, reproductive, digestive, urinary, respiratory, endocrine, lymphatic, muscular, nervous
Organelle
Specialized part of a cell that has specific function
Organ
Self contained part of an organism that performs a specific function
Reference planes
Planes dividing the body to describe locations: sagittal, coronal, and transverse
Tissue
A group of cells with similar structure that function together as a unit, but at a lower level than organs
Arteries
Blood vessels that deliver blood from the heart to other parts of the body
Capillary
Small blood vessel that connect arterioles to venules
Diastole
The portion of the cardiac cycle in which the heart refills with blood
Heart
The muscle that pumps blood throughout the body
Hemoglobin
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
Leukocytes
White blood cells, which protect the body against disease
Lymph
Clear fluid that moves throughout the lymphatic system to fight. disease
Lymphocyte
A subtype of white blood cell found in lymph
Plasma
The pale yellow component of blood that carries red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets throughout the body
Systole
The portion of the cardiac cycle in which the heart expels blood
Vein
Blood vessels that carry blood to heart
Anus
Opening of the rectum from which solid waste is expelled
Bolus
A mass of food the has been chewed snd swallowed
Chyme
The semifluid mass of partly digested food the moves from the stomach to the small intestine
Enzymatic
The break down of food by enzymes got absorption
Gall bladder
The organ that stores bile
Large intestine
Also known as the colon, where vitamins and water are absorbed before feces is stored prior to elimination
Liver
The organ that produces bile, regulates the glycogen storage, and performs other bodily functions
Mouth
The oral cavity at the entry to alimentary canal
Pancreas
The gland of the digestive and endocrine systems that produces insulin and secretes pancreas juices
Peristalsis
A series of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract
Rectum
The last section of the large intestine, ending with the anus
Saliva
The clear liquid found in the mouth, also known as spit
Small intestine
Part of the GI tract between the stomach and large intestine that includes the. duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, where digestion and absorption of food occur
Stomach
The organ between the esophagus and small intestine in which the major portion of digestion occur
Autonomic nervous system
The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates unconscious body functions such as breathing and heart rate
Axon
A nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body
Contraction
The process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in a muscle
Involuntary
Without intentional control
Muscle
Fibrous tissue that produces forces and motion to move body or produce movement in parts of body
Nerve
A bundle of nerves fibers that transmits electrical impulses toward and away from the brain and spinal cord
Reflex
An involuntary action to a stimulus [Show Less]