ATI TEAS 7 Chemistry Questions and answers 2023.Matter
Anything that has mass + volume
divisions of matter
pure substances and mixtures
Pure
... [Show More] Substance
A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties
EX: O, H, CL, ( elements )
Compounds: H20, NaCL
definite properties: always the same
Heterogenous mixtures are...
mixtures that are not uniform throughout
Oil and water
- creating a distinct boundary Homogenous mixture example
a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout salt water
Is blood homogeneous or heterogeneous? blood under microscope is heterogenous regular blood is homogenous
Mass
A measure / quantity of the amount of matter in an object Volume
The amount of space an object takes up
weight
measurement of the gravitational pull on a object
- greater the gravitational pull on a object the more it will weigh will the weight of a space ship change
yes
will the mass of a spaceship change no
Sub-atomic particles protons, neutrons, electrons Protons
Positively charged particles Neutrons
the particles of the nucleus that have no charge Electrons
Negatively charged particles Atoms
smallest unit of matter
What is the center of an atom? protons and neutrons Where are electrons located? orbitals
outside the nucleus Elements
any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
- only the specfic atoms can create the element ex: Element Iron only has Iron atoms Diatomic elements are
H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
these have only have two atoms in PAIRS All diatomic molecules have
Non Polar covalent bonds between the same atoms Molecules
two or more atoms joined together Diatomic elements are Molecules Any other atoms jointed are molecules ex: H2O, CH4, H2, N2
What is a compound?
2 or more elements chemically combined all compounds are molecules
Forms of matter solid, liquid, gas Protons are referred as
In chemistry, the term proton refers to the hydrogen ion, H+ Solid
fixed shape and volume
- Molecules are packed together in a tight, orderly pattern
- Vibrational motion, not translational motion
- Retains shape
- Retains density
ex: Rock, Wood, Paper
Liquid
No fixed Shape
FIXED VOLUME
- Molecules are less ordered than solids, less tightly packed
- Vibrational and translational motion
- Shape is indefinite- takes shape of
container
- Retains volume
ex: water, juice, soda
Gas
No fixed shape
no fixed volume
- Molecules are rapidly moving and spread far apart-
- Highly compressible- expands to fill container
•- No definite shape
= No definite volume
ex: Oxygen, Methane, Carbon Dioxide
Changes in matter
- Condensation: Gas -> Liquid Deposition: Gas -> Solid
- Evaporation: Liquid -> Gas
- Freezing: Liquid -> Solid
- Melting: Solid -> Liquid
- Sublimation: Solid -> Gas liquid to gas vaporization/evaporation gas to liquid condensation
gas to solid deposition, exothermic solid to gas sublimation
What is boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas what is critical point
the temperature and pressure at which liquids and gases become indistinguishable Liquids and Gas have the same density
the substance is indistinguishable between solid and gaseous states what is triple point
The temperature and pressure at which all 3 phases of a pure substance coexists.
point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
What is a phase diagram?
A graph of physical states of a substance under varying temperature and pressure.
- can show triple point [Show Less]