ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTORED EXAM 2024 [A+
GRADED] NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1) A nurse is caring for a client
... [Show More] with hyperparathyroidism and notes
that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication
should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ANS✔-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride
are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a
result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of
vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone,
decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with
iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer
the iron with which best food item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - ANS✔-4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother
should be instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit
or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the
iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a
greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
1. Tinnitus
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis.
The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following
would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this
medication?
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - ANS✔-1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic
toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness,
hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation and
diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
4.) The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with
busulfan (Myleran). Which laboratory value would the nurse
specifically monitor during treatment with this medication?
1. Clotting time
2. Uric acid level
3. Potassium level
4. Blood glucose level - ANS✔-2. Uric acid level
Rationale:
Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an increase in the uric acid level.
Hyperuricemia can produce uric acid nephropathy, renal stones, and
acute renal failure. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to
this medication.
1. Notifying the registered nurse
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a
burn injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of
local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most
appropriate nursing action?
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - ANS✔-3.
Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram
positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria
present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that the
medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a
normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate
(Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client,
knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect
has occurred?
1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site - ANS✔-1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress
renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this
treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance
(hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be
discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local rather
than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected
from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the
administration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which
laboratory test will be prescribed?
1. Platelet count
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
4. White blood cell count - ANS✔-2. Triglyceride level
Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels
should be measured before treatment and periodically thereafter
until the effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3,
and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during this treatment.
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care
provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's
medication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking
which medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) - ANS✔-1. Vitamin A
Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized
intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for
increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued
before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with
eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for increased
systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being
applied to which of the following body areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands - ANS✔-2. Axilla
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation.
Absorption is higher from regions where the skin is especially
permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and
lower from regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a
client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex).
Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that
the client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex - ANS✔-1. Acne
Rationale:
Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate
acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing the growth of
Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the proliferation of
keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver sulfadiazine
(Silvadene) for the client with a partial-thickness burn, which has
cultured positive for gram-negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing
information to the client about the medication. Which statement
made by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the
treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the wound." -
ANS✔-3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
Rationale:
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad
spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive
bacteria, and yeast. It is applied directly to the wound to assist in
healing. It does not stain the skin. [Show Less]