1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for ergotamine. The nurse should recognize that ergotamine is administered to treat which of
... [Show More] the following conditions?
a. Raynaud's phenomenon
b. Ulcerative colitis
c. Anemia
d. Migraine headaches - Migraine headaches
*RATIONALE* Ergotamine prevents or stops a migraine headache by blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the cranial peripheral vascular smooth muscle, which causes vasoconstriction of dilated cerebral blood vessels.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphotericin B. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypertension
c. Constipation
d. Nephrotoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
*RATIONALE* Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication used to treat severe fungal infections; however, it can cause nephrotoxicity. The nurse should monitor the client's creatinine every 3 to 4 days and increase fluid intake. The dosage of amphotericin B should be reduced if the client's creatinine is 3.5 mg/dL or greater.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 8,000 units subcutaneously every 8 hr. Available is heparin 10,000 units/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero, if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- 0.8 mL
*RATIONALE* 8,000 units x 1 mL/10,000 units = X mL. Reassess to determine whether the amount to give makes sense. If there are 10,000 units/1 mL and the amount prescribed is 8,000 units, it makes sense to administer 0.8 mL. The nurse should administer 0.8 mL heparin subcutaneously every 8 hr.
4. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney failure with an AV fistula for hemodialysis and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. Reduces blood pressure
b. Inhibits clotting of fistula
c. Promotes RBC production
d. Stimulates growth of neutrophils - Promotes RBC production
*RATIONALE* Epoetin alfa stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow to increase RBC production and reduce anemia. Anemia is common in clients who have chronic kidney failure, since erythropoietin is produced by the kidney.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enalapril. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
a. Ecchymosis
b. Jaundice
c. Hypotension
d. Hypokalemia - Hypotension
*RATIONALE* Enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, can cause hypotension and postural hypotension, especially during the first 3 hr following the initial dosage. [Show Less]