D
Which of the following synovial joints is shown in this image?
A. Plane
B. Hinge
C. Pivot
D. Ball-and-socket
A
Which of the following
... [Show More] statements correctly describes the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
A. Genes are DNA sequences found on chromosomes
B. Chromosomes contain genes composed of amino acids
C. Chromosomes are DNA sequences found on genes
D. Genes contain chromosomes composed of amino acids
C
Which of the following will likely happen in the case of blocked and injured ureters?
A. Frequent urination
B. No urine formation
C. Reduced flow of urine to the bladder
D. Bladder stretches due to an increase in urine volume
A
A student observes that when the mercury rises and falls in a thermometer, the particles do not stick to the sides of the glass tube. However, when honey is poured from one glass container to another, the particles stick to the walls of the container. Which of the following explains the observation?
A. Mercury is more cohesive and less adhesive than honey
B. Mercury is less cohesive and more adhesive than honey
C. Mercury is less cohesive and less adhesive than honey
D. Mercury is more cohesive and more adhesive than honey
A
Acid reflux is a condition in which the gastric juices of the stomach flow backward into the esophagus. Which of the following causes acid reflux?
A. The cardiac sphincter does not close tightly
B. Peristalsis occurs slowly in the esophagus
C. Excess gastric juices are produced by the stomach
D. The pH value for gastric juices is increased
A
In human blood types, A and B alleles are codominant and O is recessive. Which of the following combinations of the parents' genotypes has the highest probability of producing a child with blood type O?
A. Both parents are heterozygous and have blood type AB
B. One parent is heterozygous for blood type A and the other is heterozygous for blood type B
C. One parent is homozygous for blood type A and the other is homozygous for blood type O
D. One parent has blood type AB and the other is homozygous for blood type O
B -- Density is a ratio of material present in a given volume. Water will have the same density whether in a bucket or in a cup. It is independent of the amount of material. Therefore, it is an intensive property
If an intensive property is independent of the amount of material being measured, which of the following is an example of an intensive property?
A. Mass
B. Density
C. Volume
D. Length
A
Which of the following procedures is an appropriate negative control for testing the hypothesis that air contains bread mold spores?
A. Seal slices of bread in a container to mineralize air contact
B. Place slices of bread in a refrigerated environment
C. Add ingredients to the bread recipe that will slow mold growth
D. Expose a different mold-supporting medium to air
D
A student wants to study how friction affects the distance traveled by a marble on a surface. A marble was pushed on four different surfaces with the same force and the time taken for it to travel 1 meter was noted. What experimental term is used to define the condition of pushing the marble with same force on all four surfaces?
A. Data collection
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Experimental constant
D -- Photosynthesis occurs in bacteria, certain protists, and plants. Oxidative respiration occurs in aerobes (bacteria and fungi), animals, plants, and protists
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the organisms in which photosynthesis and oxidative respiration occur?
A. Photosynthesis occurs only in plants, whereas oxidative respiration occurs in all life forms
B. Photosynthesis occurs in many prokaryotes and some eukaryotes, whereas oxidative respiration occurs only in aerobic eukaryotes
C. Photosynthesis occurs only in plants, whereas oxidative respiration occurs only in animals
D. Photosynthesis occurs in many prokaryotes and eukaryotes, whereas oxidative respiration occurs in only aerobic prokaryotes and eukaryotes
C -- the cross-section shows different types of tissue in a cross-section of the small intestines, which is a digestive organ
Which level of hierarchy does the cross-section represent
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Organ system
A -- Often scientists will make such a working hypothesis and assume an entity that fits the observed data. This strategy allows for experimental testing
"Dark matter" is a form of energy proposed to explain the repulsive forces between matter in the universe. It has never been observed directly. Which of the following is the best rationale for many scientists' contention that it exists?
A. It serves as a working hypothesis to explain real observations in the universe
B. A basic scientific principle is to consider everything possible until proven otherwise
C. Since light energy exists in the universe, dark energy must also exist
D. Light energy from distant stars is very faint because it is absorbed by dark energy
C
Which of the following is the value of the prefix milli- in the metric system?
A. 10^-6
B. 1000
C. 10^-3
D. 0.1
B -- Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to an unequal sharing of electrons, which is the definition of polar covalent bonds
Which of the following chemical bonds is found within a molecule of ammonia, NH3, given that N is a highly electronegative element and has a valence of 5?
A. Nonpolar covalent bonds
B. Polar covalent bonds
C. Ionic covalent bonds
D. Hydrogen bonds
A
Which of the following describes the role of regulatory genes?
A. Regulatory genes control the expression of structural genes
B. Regulatory genes catalyze chemical reactions
C. Regulatory genes transfer information stored in DNA to proteins
D. Regulatory genes code for membrane proteins
D
Which of the following describes the concentration of hydrogen ions in water with a pH of 7?
A. 10^7 M
B. 7 M
C. 0.7 M
D. 10^-7 M
D -- Carbon-hydrogen chains don't have electronegative atoms and confer nonpolarity on the tails of phospholipids
Which component of a phospholipid gives it non polar characteristics?
A. Glycerol molecule
B. Hydrogen bonds
C. Phosphate group
D. Carbon-hydrogen chains
B -- this calculation correctly adds the difference between people entering (i and b) and leaving the population (e and d)
When calculating population growth, which of the following equations is appropriate?
A. (Emigrants - immigrants) + (births - deaths)
B. (Immigrants - emigrants) + (births - deaths)
C. (Births + deaths) - (emigrants + immigrants)
D. (Births - deaths) - (immigrants + emigrants)
C -- A blood pressure reading of 120 is peak arterial pressure during ventricular contraction (ventricular systole); 70 refers to minimal pressure during ventricular relaxation (ventricular diastole)
A blood pressure reading of 120/70 mm Hg refers to arterial pressures recorded during which of the following events?
A. Atrial contraction/ventricular contraction
B. Atrial contraction/ventricular relaxation
C. Ventricular contraction/ventricular relaxation
D. Ventricular relaxation/atrial relaxation
A -- When a chlorine atom gains an electron, its negative charge increases by 1 and it is now called an anion
A chlorine atom has 17 electrons and 17 protons. It forms an ionic bond with sodium and gains a negative charge. Which of the following is true for the chloride ion?
A. It is an anion with 18 electrons and 17 protons
B. It is an anion with 18 electrons and 18 protons
C. It is a cation with 17 electrons and 18 protons
D. It is a cation with 18 electrons and 18 protons
B -- Keratinocytes contain the protein keratin and are produced in the epidermis and migrate upward. The tight junctions between cells prevents water entry. They eventually form a layer of dead cells on the skin surface
Which of the following cell types confers waterproofing on the outer layers of skin?
A. Melanocytes
B. Keratinocytes
C. Merkel cells
D. Langerhans cells
D.
Which of the following anatomical planes divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
A. Sagittal
B. Medial
C. Frontal
D. Transverse
A , C , D , E
Which of the following actions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system? (SATA)
A. Heart rate increases while running
B. Hand is withdrawn quickly after touching a hot surface
C. Stomach muscles contract aid digestion
D. Salivary glands release secretions in response to the presence of food
E. Blood vessels constrict to reduce the flow of blood to the skin
A -- Viruses don't contain ribosomes. That use host ribosomes for protein synthesis. That are also not alive and cannot be treated by antibiotics
Which of the following pathogens would be unaffected by treatment with an antibiotic that inhibits ribosome function?
A. Viruses
B. Bacteria
C. Protists
D. Fungi
D -- mass number = protons + neutrons
An atom of lithium has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons. What is this atom's mass number?
A. 3
B. 6
C. 10
D. 7
B
Which of the following is the main function of bile juices?
A. Breaking down proteins
B. Emulsifying fats
C. Detoxifying poisons
D. Digesting carbohydrates
C -- means the same as "breathing": the intake and expulsion of air using the lungs
Which of these terms specifically means the intake and expulsion of air using the lungs?
A. Inspiration
B. Aeration
C. Ventilation
D. Oxygenation
B
Which of the following bones is the large, fused bone of the upper jaw that contains teeth?
A. Mandible
B. Maxilla
C. Vomer
D. Clavicle
Millimeter , Centimeter , Decameter , Hectometer , Kilometer
Arrange the units in increasing order of size of distance they measure:
Decameter
Kilometer
Millimeter
Centimeter
Hectometer
A -- other hormones are produced in the pituitary gland
Which of the following hormones is produced in the ovaries?
A. Estrogen
B. Vasopressin
C. Prolactin
D. Oxytocin
D -- stimulus is the initial signal detected by a receptor. Information received is sent to the nervous system and an effector is used to achieve a response.
Which of the following options lists the correct order of events in a signaling pathway in a feedback loop used to maintain homeostasis?
A. Receptor → Effector → Integration → Stimulus → Response
B. Receptor → Stimulus → Integration → Response → Effector
C. Stimulus → Effector → Integration → Receptor → Response
D. Stimulus → Receptor → Integration → Effector → Response
D
Which of the following conditions might help a species to escape extinction in the face of changing environmental conditions, such as habitat destruction?
A. Extreme specialization
B. Small populations
C. Narrow ecological niches
D. Generalized distribution
B -- Alveolar macrophages are abundant in the lungs and remove particles that escape entrapment by mucus
Which of the following cells rid the body of dust and other particles that enter the lungs?
A. Alveoli
B. Macrophages
C. Sertoli cells
D. Erythrocytes
C
Which of the following is the gland on a hair follicle that supplies the hair shaft and the skin with oily secretions?
A. Eccrine gland
B. Apocrine gland
C. Sebaceous gland
D. Ceruminous gland
C -- Dendritic cells process antigens and display them on surface receptors to helper T-cells of the immune system. Helper T-cells then activate cytotoxic T-cells and B-cells. Therefore, dendritic cells link the passive and active immune system
Which of the following is a type of specialized antigen-processing cell that activates T-cells of the immune system?
A. Plasma cells
B. Thrombocytes
C. Dendritic cells
D. Eosinophils
B
In chickens, feather color can be white (WW), black (BB), or speckled (BW). A cross between a black-feathered chicken and a white-feathered chicken produces speckled-feathered chickens. Which of the following is the outcome of a cross between two F1 offspring?
A. 1 BB: 1 BW: 1 WW
B. 1 BB: 2 BW: 1 WW
C. 2 BB: 1 BW: 1 WW
D. 1 BB: 1 BW: 2 WW
C
A student placed 20 mL of NaOH solution in a beaker and added mL of HCl to it. Which of the following would happen when the two substances are mixed?
A. Hydrogen gas is released
B. Carbon dioxide gas is produced
C. The pH of the resultant is reduced
D. The concentration of OH- ions is increased
D -- Aldosterone retains salt in the kidneys and results in water retention, which increases blood volume and pressure
Which of the following hormones is released in response to a drop in blood pressure?
A. Melatonin
B. Somatosatin
C. Oxytocin
D. Aldosterone
C -- In systemic circulation, the left ventricle supplies oxygen-rich blood to the body, and the right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body.
Which of the following statements accurately describes systemic circulation?
A. Supplies oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
B. Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the right atrium
C. Supplies oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the body
D. Receives oxygen-poor blood from the body to the left atrium
A
Which of the following is true of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?
A. The enzyme is not consumed in the reaction
B. The substrate is produced in the active site
C. The substrate remains unchanged during the reaction
D. The enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction [Show Less]